Dr. Egbert, Professor of Education Ph.D.; Ed. Specialist; & SPED Dir. EDUC 205 EDUC 205 Terms to Know for Chapter 1

Chapter one LEARNING OBJECTIVES

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After reading this chapter, you should be able to answer the following:

1. What is the field of child development, and what factors stimulated its expansion? (pp. 4–5)

2. How is child development typically divided into domains and periods? (pp. 5–6)

3. Provide an example of how one domain of development (physical, cognitive, or emotional/social) can

affect development in another domain. (p. 5)

4. Identify three basic issues on which theories of child development take a stand. (pp. 7–11)

5. What is meant by a stage of development? Provide your own example of stage-wise change. What stand

do stage theorists take on the issue of continuous versus discontinuous development? (pp. 7–8)

6. Anna, a high school counselor, has devised a program that integrates classroom learning with

vocational training to help adolescents "at risk" for school dropout stay in school and transition smoothly

to work life. What is Anna’s position on stability versus plasticity in development? Explain. (p. 9)

7. Describe major historical influences on theories of child development. (pp. 11–14)

8. Imagine a debate between John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau on the nature–nurture controversy.

Summarize the argument that each historical figure is likely to present. (pp. 12–13)

9. What do the ideas of Rousseau, Darwin, and Hall have in common? (p. 13)

10. What theories influenced child development research in the mid-twentieth century? (pp. 14–21)

11. What aspect of behaviorism made it attractive to critics of psychoanalytic theory? How did Piaget’s

theory respond to a major limitation of behaviorism? (pp. 17–21)

12. Although social learning theory focuses on social development and Piaget’s theory on cognitive

development, each has enhanced our understanding of other domains. Mention an additional domain

addressed by each theory. (pp. 17–21)

13. A 4-year-old becomes frightened of the dark and refuses to go to sleep at night. How would a psychoanalyst

and a behaviorist differ in their views of how this problem developed? (pp. 15–18)

14. Describe recent theoretical perspectives on child development. (pp. 21–30)

15. Identify the stand taken by each major theory on the basic issues of child development. (pp. 30–32)

· Psychoanalytic:

· Behaviorism:

· Piaget's Cognitive:

· Information Processing:

· Ethnography:

· Vygotsky's Soiocultural:

· Dynamic Systems:

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