BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
7TH INTERNATIONAL SPONGE SYMPOSIUM
BIODIVERSITY, INNOVATION, SUSTAINABILITY
Armação dos Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
7-13 May 2006
Publicações do Museu Nacional
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Série Livros, no. 15
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Maio de 2006
6
7th International Sponge Symposium 2006
ORGANIZation
ORGANIZING INSTITUTION
Museu Nacional
Departamento de Invertebrados. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
CONVENORS
Eduardo Hajdu
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Guilherme Muricy
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Radovan Borojevic
Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
Cristiano Coutinho
Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Márcio Reis Custódio
Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo
Michelle Klautau
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Antônio Mateo Solé-Cava
Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Beatriz Mothes
Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul
Carla Maria Menegola da Silva
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia
Carla Zilberberg
Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Cecília Volkmer-Ribeiro
Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul
Cléa Beatriz Lerner
Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul
Cristiano Coutinho
Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Eduardo Hajdu
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Guilherme Muricy
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Márcio Reis Custódio
Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo
Michelle Klautau
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Radovan Borojevic
Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Roberto Gomes de Souza Berlinck
Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo
Solange Peixinho
Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia
SUPPORT COMMITTEE
Daniela Batista
Departamento de Biologia Marinha, Universidade Federal Fluminense
Fernando Coreixas de Moraes
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Leandro Campos Monteiro
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Maíra Ventura de Oliveira
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Mariana de Souza Carvalho
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Cover Design: Beatriz Waller
Photos: Porifera Brasil - http://acd.ufrj.br/labpor
SPONSORS
The Symposium is sponsored by:
CNPq
CAPES
FAPERJ
PETROBRAS
SUPPORT
ABVTUR
SAMN - Sociedade dos Amigos do Museu Nacional
EDItors
Márcio Reis Custódio
Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo
Eduardo Hajdu
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Guilherme Muricy
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
PREFACE
The International Sponge Symposium (ISS) is the main meeting about Porifera in the world, with a history almost 40 years long. From May 7 to 13, 2006, in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, the city of Búzios will be joining London (1968), Paris (1978), Woods Hole (1985), Amsterdam (1993), Brisbane (1998), and Rapallo (2002), which have already hosted this symposium in earlier editions. The Museu Nacional of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MN-UFRJ) and the Sociedade dos Amigos do Museu Nacional (SAMN) are honored to organize the seventh edition of the sponge symposium. The Museum, which is the oldest research center in Brazil, has the largest sponge collection in Latin America, with nearly 15.000 specimens.
The 7th ISS is the first international meeting of this series happening in Latin America and the largest so far, with nearly 250 participants registered, and over 300 abstracts distributed in 14 sessions: Developmental Biology, Cell Biology and Physiology, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Ecology, Systematics and Biogeography, Population and Ecological Genetics, Paleontology, Natural Products Chemistry, Porifera Collections, Human Health and Education, Special Habitats, Phylogeny and Evolution, Biotechnology and Pharmacology, and Microbiology. In this book, the abstracts are arranged by sessions and in alphabetical order of authors in each session.
It would have been impossible to organize the 7th ISS and this Book of Abstracts without the help of many people and sponsors. Our deepest acknowledgements go to the authors of the abstracts published along these pages for their scientific contribution, which is the heart of the symposium. Next, we owe much to the members of the Scientific Committee and the Chairmen of each scheduled session in the Symposium for a smooth handling of the large amount of abstracts received and all the accompanying electronic correspondence. Finally, the early positive responses by some sponsors made us confident that many more people on the different decision-taking levels of Brazil’s system for the support of scientific and technological endeavours believed on us, and of course, on sponges. We are grateful to all for their contribution to the success of the 7th ISS.
Welcome to all, and have a nice and productive symposium!
Márcio Reis Custódio, Eduardo Hajdu,
Gisele Lôbo-Hajdu & Guilherme Muricy
Editors
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Lectures 7
Porifera Collections 9
Biotechnology and Pharmacology 10
Cell Biology and Physiology 44
Developmental Biology 65
Ecology 87
Human Health and Education 147
Molecular Biology and Biochemistry 150
Natural Products Chemistry 167
Paleontology 178
Phylogeny and Evolution 183
Population and Ecological Genetics 201
Special Habitats 213
Sponge Microbiology 241
Systematics and Biogeography 263
Author Index 317
8
7th International Sponge Symposium 2006 - Lectures
Tissue homeostasis, repair and regeneration: The concept of stem cells
Lectures
Radovan Borojevic
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Av. Pau Brasil s/n. CEP 21.940-590, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
All the tissues are derived from a single cell, the zygote. The progressive differentiation of cells for specific functions and positions in tissues is frequently understood as a restrictive phenomenon. The Haeckel’s gastrea theory claims the initial segregation of ectoderm and endoderm, with a posterior generation of mesoderm, involving a subsequent restriction of cell destinies following the basal pattern of the three embryonic leaflets. A similar chronology in higher animals is frequently observed. Albeit transitions between the differentiation patterns of gene expression and behaviour, such as epithelio-mesenchymal transition, are often observed both in embryogenesis and in adult tissues, a concept of restrictions imposed by initial cell commitment and differentiation corresponding to embryonic leaflets is deeply rooted. Recent studies have widely shown that the tissue homeostasis as well as tissue capacity of growth, repair and regeneration depend upon stem cells. Resident tissue stem cells can generate various subtypes of cells belonging to their own tissue. Several recent reports have claimed transdifferentiation of tissue stem cells across the embryologic borders, but the presence of blood vessels and circulating bone-marrow-derived cells in all tissues has given alternative proposals. The bone marrow apparently harbours multipotent stem cells, able to give origin to all the other tissue cells, including those of the germinal lineage. These cells regularly circulate in blood vessels, they may be physically associated to the vessel wall structure, and they may transmigrate into the tissues involved by repair and regeneration. They may be understood thus as a systemic reserve of multipotent cells, equivalent to embryonic stem cells prior to differentiative restrictions. When necessary, they can be mobilised from bone marrow to circulation by tissue injury. They can give support to the tissues in which chronic injury, degeneration or senescence exhausted the capacity of local resident stem cells, and which require a systemic supply of new cells. Bone-marrow stem cells have thus their own function in producing all the blood cell lineages, but may be simultaneously the systemic regulators of the tissue capacity of regeneration. Such a concept has been already proposed for archaeocytes in sponges. They act normally as circulating tissue macrophages, but can function also as systemic stem cells that can grant regeneration of all the other sponge tissues, when required. Admitting that the evolutionary step from Protista to Porifera represents crossing the border between unicellular and multicellular organisms, the hierarchical organisation of the systemic and tissue stem cells systems may be understood as fundamental for understanding the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and granting the capacity for tissue repair and regeneration.
South American continental sponges: State of the art of the research
Cecília Volkmer-Ribeiro
Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul. Rua Dr. Salvador França, 1427. Bairro Jardim Botânico. Cep. 90.690-000. Porto Alegre, RS. Brazil,
The first descriptions of South American freshwater sponge species were produced in the 19th century and were based on a few specimens gathered in rivers Orinoco, Amazon and Uruguay by foreign expeditioners. The next taxonomic efforts date of the middle of the last century when Bonetto & Ezcurra started the surveying of Argentinian continental sponges and Volkmer-Ribeiro that of the brazilian ones. At that time the authors faced a confusing situation in what respected the taxonomy of the world freshwater sponges long ago splitted by Carter´s taxonomic proposals. The problem was however overcome due to the remarkable differences that the new materials presented when compared with the descriptions available for Neartic species, in particular. That way an outstanding number of new species was described which resisted the continued studies and surveyings being carried up to present time. The appearance of Penney & Racek´s 1968 comprehensive revision of the world freshwater sponges offered next a sound basis for revisional studies. The first concern at this point was to attain the best possible understanding of which characteristics appeared as thrustworth in dried preserved materials to work with. Following that purpose a genus with distribution in several continents was chosen for deep revisive study. Genus Metania Gray, 1867 was then the one elected. An array of characteristics came to light which allowed a confirmation of Gray´s feeling of the value of gemmoscleres and microscleres into genus definition and species characterization. Also out of this revisional effort the time elapsed to attain speciation was for the first time glimpsed for a group of continental sponges i. e. the Cretaceous drifting apart of the Gondwanan plates, not to speak of the resiliance value of some generic aspects of the spicules of sponges and the new evidences favoring passive mechanisms of invasion of the continental habitats. Upon this settled paradigma a continue d revisive effort was extended to all genera of South America continental sponges, allowing for a more confident redefinition of monospecific genera and the definition of new genera as well as description of new species. A quite different picture stands now of the diversity of this South American fauna as one of the richer if not the richest of the world. The species and genera are now subjected to constant checking offered by continued and extended surveyings and habitat descriptions in the continent. Such procedures are at the same time enabling and enhancing confidence in a series of applications of this taxonomic knowledge, such as the use of sponge species and assemblages into biomonitoring and habitat preservation strategies, and of spicules captured in quaternary sediments into paleoenvironmental and climatic interpretations, or of spicules present in archeological ceramics into archeological studies.
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7th International Sponge Symposium 2006 - Porifera Collections
Porifera collections around the world. A round-table status report for year 2005
Porifera Collections
Eduardo Hajdu(1*); Alexander Ereskovsky(2); John N.A. Hooper(3); Henry M. Reiswig(4); Klaus Rützler(5); Toufiek Samaai(6); Rob W.M. van Soest(7); Cecília Volkmer-Ribeiro(8); Wei Zhang(9)
(1) Dept. Invertebrados. Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, ; (2) Dept. of Embryology, Biological and Soil Sciences Faculty, St. Petersburg State University, Russia, ; (3) Centre for Biodiversity, Queensland Museum, Australia, ; (4) Dept. of Biology, University of Victoria, and Natural History Section, Royal British Columbia Museum, Canada, ; (5) Dept. of Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA, ; (6) CSIR, Environmentek, Coastal programme, South Africa, ; (7) Zoologisch Museum van de Universiteit van Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ; (8) Museu de Ciências Naturais, Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, ; (9) Marine Bioproducts Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,
A pioneering appraisal of Porifera collections was made by Shirley Stone in 1986, curator of the sponge collection housed in The Natural History Museum, London. Her efforts were primarily focused on old historical collections. Ever since, in spite of global efforts to convey biodiversity-based studies, such as on the systematics of extant species, no light has been shed on an updated database on the care status and localization of poriferan collections. Given the extensive bibliography on sponge biodiversity produced along the last decades, coupled to the fact that a vast majority of sponges needs to be worked on in the laboratory in order to be identified, one can infer that new collections have certainly been assembled, and old collections became much larger. It is the objective of this contribution to summarize the status of sponge collections around the world by the end of year 2005, by assembling a database to include the following pieces of information: 1, official name of institution; 2, abbreviation or acronym; 3, official mailing address; 3, mailing address of Porifera collection manager; 4, name and e-mail of curator in charge of Porifera by end of 2005; 5, additional staff currently working with Porifera; 6, size of collection; 7, approximate proportion of collection data already entered on a database; 8, geographical coverage (political or geographic origin os collections as a percentage of the whole collection); 9, type series housed (and major authors & any expeditions of significance); 10, fire security and climate control; 11, availability to outsiders (both physical access and potential to borow specimens by mail); and 12, prospect of expansion (including acceptance of collections made by others). Data will be presented on a national/continental size frame. The MNRJ Brazilian collection is offered here as an example. 1, Museu Nacional; 2, MNRJ; 3, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 4, E. Hajdu () & G. Muricy (); 5, one temporary tecnician; 6, 14000 catalogued specimens, 0 uncatalogued, and corresponding slide collection - nearly 70% databased; 7, 90% Brazil, 10% elsewhere (Caribbean, NE Atlantic, Mediterranean, SE Asia, SE Pacific); 8, 96 primary type specimens (24 holotypes and 72 paratypes, mainly from the work by Hajdu, Muricy et coll.), 83 schizotypes (mainly Boury-Esnault, Hentschel, Ridley & Dendy, Sollas, Van Soest), 3 syntypes and 160 microscopic preparations from type specimens, major expeditions: N.O. "Almirante Saldanha", REVIZEE; 9, manually operated fire extinguishers, large sized air conditioners to be installed in the near future; 10, available upon contact with curators, DNA access upon obtention of special permits; 11, the collection is growing nearly exponentially, construction of new building planned for the near future; and 12, possibly double in a decade, usually accepts any collections made by others.