Chicago Citation Style Guide
Chicago Citation Style Guide
Examples c ompiled by MCoE Libraries staff in partnership with the MCoE Directorate of Training (DOT), Combined Arms Leadership D ivision (CALD)
This guide is based on the 7th edition of A Manual for Writers , by Kate L. Turabian .
? The main pieces of information needed to cite a source are:
author date of publication volume and issue number
title city and state of publication page number or reference point
publisher editor/translator’s name depository name and location
URL access date
? Every paper requires bibliographic citations at the end of the paper. Additionally, choose either notes or parenthetical (at the end of sentences) citations. Notes can be either footnotes numbered at the bottom of the page or endnotes numbered at the end of the paper before the bibliography.
B: bibliographic citation
N1: the first time a source is cited in notes
N2: all subsequent times a source is cited in notes
P: parenthetical citation
Book :
? The main difference between a foot/end note and a bibliography entry is the use of commas and the inclusion of a page number(s) at the end of the citation.
B: Iggulden, Conn. Emperor: the Gates of Rome. London: Harper, 2011.
N 1. Conn Iggulden, Emperor: the Gates of Rome (London: Harper, 2011), 95.
N 2. Iggulden, 95.
P: (Iggulden 2011, 95).
Multiple Works by Same Author
? Alphabetize works in the bibliography with the same author by title, and substitute all uses of the author’s name after the first entry with six short dashes. Include a shortened, distinct title in the note or parenthetical citation.
B: ------. Genghis: Bones of the Hills. New York: Bantam Books, 2009.
N 1. Conn Iggulden, Genghis: Bones of the Hills (New York: Bantam Books, 2009), 4.
N 2. Iggulden, Genghis, 4.
P: (Iggulden, Genghis 2009, 4).
Multiple Aut h ors
? Put only the first author’s name in reverse format in a bibliography entry for a work with more than one author. Subsequent authors’ names are written normally.
B: Savas, Theodore P. and J. David Dameron. A Guide to the Battles of the American Revolution . New York: Savas Beatie, 2006.
N 1. Theodore P. Savas and J. David Dameron, A Guide to the Battles of the American Revolution (New York: Savas Beatie, 2006), 16.
N 2. Savas and Dameron, 16.
P: (Savas and Dameron 2006, 16).
Four or More Authors
? For a work with four or more authors, include only the first author’s name followed by “et al.” in the note and parenthetical citation. Include all the authors’ names in the bibliography entry.
B: Nix, Linda, Kelly Gonzalez, Andrea Graham, and Katie Morrison. Conducting Research Online. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.
N1: Linda Nix, et al. Conducting Research Online (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011), 497.
N2: Nix, 497.
P: (Nix et al. 2011, 497).
Multi-volume Set
? When the publisher’s location is in a lesser known city, include the state as well. Cite a translator the same as an editor, substituting “translated by” and “trans.” in the appropriate places.
B: Pope, Bradley J. Film and Film Writing. Edited by Matthew Sikes. Vol. 2. Lexington, KY: Horseman Publications, 2000.
N 1. Bradley J. Pope, Film and Film Writing , ed. Matthew Sikes, vol.2 (Lexington, KY: Horseman Publications, 2000), 107.
N 2. Pope, 107.
P: (Pope 2000, 2:107).
Essay as Part of a Larger Text (Anthology)
? Include in the bibliography entry the page number range for an essay or separately authored chapter in a larger work. Include only the cited page numbers in the note or parenthetical citation as usual.
B: Toase, F.H. “Israeli Experience of Armoured Warfare.” In Armoured Warfare , edited by J.P. Harris and F.H. Toase, 162-86. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990.
N 1. F.H. Toase, “Israeli Experience of Armoured Warfare” in Armoured Warfare, ed. J.P. Harris and F.H. Toase (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1990), 177.
N 2. Toase, 177.
P: (Toase 1990, 177).
E - book :
? Include the name of the database at the end of the citation for books read online. For books not found in a database, include the URL and access date instead. See “book on an e-reader” for citing digital books downloaded and read on an external device.
B: Hannings, Bud. Korean War: an Exhaustive Chronology. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007. Ebsco e-book.
N 1. Bud Hannings, Korean War: an Exhaustive Chronology (Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2007), 950, Ebsco e-book.
N 2. Hannings, 950.
P: (Hannings 2007, 950).
Audio Book :
? For books in formats without obvious, standardized page markers, include a time range or other reference point (e.g. “in chapter 2”) to help readers find the information.
B: Myrer, Anton. Once an Eagle. CD-ROM. Ashland, OR: Blackstone Audio, 2011.
N 1. Anton Myrer, Once an Eagle, CD-ROM (Ashland, OR: Blackstone Audio, 2011), 11:52-27:05.
N 2. Myrer, 11:52-27:05.
P: (Myrer 2011, 11:52-27:05).
Book on an E - reader :
? Because page numbers can change based on the e-reader’s settings, include an obvious reference point (e.g. “in chapter 2”) to help readers find the information.
B: McMaster, H. R. Dereliction of Duty: Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies that Led to Vietnam. New York: HarperCollins e-books, 2011.
N 1. McMaster, H. R. Dereliction of Duty : Lyndon Johnson, Robert McNamara, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the Lies that Led to Vietnam (New York: HarperCollins e-books, 2011), under “Graduated Pressure, January-March 1964.”
N 2. McMaster 2011, under “Graduated Pressure, January-March 1964.”
P: (McMaster 2011, under “Graduated Pressure, January-March 1964.”).
Article :
? Cite an online article the same as a hard copy article, but include the URL and access date at the end of the bibliography and first note entry only. See “electronic resources” for formatting.
B: Davidson-Houston, J.V. “Out of Burma with Stillwell—1942.” Cavalry Journal 53, no. 2 (March-April 1944): 32-9.
N 1. J.V. Davidson-Houston, “Out of Burma with Stillwell—1942,” Cavalry Journal 53, no. 2 (March-April 1944): 38.
N 2. Davidson-Houston, 38.
P: (Davidson-Houston 1944, 38).
Edited Article
? If there are multiple editors for an article, follow the same format as citing a book with multiple authors.
B: Teixeira, Patrick, ed. “Sniper Tactics in Operation Enduring Freedom.” Special Forces 29, no. 4 (Winter 2009): 13-9.
N1. Patrick Teixeira, ed., “Sniper Tactics in Operation Enduring Freedom,” Special Forces 29, no. 4 (Winter 2009): 14.
N2. Teixeira, 14.
P: (Teixeira 2009, 14).
Electronic Resource :
? Complete citation information is often not known for electronic resources. Cite as much information as possible following the standard format and omitting information that is not available. Include a reference point (e.g. under “Introduction”) in the note to help readers locate the information.
B: Tate, David. “Battle for COP Keating.” A Battlefield Tourist. October 9, 2009. tlefieldtourist.com/content/2009/10/09/battle-for-cop-keating/ (accessed April 13, 2012).
N1. David Tate, “Battle for COP Keating,” A Battlefield Tourist, entry posted October 9, 2009, tlefieldtourist.com/content/2009/10/09/battle-for-cop-keating/ (accessed April 13, 2012), in paragraph 3.
N2. Tate, in paragraph 3.
P: (David Tate, A Battlefield Tourist, posted October 9, 2009).
B: Central Intelligence Agency. “Angola.” World Factbook. .gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ao.html (accessed April 13, 2012).
N1. Central Intelligence Agency, “Angola,” World Factbook, .gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ao.html (accessed April 13, 2012), under “Geography.”
N2. Central Intelligence Agency, under “Geography.”
P: (Central Intelligence Agency, World Factbook, under “Geography”).
Student Paper , Thesis/Dissertation, or o ther Monograph :
? The following citation is for a monograph found online. If the monograph is located in a physical collection, cite the name of the collection, depository, and location instead of the URL and access date.
B: Hilldring, John H. “Operations in the 1st Platoon, Company K, 38th Infantry (3d Division), in the Aisne-Marne Offensive, July 20-23, 1918.” 1931-1932. Infantry School Student Papers. MCoE Libraries Digital Collection. ning.army.mil/library/content/Virtual/Donovanpapers/wwi/STUP1/HilldringJohn%20H.%20CPT.pdf (accessed June 16, 2011).
N 1. John H. Hilldring, “Operations in the 1st Platoon, Company K, 38th Infantry (3d Division), in the Aisne-Marne Offensive, July 20-23, 1918” (student paper, MCoE Libraries, 1931-1932), 14, ning.army.mil/library/content/Virtual/Donovanpapers/wwi/STUP1/HilldringJohn%20H.%20CPT.pdf (accessed June 16, 2011).
N 2. Hilldring, 14.
P: (Hilldring 1931-1932, 14).
Field Manual or other Army Publication :
? Army publications should be cited like other government documents. If a separate title and author is given, include them after the government agency and before the report number. Use the standard “Government Printing Office” as the publisher unless otherwise stated.
B: U.S. Army. T he Armored Division Brigade. Department of the Army. FM 17-30. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1961.
N1: U.S. Army, T he Armored Division Brigade, FM 17-30 (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1961), 86.
N2: Armored Division, 86.
P: (Armored Division 1961, 86).
Archival Material :
? Complete citation information is often not known for archival material. Cite as much information as possible following the standard format and omitting information that is not available. Include the name of the collection, depository, and location of the material at the end of the citation.
B: U.S. Department of the Army. Lessons Learned, 1 October-30 November 1965. Headquarters 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile). San Francisco, CA: 1966. Historical Paper Documents. MCoE Libraries Archive. Fort Benning, GA.
N 1. U.S. Department of the Army, Lessons Learned, 1 October-30 November 1965, Headquarters 1st Cavalry Division (Airmobile) (San Francisco, CA: 1966), 20, Historical Paper Documents, MCoE Libraries Archive, Fort Benning, GA.
N 2. 1st Cavalry Division, 20.
P: (1st Cavalry Division 1966, 20).
Map :
? The following citation is for a map found online. If the map is located in a physical collection, cite the name of the collection, depository, and location instead of the URL and access date.
B: United States Defense Printing Agency. “Israel-Syria Area, 1973-Syrian Attacks, 6-12 October.” Map. n.d. United States Military Academy, West Point, NY. tpoint.edu/history/SiteAssets/SitePages/Arab%20Israel/ArabIsareli11a.gif (accessed December 8, 2010).
N 1. United States Defense Printing Agency, “Israel-Syria Area, 1973-Syrian Attacks, 6-12 October,” map, n.d., United States Military Academy, West Point, NY, tpoint.edu/history/SiteAssets/SitePages/Arab%20Israel/ArabIsareli11a.gif (accessed December 8, 2010).
N 2. “Israel-Syria Area, 1973.”
P: (United States Defense Printing Agency, “Israel-Syria Area, 1973-Syrian Attacks, 6-12 October,” map, n.d., United States Military Academy, West Point, NY).
Interview :
? Include the name of collection, depository, and location of interview transcripts if available. This will usually only apply if the citation is for an interview done by someone other than the author.
B: Puckett, Ralph. Interview by Kala Rebelein. September 18, 1986. Transcript. Veterans Oral History Project. Texas Tech Vietnam Center and Archive, Lubbock, TX.
N1. Ralph Puckett, interview by Kala Rebelein, September 18, 1986, transcript, Veterans Oral History Project, Texas Tech Vietnam Center and Archive, Lubbock, TX.
N2. Puckett, interview.
P: (Puckett 1986).
B: Puckett, Ralph. Interview by author. Sioux Falls, SD. September 18, 1986.
N1. Ralph Puckett, interview by author, Sioux Falls, SD, September 18, 1986.
N2. Puckett, interview.
P: (Puckett, September 18, 1986, interview by author).
B: Puckett, Ralph. E-mail message to author. September 18, 1986.
N1. Ralph Puckett, e-mail message to author, September 18, 1986.
N 2. Puckett, interview.
P: (Puckett, September 18, 1986, e-mail message to author).
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