Brinkley Chapter 12 (pp 315-337)

“Antebellum Culture and Reform” 1800-1850

Short Answer Questions:

1.  In what ways was the abolitionist movement similar to the other reform movements that arose in the mid-19th century? How was it different?

2.  American social reform movements from 1820 to 1860 were characterized by unyielding perfectionism, impatience with compromise, and distrust of established social institutions. These qualities explain the degree of success or failure of these movements in achieving their objectives. Discuss with reference to BOTH anti-slavery and ONE other reform movement of the period 1820 –1860 (for example, temperance, women’s rights, communitarianism, prison reform or educational reform).

3.  American reform movements between 1820 and 1860 reflected both optimistic and pessimistic views of human nature and society. Assess the validity of this statement in reference to reform movements of THREE of the following areas:

Education Utopian experiments

Temperance Penal Institutions

Women’s Rights

Key Terms:

Romanticism
Hudson River School
James Fenimore Cooper
Walt Whitman
Herman Melville
Edgar Allan Poe
Transcendentalists
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Civil Disobedience
Utopian Societies
Brook Farm
New Harmony
Oneida Community / Nathaniel Hawthorne
Margaret Fuller
2nd Great Awakening
Shakers
Mormons
Protestant Revivalism
Charles Grandison Finney Temperance Crusade
Phrenology
Horace Mann
Asylum Movement
Dorothea Dix
Feminism
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Lucretia Mott
Susan B. Anthony / Seneca Falls Convention
“Declaration of Sentiments”
Abolitionism
Quakers
American Colonization Society
Liberia
William Lloyd Garrison
Liberator
American Antislavery Society
Frederick Douglass
North Star
Anti-abolitionist violence
Amistad
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Harriet Beecher Stowe

Reading/Note Taking Guide:

  1. Timeline page 314-315 read these items and choose the top 6 most important developments and briefly explain why.
  2. What are the basic characteristics of the Hudson River School?
  3. pp 318-319 Outline Transcendentalism-
  4. Ralph Waldo Emerson
  5. Henry David Thoreau
  6. Role of Nature
  7. Civil Disobedience
  8. Conservation
  1. Outline the various religious developments in this period:
  2. 2nd Great Awakening
  3. Mormonism
  4. What do the Reform Movements have in common?
  5. Temperance
  6. Education
  7. Asylum reform (Dorothea Dix)
  8. Women’s Rights
  9. Why is Seneca Falls always on the AP Exam?
  10. Outline Abolitionism
  11. Early Abolitionist Movement
  12. Radicals- William Lloyd Garrison
  13. African American Abolitionists – Tubman, Truth, and Douglas
  14. Response to Abolitionists