Fayetteville State University

College of Basic and Applied Sciences

Department of Natural Sciences

CHEM 210 (Analytical Chemistry) Section 02

Spring 2005

I.  Locator Information

Semester Hours of Credit: / 5
Lecture time and location / T&Th 12:30 – 1:50 pm LS 304W
Laboratory time and location / M&W 2:00 pm – 4:50 pm LS 315
Prerequisite: / CHEM 140 with a minimum of ‘C’
Instructor: / Cevdet Akbay, Ph.D.
Office location: / LS 227
Office phone: / 672-1943
Office hours: / MW: 11:30am–12:30pm; T: 10:00am–12:00 pm & 2:00–4:00 pm; Th: 2:00-4:00 pm
Email: /

II.  Course Description

This course provides fundamentals of chemical analysis and the practical aspects in chemistry, biology, medicine, ecology, materials, forensic sciences and other fields.

III.  Textbook

Skoog, West, Holler & Crouch. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th Ed., Thomson Brooks/Cole.

IV.  Course Objectives

The goal of this course is to introduce students to the broad, important area of quantitative chemical analysis as preparation for upper level coursework and graduate study, as well as for careers in industry, medicine, and government.

In the laboratory, basic techniques are stressed first. These include using the balances, care and use of volumetric glassware, and data analysis using a spreadsheet program. From there, gravimetric analyses (analysis by weight) and volumetric analysis (titrations) are introduced. The application of chemical equilibrium in analysis is illustrated by neutralization, complexation, and redox titrations.

The coursework outside of the laboratory will cover methods of statistical analysis. In addition, the theory behind the laboratory techniques mentioned above will be explained, as well as how reliable they are and what limitations might be encountered.

Upon completion of this course, the student should possess the ability to carry out the following steps of an analytical experiment:

1.  Evaluation of a chemical problem and the selection of appropriate analytical techniques to address it, keeping in mind the chemistry behind each method and the limitations associated with it.

2.  Carrying out the analytical methods in the laboratory, keeping in mind safety, the required precision, and the maximum use of laboratory time.

3.  Analysis of the raw data using spreadsheet technology, arriving at not only a numerical result, but also an estimate of the precision and the statistical confidence associated with any answers to questions associated with the result.

4.  Effective communication of the process behind solving the problem, including the theory behind the technique and any problems that were encountered.

V.  course competencies

The student will apply and refine his/her previous knowledge and develop the following manual skills.

a.  Quantitative transfer of a solid reagent, carrying out dilutions, drying or washing volumetric glassware with the solution being measured when necessary.

b.  Acid-base titration with strong reagents, aiming for a precision of two parts per thousand.

c.  Acid-base titration of a weak acid with a strong base, aiming at the same precision.

d.  Acid-base titration of a weak diprotic acid or base, with the possible use of back-titration

e.  Preparation and calculation of buffers.

f.  Determination of a sulfate unknown by means of gravimetry.

g.  Determination of an iron sample by means of a redox titration and/or colorimetry.

The student is expected to understand and show by means of word problems and tests that (s)he understands and can apply the theory behind

a.  The necessity to dry glassware or wash volumetric equipment with the solution being measured, including understanding when these steps are not needed.

b.  Acid-base titration including pH, titration curves, endpoint versus equivalence point, selection of an indicator, weak acid or base, equivalence point of a salt, hydrolysis of a salt, indicator error.

c.  How balances work, as well as what limits their precision and accuracy.

d.  Calibration of volumetric instrumentation.

e.  Precipitation, Ksp, problem of co-precipitation, peptization, digestion of crystals to obtain larger sizes, filtering by means of filter paper or sintered glass funnels.

f.  Electron-transfer reactions that occur during a redox titration procedure.

g.  Complexation equilibria that occur during EDTA metal analysis, including pH dependence and desirable indicator characteristics.

h.  Sampling techniques and statistical analysis.

i.  What the requirements are for a primary standard.

VI.  Evaluation criteria

The progress of each student will be evaluated by means of three one-hour examinations given during the semester, laboratory reports, homework, quizzes, and a final examination.

A.  Grade distribution

Three hour exams (10 ´ 3) 30

Laboratory reports 20

Homework and quizzes 30

Final examination 20

Total 100

B.  Grading scale

The final letter grade assigned to the student will be based upon the following numerical equivalencies.

A = 90 – 100, B = 80 – 89, C = 70 – 79, D = 60 – 69, F = 59 or less

VII.  Course outline

Week
/
Chapter
/
Topic
Jan 6th / 1 / Introduction
Jan 10th / 2,3, 5,6 / Tools of Analytical Chemistry
Jan 17th
MLK Day / 4 / Calculation in Analytical Chemistry
Jan 24 / 4 / Calculation in Analytical Chemistry
Jan 31st / 7-8 / Evaluation of Analytical Method
Feb 7th / 9 / Chemical Equilibrium
Feb 14th / 11 / Equilibrium Calculation
Feb 21th / 10, midterm / Effect of Electrolytes on Chemical Equilibria
Feb 28th
---Mar 5th / Spring Break
Mar 7th / 12 / Gravimetric analysis
Mar 14th / 13 / Titrimetric methods
Mar 21th / 14 / Neutralization Titrations
Mar 28th / 16 / Application of Neutralization Titrations
April 4th / 17 / Complexation titration
April 11st / 18 / Introduction to Electrochemistry
April 18th / 20 / Applications of Oxidation/Reduction Titrations
April 18th / 24 / Spectroscopy
April 25 th / Review
April 27th / Final Exam / 10:00 am-11:50 am

Tentative laboratory list (see Chapter 37 of your textbook)

37A: Introductory Experiment: Laboratory Techniques

37B-1: The Gravimetric Determination of Chloride in a Soluble Sample

37C: Neutralization Titrations: Determination of Acetic Acid in Vinegar

37D: The Determination of Chloride by Titration with an Adsorption Indicator

37E: Complex-Formation Titration: Determination of Hardness of Water

37H: Iodometric Titrations: How Much Copper is there in a Penny?

37N-3: The Determination of Manganese in Steel

Nutritional Chemistry: Vitamin C Determination by Titration

VIII.  course requirements

A.  Hour exams are in the short-essay format. However, you may have multiple choice questions as well. Questions may consist of either a numerical problem to work out or a concept to explain in a few sentences. To receive full credit for numerical problems, make sure your thought process is written out clearly.
B.  Laboratory reports. The laboratory is an important component of the course. Laboratory procedures are on chapter 37 in your textbook. In the new version of your book, the experiments are in CD-ROM; so you have to print them out from there. Each laboratory experiment has three components.
a.  Pre-lab: Read the procedure beforehand. Write it out in your own words, and bring that procedure to lab, not your textbook. Write out the procedure as step-by-step instructions and make a list of equipment and chemicals at the top, with the hazards associated with each of the chemicals.
b.  In lab: Use your laboratory notebook to record what you have done, not what you plan to do. Record raw data directly into the notebook as you observe them; do not write weighings or buret readings on separate pieces of paper to be transcribed later into the notebook.
c.  Laboratory report: This is to have a title, author(s), abstract, introduction, experimental, results and discussion, and reference(s). Further details will be given.

You will be trained in the use of Microsoft Excel and will be expected to use it for calculations.

IX.  Teaching strategies

A variety of formats will be used in this class. Typically, the class will begin with answering your questions about the homework or a ten-minute quiz, then new material in a lecture format and then in-class exercises, with discussion in an interactive format.

X.  Bibliography

Daniel C. Harris, Daniel C. Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 5th ed., Freeman (1999).

Christian, Analytical Chemistry, 5th ed., Wiley.

XI.  DISCLAIMER

To accommodate emergent circumstances, the professor reserves the right to make reasonable changes in the syllabus while the course is in progress. Any understandings between a student and the professor including, but not limited to, changes, expectations, or modifications to course requirements or procedures must be in writing and must be signed by both parties. Any question of interpretation of course requirements or of understandings between a student and the professor will be at the discretion of the professor.