Time Line
Middle Ages (1500-):
John Locke (1632-1704):
“tabula rasa”
Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) :
“child of nature”
Charles Darwin (1809-1882):
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) :
« psychosexual »
Id
Child study not structured in U.S. until the 1900’s
Stanley Hall (1909):
John Watson (1878-1958):
experience
Arnold Gesell (1880-1961):
maturation
Lev Vygotsky (1897-1934):
“sociocultural theory”
Abraham Maslow :
“humanistic perspective”
hierarchy of needs motivates behavior
Jean Piaget (1896-1980):
intellect due to maturation & environment
Erik Erikson (1902-1994)
“psychosocial”
ego
Urie Bronfenbrenner
ecological
Stronger advocacy for children beginning in the 21st century …
Today’s needs…