Interior Backgrounds: Floors, Windows, Walls & Ceilings Worksheet

INTERIOR BACKGROUNDS: FLOORS, WINDOWS, WALLS & CEILINGS WORKSHEET

NAME: ___________________________

1. Carpeting can be installed ________ to ________, or may be an __________________ that has finished edges, does not extend all the way to the wall, and is not attached to the floor. Carpet adds warmth and comfort to a room. The quality of carpeting is determined by three factors:

A. carpet ______________________

___________________ a synthetic fiber and is known for it’s strength and abrasion resistance. Over half of all carpets sold in America are nylon.

___________________offers the appearance and feel of wool without the cost. Acrylic carpet fiber has a low static level and is moisture and mildew resistant.

___________________ a fiber that is naturally stain resistant because it has no dye sites, however, it is not as durable as nylon. Known for color clarity. It is very soft.

____________________ an expensive, resilient fiber shorn from sheep. It is a natural fiber and is very easy to clean. It is soft and warm, but prone to high static.

____________________ (polypropylene) – an inexpensive very abrasive- resistance fiber but has less resiliency and limited in color range.

B. carpet _______________________ refers to the number of times that the individual fibers are twisted per linear inch, and can be judged by looking at those fibers closely and comparing.

The ______________ the twist the better the carpet will retain its appearance.

Carpets that are__________ _______ are best, as it gives the carpet memory, stabilizes the yarn, and retains twist the longest.

C. carpet _______________________ refers to the amount of fiber used in the construction of the carpet and is a combination of how closely the fibers are tufted together and their pile height.

2. Carpets are manufactured in 5 basic textures:

______________ Sometimes referred to as a "plush", velvets are smooth finished carpets with a rich, velvety look. They are an extra dense, cut pile with a luxurious look and color. They are quite formal.

____________________ Versatile beauty in cut pile. Not as formal as velvets, but easier to live with. The degree to which each individual tuft is visible in the pile creates a wide range of subtly different appeals. This texture is often called "trackless", and it is the most popular style in today's carpet market. Minimizes sweeper marks and footprints.

___________________ The most casual and rugged of cut pile carpets. Tightly twisted yarns curl back on themselves, creating a distinctive nubby, loose and shaggy, or pebbled texture look. They might be referred to as a shag carpet.

Some with very tight twist are called ________________(pronounced "free-zay”). The twist level provides durability, while the looser pile provides comfort.

________________________ The looped construction offers exceptional durability, and a unique look. Many berbers are patterned, using high and low loops, which can give an embossed look not available with most other textures.

_______________________ These carpets are often called "sculptured", because of the pattern formed in the face of the carpet by the looped areas. Cut and loops provide a casual setting. They are sometimes referred to as “traceries”.

3. Carpet pads serve 5 functions:

A. _________________________________

B. _________________________________

C. _________________________________

D. _________________________________

E. _________________________________

Types of pads: _________________________________________________

4. _________________ flooring is a type of resilient flooring that began as linoleum and has been a very popular choice over the years. In the last several years, there have been huge improvements in durability and styling. It is easy to clean and maintain.

5. _________________ flooring appears warm and luxurious, but must be sealed well and maintained to resist spills, scratches, chemicals and wear.

6. ________________ wood floors are those installed in a pattern or 3D effect.

7. ______________________ flooring is a low-maintenance alternative to wood, ceramic, and stone flooring. It looks and feels like those materials, but the top layer simply includes a decorative paper layer with the design on it and coating over it.

Almost all laminates are installed as _______________ floors, meaning that the laminate planks or tiles are attached to each other, but not to the sub-floor.

8. Other floor coverings:

______________________ is relatively expensive, durable and easy to maintain, comes in many shapes, sizes, textures, and colors; glazed tiles are impervious to moisture and stains.

______________________floors are elegant and durable; easy to clean if sealed; sandstone, limestone (travertine), marble, slate, granite, and the man-made stones terrazo and terra-cotta are suitable for floors.

______________________ originates from a layer of tree bark, found in greatest quantities on a cork oak tree that grows near the Mediterranean Sea; tiles are inexpensive, soft, warm, and quiet underfoot; non-allergenic; unique.

______________________flooring is naturally derived from a rubber tree, but synthetically is a petroleum product; durable and hard-wearing; provides cushion for your step, slip resistance, and sound absorption.

______________________ floors can be colored with a solution made with water, acid and inorganic salts that reacts with minerals already present in the concrete to create the color effects; hard and noisy to walk on; inexpensive.

9. Drywall compound can be used to apply textures to ceilings or walls. They can be sprayed, brushed, or spread with a trowel to create a variety of effects such as “orange peel, stomp, popcorn, and knock down”. There are 3 reasons for using these textures:

A. ______________________________________

B. _______________________________________

C. _______________________________________

10. Before painting, walls must be prepared. A ___________________ must be added to the surface to seal it, making it non-porous, keeping out humidity, and covering stains.

11. ________________________ is using a pattern to transfer a design onto the wall drawing or painting through the cutout areas of the design template.

12. ______________ ___________________“fakes” expensive surfaces such as marble, by using sponges, combs, etc.

13. There are two types of paint:

A. _____________________ based; enamel; clean up with mineral spirits; durable

B. _____________________; water based; clean up with soap and water;

14. Paint _____________________ add interest and affect cleaning of the walls. Gloss (easiest to clean), semi-gloss, satin or eggshell, flat (dull, but most formal looking), and textured (adds interest but difficult to clean or remove).

15. ____________________________ is an easy and inexpensive way to add color, texture, and style to a room; it is somewhat vulnerable to damage because of the nature of the material and method of application.

____________________ paper means it can be removed without having to score, steam, or scrape it off.

______________ papers can make small rooms appear larger. Heavily embossed or _________________papers with raised surfaces can create a formal effect. Vinyl and coated papers are washable, so make cleaning easier.

16. ______________________ and _____________________ are wooden moldings that were originally added to plaster walls to protect them from damage to chairs. Today, there are primarily for decoration, applied to the lower 1/3 of the wall.

_________________________ are a wide trim board attached at the top of the wall next to the ceiling. Whether ornate or simple, they add a “finished” or elegant touch.

17. Solid wood ________________________adds a warmth and richness to a room. It is attractive but costly. Cherry, mahogany, oak, pine, and walnut are popular woods for paneling.

Manufactured wood paneling has a wood _____________________(thin overlay) top over a backing material; laminated plastic paneling is printed in wood grain or other patterns.

18. A __________________________ for walls, like floors, is a mixture of clays which is shaped and fired at high temperatures. The hard slab that results from this process can be glazed or decorated or remain unglazed.

19. ______________________ wall coverings can be repeated on windows upholstery, or accessories. The fabric needs to be thick enough to prevent glue from showing through. It must also be resistant to stains, fading, mildew, and shrinking. Cleaning can be a challenge.

20. ____________________can be used to cover an entire wall or smaller area. They make a room look larger. They are expensive, but give a dramatic effect. Make sure the view reflected is appropriate. Mirrors can be clear, smoked, or patterned.

21. A _______________ window is a composite of three or more windows, usually made up of a large center unit and two flanking units.

22. A __________________window is a composite of four or more window units in a radial or bow formation.

23. Curtains should be hung to the stool/sill, to the apron, halfway between the apron and the floor, to the floor, or __________________ on the floor for a very romantic look.

24. Curtains are usually unlined fabric or lace. They are hung or ________________ (gathered) onto a rod, and offer a variety in colors, patterns, and textures. They are considered informal.

Curtains may be ________________ (transparent), ________________ (diffuse light and view), or opaque. Sheer curtains are sometimes used as an under-curtain, behind draperies.

____________________ curtain panels have a shirred pouf design.

____________________are softly draped and free flowing.

____________________curtains are usually hung on rings that slide along a rod. They cover only the lower half of the window.

____________________ curtains are drawn back to the side and held with a sash or cord.

_____________________curtains are tie back curtains, edged with ruffles.

_____________________ curtains have a casing and are shirred onto a rod; they should start out being 2 times the rod width; 3 times the width for sheer curtains.

______________ are short curtain lengths; _________________ are long lengths.

25. There are many styles of window valances. The picture at the left is the

__________________________.

26. A center ruffle or drape is called a ______________________.

27. A _________________________ or balloon valance is sometimes stuffed with tissue paper for fullness.

28. A _______________________ or a ________________________ valance are two different types, but both are “fitted”.

29. ________________________ are traditionally a more formal window treatment. They are pinch-pleated and hung from a:

_______________________that allows them to be opened and closed by pulling on a cord. They are often lined or made of a heavier fabric.

30. _________________________ were designed to filter or block the sun and cold air. There are several types:

________________________ shades are two pieces of fabric with air space between

________________________shades raise in folds

________________________ shades are the least expensive and most traditional

31. ___________________________ are made of a series of evenly spaced slats that can opened and closed. They provide privacy and control over sunlight allowed into the room. Blinds are more difficult to clean than some other window treatments. The slats can be horizontal or vertical.

32. _______________________ have crosswise slats called ___________________. Shutters control privacy, the degree of sunlight in the room, and even temperature.