Civics & Economics Goal 2 EOC Review
1. The Preamble of the United States Constitution states the purposes of government and is based on the belief that (2.01)
A the states have ultimate authority
B members of Congress should be appointed
C Supreme Court Justices should be elected
D the people are sovereign
2. The framers of the United States Constitution included the concepts of federalism, checks and balances, and separation of powers in the document because they (2.01)
A feared a government with unlimited power
B favored the poor over the rich
C wanted to increase the powers of the states
D hoped to expand the democratic process
3. “. . . it is the opinion of this committee that a national government ought to be established consisting of a Supreme Legislature, Judiciary, and Executive. . . .”
— Resolution submitted by Edmund Randolph,
delegate to the Constitutional Convention, 1787
In adopting this resolution, the framers of the
Constitution showed their belief in the idea of (2.01)
A judicial review
B an elastic clause
C States rights
D separation of powers
4. Which statement is an example of the system of federalism? (2.01)
A Cabinet members are appointed by the president.
B Revenue bills must begin in the House of Representatives.
C The national government coins money, but states cannot.
D The president can negotiate treaties, but the Senate has the power to ratify them.
Base your answer to question 5 on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Good Morning, Doctor
Source: John Chase, New Orleans Item,
January 17, 1938 (adapted)
5. Which constitutional principle is best illustrated by the cartoon? (2.01)
A federalism
B popular sovereignty
C judicial review
D checks and balances
6. One reason the United States Constitution is
considered a flexible document is that it (2.01)
A can be rewritten every ten years
B allows for the creation of a multiparty
political system
C gives the states the power to change federal laws
D includes the elastic clause
7. The Supreme Court has the power to (2.02)
A control the federal budget
B vote to end a tie in the Senate
C approve presidential appointments
D interpret the Constitution
8. Which governmental action illustrates the system of checks and balances? (2.03)
A a senator helping a governor solve a state
problem
B the president negotiating a trade agreement with foreign diplomats
C the Senate ratifying a peace treaty
D Congress raising taxes to pay for federal
programs
9. Which headline illustrates the use of judicial
review? (2.03)
A “Congress Passes a Civil Rights Bill”
B “Conference Committee Meets to Finalize Budget”
C “New York State’s Reapportionment Plan Ruled Unconstitutional”
D “President Signs SALT Agreement with Russia”
10. Judicial review, as practiced by the federal courts, resulted directly from (2.03)
A the decisions of colonial governors
B the Articles of Confederation
C the Bill of Rights
D a Supreme Court decision
11. During John Marshall’s years as Chief Justice (1801–1835), the Supreme Court increased its powers by (2.03)
A limiting the spread of slavery in the West
B expanding the federal supremacy clause of the Constitution
C joining the president in disputes with
Congress
D staying out of disputes between the two
political parties
12. The first amendment guarantee of freedom of speech was added to the United States
Constitution primarily because its supporters believed it was essential to (2.04)
A discourage criticism of government policies
B ensure the functioning of democracy
C limit political debate in Congress
D encourage more candidates to run for office
13. “. . . Now, one of the most essential branches of English liberty is the freedom of one’s house. A man’s house is his castle; and whilst he is quiet, he is as well guarded as a prince in his castle. . . .”
James Otis, Against the Writs of Assistance, 1761
Which provision in the Bill of Rights includes this same belief? (2.04)
A right to a fair trial
B protection against unreasonable search and seizure
C guarantee against double jeopardy
D prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment
14. The due process clause in the 5th Amendment and the right to an attorney in the 6th Amendment were designed to (2.04)
A protect freedom of expression
B assure that laws are properly enacted
C ensure fair treatment for those accused of
crimes
D provide for judicial review of laws
15. “The enumeration [listing] in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed [interpreted] to deny or disparage [weaken] others retained by the people.”
— 9th Amendment to the United States Constitution
The most likely reason this amendment was
included in the Bill of Rights was to (2.04)
A increase federal power over the people
B expand state control over individual citizens
C protect rights beyond those listed in the
Constitution
D prevent Congress from granting additional rights to individuals
16. The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the (2.04)
A Compromise of 1850
B Emancipation Proclamation of 1863
C creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865
D ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865
17. Which topic has been the focus of four different amendments to the United States Constitution? (2.04)
A voting rights
B term limits on federal officeholders
C the electoral college
D prohibition of alcoholic beverages
18. Before ratification of the 22nd amendment in
1951, most presidents served no more than two terms because of (2.04)
A a federal law
B a Supreme Court decision
C the elastic clause
D custom and tradition
19. In the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803), the Supreme Court increased its power by (2.05)
A establishing the practice of judicial review
B upholding the presidential appointment
power
C expanding the meaning of individual liberties
D declaring the principle of states’ rights
unconstitutional
20. Which constitutional principle was tested in the cases of Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka? (2.05)
A separation of powers
B popular sovereignty
C equal protection of the law
D separation of church and state
21. “We conclude that in the field of public education, the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. . . .”
— Chief Justice Earl Warren, Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
This quotation illustrates the Supreme Court’s power to (2.05)
A uphold previous decisions
B overrule state laws
C check the powers of the executive branch
D provide for educational funding
22. The decision of the Supreme Court in Korematsu v. United States (1944) upheld the power of the president during wartime to (2.05)
A ban terrorists from entering the country
B limit a group’s civil liberties
C stop mistreatment of resident legal aliens
D deport persons who work for enemy nations
23. In the Supreme Court cases New Jersey v. T.L.O. and Tinker v. Des Moines School District, the Court ruled that (2.06)
A individual student rights are more important than a safe school environment
B students can be expelled from school without a hearing
C civil liberties can be both protected and
limited in schools
D the Bill of Rights does not apply to minors
24. The police enter an individual’s home without invitation or a warrant and seize evidence to be used against the individual.
Which Supreme Court decision may be used to rule this evidence inadmissible in court? (2.06)
A Baker v. Carr
B Gideon v. Wainwright
C Mapp v. Ohio
D Roe v. Wade
25. As a result of the Supreme Court ruling in
Miranda v. Arizona (1966), a person accused of a crime is entitled to (2.06)
A a speedy trial
B reasonable bail
C a reading of his or her rights at the time of arrest
D protection against cruel or unusual punishment
26. Supreme Court decisions in Mapp v. Ohio,
Gideon v. Wainwright, and Miranda v. Arizona
affected individual liberties by (2.06)
A eliminating the poll tax as a voting requirement
B preventing the use of organized prayer in
public schools
C requiring equal pay for men and women
performing the same job
D expanding the constitutional rights of people accused of crimes
27. How did Supreme Court decisions under Chief Justice John Marshall affect government in the United States? (2.07)
A Federal power increased at the expense of
the states.
B Strict limits were placed on congressional use of the elastic clause.
C The impeachment of federal judges was
declared unconstitutional.
D State powers under the 10th Amendment
were expanded.
28. On what grounds would strict constructionists of the United States Constitution have questioned the purchase of the Louisiana Territory? (2.07)
A It violated the guarantee of states’ rights.
B The president was not specifically given the power to purchase new land.
C Congress was opposed to expansion west of the Mississippi River.
D The Constitution applied only to the original thirteen states.
29. A major criticism of the Electoral College system has been that (2.07)
A party loyalty is weakened after a presidential election
B electors frequently fail to vote for a candidate
C members of the electoral college are
appointed for life terms
D a president may be elected without receiving the majority of the popular vote
30. The constitutional basis for the separation of church and state is the (2.07)
A establishment clause of the 1st Amendment
B double jeopardy provision of the 5th
Amendment
C reserved powers of the 10th Amendment
D equal protection clause of the 14th
Amendment
31. “Lincoln Suspends Writ of Habeas Corpus”
“Supreme Court Rules for Government in Draft Resister Case”
“Relocation of Japanese Americans Upheld by Supreme Court”
These headlines illustrate that during wartime (2.07)
A the liberties of individuals can be restricted
B the role of the government in regulating the economy increases
C most Americans support participation in wars
D new job opportunities are created by
increased demand
32. Supporters of a graduated national income tax argued that it was the fairest type of tax because the (2.08)
A rate of taxation was the same for all persons
B rate of taxation increased as incomes rose
C income tax provided the most revenue for the government
D income tax replaced state and local
government taxes
33. What is the most likely result of the United States raising tariff rates on imported steel? (2.08)
A The price of consumer goods made with
American steel is lowered.
B American steel companies are protected from foreign competition.
C The quality of consumer goods made with steel is improved.
D Foreign steel companies are encouraged to buy American steel companies.
Base your answer to question 34 on the table below and on your knowledge of social studies.
Federal Debt, 1970-1988
(billions of dollars)
Year / Debt1970 / $380.9
1975 / $541.9
1980 / $909.0
1982 / $1,137.3
1984 / $1,564.6
1986 / $2,120.5
1988 / $2,601.1
1990 / $3,206.3
1992 / $4,001.8
1994 / $4,643.3
1996 / $5,181.5
1998 / $5,478.2
34. Which practice of the federal government has contributed most to the situation shown in the table? (2.08)
A taking steps to reduce growth of the gross domestic product
B raising taxes to try to reduce inflation
C spending more money than is received in revenues
D lowering taxes during election years
35. Which change within the federal government results from the census that is taken every ten years? (2.09)
A The Supreme Court gains new justices.
B Members of Congress face new term limits.
C Large states gain additional seats in the Senate.
D Some states lose or gain members in the House of Representatives.
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