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Latin Primer A Summer 2017 Review Packet – Answer Key
Summer Packet Extra Credit Grading Rubric
· Students are responsible for all of the information in the review packet regardless of attempting/completing the packet or not
· Students may use their textbook/notes as needed, but are to work independently
· The summer packet is for practice ONLY and not for a grade
· The summer packet is to be completed with a No. 2 pencil ONLY
If you have any issues printing the review packet or any questions / concerns regarding the study guide, please contact me via my e-mail immediately: . After the last day of school (Friday, 05/26/17), I will be checking my e-mail periodically throughout the summer.
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Here is the completion summer schedule for the Latin review packet. When you have successfully completed the designated page(s), please put a check park in the space provided next to the date of completion. N.B. Some sections are longer than others, so please feel free to work ahead of the schedule given below.
Worksheet Assignment / Page(s) / Date of Completion / Completion CheckEnglish Grammar and Noun Drills / pp. 1 - 5 / Week of: 05/29/17 - 06/02/17 / [ ]
Latin Noun Declension Practice / p. 6 / Week of: 06/05/17 - 06/09/17 / [ ]
Latin Adjective/Noun Agreement / pp. 7-9 / Week of: 06/12/17 – 06/16/17 / [ ]
Latin Verb Practice / pp. 10-11 / Week of: 06/19/17 – 06/23/17 / [ ]
Latin Irregular Verb Practice “esse” and “ire” / p. 12-13 / Week of: 06/26/17 – 06/30/17 / [ ]
Latin Sentence Practice / p. 14 / Week of: 07/03/17 – 07/07/17 / [ ]
Latin Prepositions / p. 15 / Week of: 07/10/17 – 07/14/17 / [ ]
Latin Grammar Practice / pp. 16-17 / Week of: 07/17/17 – 07/21/17 / [ ]
English/Latin Grammar Review: (Nouns); OLC / Jenney’s First Year Latin / Primer A
Parts of Speech
Parts of Speech / Definition / ExamplesNouns / Persons, Places, Things, Ideas / “John, Jane, Roman, food, water”
Pronouns / Used to takes the place of nouns / Personal: “I, you, he/she/it // we, you all, they”
Possessive: “My, your, his, her, its”
Demonstrative: “this, that, the same, such”
Interrogative: “who?, what?, which?”
Relative: “who, what, which”
Verbs / Words used to indicate actions or being / “fight, run, play, speak, hide, see, watch, guard, were, will be”
Prepositions / Words used to link other words / “to, for, in, in, at, through”
Adverbs / Words used to modify or specify words in a sentence / “Well, recently, soon, while, quickly, fortunately”
Adjectives / Words used to describe / “beautiful, big, small, rich, poor”
Sentence Structure
Cicero walks slowly to the large building.
Noun (Subject): “Cicero”
Verb: “walks”
Adverb : “slowly”
Preposition: “to”
Article Adjective “the”
Adjective: “large”
Noun (Object): “building”
Latin Grammar
Latin is an inflected language, meaning that word endings are important in determining a given word’s function within a given context. When Latin nouns are inflected, it is called declension. When Latin verbs are inflected, it is called conjugation.
Five (5) Latin Cases:
Case / Case Function / Examples (Latin forms in parentheses)Nominative / Subject / Horatia (Horatia) goes to school.
Genitive / Limits Noun / Quintus carries Horatia’s (Horatiae) book.
Dative / Indirect Object / Give the book to Horatia! (Horatiae)
Accusative / Direct Object / Quintus sees Horatia. (Horatiam)
Ablative / Limits Verb / Scintilla sees Quintus with Horatia. (cum Horatiā)
Noun Declension: First, Second, Third Declension
Latin utilizes six (6) cases with their own word endings to determine a noun’s role in a given context. The vocative case (not listed) for direct address will be learned in future semesters.
First and Second Declension Noun Case Endings:
Case / Case Function / First Declension Singular/Plural Endings / Second Declension Singular/Plural Masculine Endings / Second Declension Singular/Plural Neuter EndingsNominative / Subject / -a // -ae / -us, -er, -ius // -ī / -um // -a
Genitive / Limits Noun / -ae // -ārum / -ī // -ōrum / -ī // -ōrum
Dative / Indirect Object / -ae // -īs / -ō // -īs / -ō // -īs
Accusative / Direct Object / -am // -ās / -um // -ōs / -um // -a
Ablative / Limits Verb / -ā // -īs / -ō // -īs / -ō // -īs
Latin Noun Vocabulary Review
Note: When memorizing Latin nouns, you must memorize them by all three (3) noun essentials:
Nominative Singular, Genitive Singular, Gender + meaning // Example: puella, puellae f. “girl”
First Declension (-ae) Nouns:
-Nouns of the first declension are primarily feminine nouns in their gender:
casa, casae f. ‘house, cottage’ (1) Dictionary Form: casa, -ae f. ‘house, cottage’ (1)
familia, familiae f. ‘family, household’ (1) Dictionary Form: familia, -ae f. ‘family, household’ (1)
agricola, agricolae m. “farmer” (1) Dictionary Form: agricola, -ae m. “farmer”
Second Declension (-i) Nouns (Masculine):
-Nouns of the second declension are primarily masculine or neuter in their gender:
cibus, cibī m. ‘food’ (2) Dictionary Form: cibus, -ī m. ‘food’
fīlius, filiī m. ‘son’ (2) Dictionary Form: fīlius, -ī m. ‘son’
ager, agrī m. ‘field’ (2) Dictionary Form: ager, -ī m. ‘field’
cedrus, cedrī f. ‘cedar tree’ (2) Dictionary Form: cedrus, -ī f. icedar tree’
Second Declension (-i) Nouns (Neuter):
caelum, caelī n. ‘sky, heaven’ (2) Dictionary Form: caelum, -ī n. ‘sky, heaven’
imperium, imperiī n. ‘order’ (2) Dictionary Form: imperium, -ī n. ‘order’
Neuter Rule: Neuter Nouns nominative AND accusative case endings are IDENTICAL.
Latin Noun Declension Practice – Primer A
Directions: Identify the declension of the noun (1st or 2nd) by the genitive singular ending and then circle the correct gender of the adjective (1st and 2nd declension) to agree with the noun. Remember the noun essentials for nouns: nominative singular, genitive singular, gender, and meaning. For example: puella, puellae f. “girl.” The word in italics (puellae) is the genitive singular. Adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number and case.
LATIN NOUNS / DECLENSION / LATIN ADJECTIVE (Circle One)Example: lanista, lanistae m. “gladiator trainer” / First (1st) / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
1. meta, metae f. “turning point, goal” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
2. puer, pueri m. “boy” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
3. incola, incolae m. “settler” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
4. hortus, horti m. “garden” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
5. pirus, piri f. “pear tree” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
6. filia, filiae f. “daughter” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
7. lupus, lupi m. “wolf” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
8. via, viae f. “way, road” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
9. fatum, fati n. “fate” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
10. poeta, poetae m. “poet” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
11. dominus, domini m. “male master” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
12. auriga, aurigae m. “charioteer” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
13. aquarius, aquarii m. “water carrier” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
14. famula, famulae f. “female servant” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
15. vir, viri m. “man” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
16. abyssus, abyssi f. “abyss, deep pit” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
17. forum, fori n. “public square” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
18. nauta, nautae m. “sailor” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
19. caelum, caeli n. “sky, heaven” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
20. fossa, fossae f. “ditch” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
21. smaragdus, smaragdi f. “emerald” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
22. patria, patriae f. “fatherland” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
23. ferrum, ferri n. “iron” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
24. campus, campi m. “plain, level space” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
25. agricola, agricolae m. “farmer” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
26. folium, folii n. “leaf” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
27. germana, germanae f. “sister” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
28. velum, veli n. “sail” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
29. humus, humi f. “earth, ground, soil” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
30. ager, agri m. “field” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
31. prunus, pruni f. “plum tree” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
32. saxum, saxi n. “rock” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
33. brabeuta, brabeutae m. “umpire, judge” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
34. dea, deae f. “goddess” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
35. verbum, verbi n. “word” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
36. annus, anni m. “year” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
37. cometes, cometae m. “comet” / 1 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
38. fluvius, fluvii m. “river” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
39. ulmus, ulmi f. “elm tree” / 2 / -us (M) -a (F) -um (N)
Latin nouns are grouped into categories known as declensions because they share the same set of case endings. You cannot mix and match declensions endings. The only way to know what declension a noun is in to know which endings to use is by the genitive singular only. To decline, go to the genitive singular ending to identify the declension. Next, drop the ending off to get the noun’s base and then from there, add the appropriate endings listed below. The case endings on a Latin noun tell us the noun’s job in a sentence.
Nominative Case = Subject (Example: The author’s book tells a story to his audience about Rome.)
Genitive Case = Possession (Example: The author’s book tells a story to his audience about Rome.)
Dative Case = Indirect Object (Example: The author’s book tells a story to his audience about Rome.)
Accusative Case = Direct Object (Example: The author’s book tells a story to his audience about Rome.)
Ablative Case = Utility Case (Example: The author’s book tells a story to his audience about Rome.)
The songs for the declensions:
1st Declension(Feminine) / 2nd Declension
(Masculine) / 2nd Declension
(Neuter)
Case / Singular / Plural / Singular / Plural / Singular / Plural
Nominative / -a / -ae / -us / -r / -i / -um / -a
Genitive / -ae / -arum / -i / -orum / -i / -um
Dative / -ae / -is / -o / -is / -o / -is
Accusative / -am / -as / -um / -os / -um / -a
Ablative / -ā / -is / -o / -is / -o / -is
First Declension = Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star
Second Declension = B.I.N.G.O.
Noun Declension Practice
Noun: fabulaNoun Essentials: fabula, fabulae f. “story”
Declension: 1st
Meaning: “story”
Case / Noun Job / Latin Noun Singular Form / English Noun Singular Meaning / Latin Noun Plural Form / English Noun Plural Meaning
Nominative / Subject (SN) / fabula / story (SN) / fabulae / stories (SN)
Genitive / Limits Noun (LN) / fabulae / of a story / fabularum / of the stories
Dative / Indirect Object (IO) / fabulae / t/f a story / fabulis / t/f the stories
Accusative / Direct Object (DO) / fabulam / story (DO) / fabulas / stories (DO)
Ablative / Utility Case / fabulā / b/w/f a story / fabulis / b/w/f the stories
Noun: amicus
Noun Essentials: amicus, amici m. “friend”
Declension: 2nd
Meaning: “friend”
Case / Noun Job / Latin Noun Singular Form / English Noun Singular Meaning / Latin Noun Plural Form / English Noun Plural Meaning
Nominative / SN / amicus / friend (SN) / amici / friends (SN)
Genitive / LN / amici / of a friend / amicorum / of friends
Dative / IO / amico / t/f a friend / amicis / t/f friends
Accusative / DO / amicum / friend (DO) / amicos / friends (DO)
Ablative / Utility / amico / b/w/f a friend / amicis / b/w/f friends
Noun: periculum
Noun Essentials: periculum, periculi n. “danger”
Declension: 2nd (Neuter)
Meaning: “danger”
Case / Noun Job / Latin Noun Singular Form / English Noun Singular Meaning / Latin Noun Plural Form / English Noun Plural Meaning
Nominative / SN / periculum / danger (SN) / pericula / dangers (SN)
Genitive / LN / periculi / of danger / periculorum / of the dangers
Dative / IO / periculo / t/f danger / periculis / t/f the dangers
Accusative / DO / periculum / danger (DO) / pericula / dangers (DO)
Ablative / Utility / periculo / b/w/f danger / periculis / b/w/f dangers
Latin Grammar Review: (Nouns/Adjectives); OLC/ Jenney’s First Year Latin
Adjectives are words that accompany nouns and modify them in size, shape, quality, texture and so forth.
Example: Cicero writes a good book. The word “good” is the adjective describing the word “book.”
In Latin, adjectives are declined like nouns and agree with the nouns they modify in: gender, number, and case.
First and Second Declension Adjectives:
-Decline like first and second declension nouns
Three types of First and Second Declension Adjectives:
bonus, bona, bonum ‘good’ Dictionary Form: bonus, -a, -um
miser, misera, miserum ‘miserable, wretched’ Dictionary Form: miser, -a, -um
sacer, sacra, sacrum ‘sacred’ Dictionary Form: sacer, -a, -um
Latin Noun and Adjective Case Endings
SINGULAR
Declension / 1st Declension / 2nd Declension / 3rd Declension / 3rd Declension (i-stem) / 4th Declension / 5th DeclensionGender / F. / M. / N. / M / F / N / M / F / N / M / N / F
Nominative / -a / -us, -er, -ir
/ -um / X / X / X / X
Genitive / -ae / -i / X / X / X / X
Dative / -ae / -o / X / X / X / X
Accusative / -am / -um / X / X / X / X
Ablative / -ā / -o / X / X / X / X
PLURAL