ALEXANDER THE GREAT WORLD HISTORY NOTES
DATE: ______
The Rise of Macedonia
Ø After the ______between Athens and Sparta the two city-states just tried to control each other, and limit power.
o While fighting continues amongst them a new empire called ______is on the rise.
§ King Phillip II begins to establish his power by conquering Greece.
· Phillip is an accomplished assassin and kills off other competitors for the throne.
· He is captured by the Thebans 369-367, and learns Greek military tactics here.
o ______was the father of Alexander the Great.
§ Alexander’s mother ______dreams of an auspicious future for the child in her womb.
Phillip’s Death
Ø After Phillip’s death Alexander inherits the throne at the age of ______.
o He was taught military tactics by ______.
Ø ______! They no longer want to be ruled by Macedonians.
o ______was made example of:
§ Alexander crushed its army, and sold the people into slavery and burned the city to the ground.
Beginnings of an Empire
Ø Alexander wanted all of ______, and started a campaign after he dealt with all Greek revolts.
o He would find himself at odds with ______of Persia.
Alexander’s Army / Persian ArmyAlexander’s Major Battles
Ø Battle of Granicus River, 334 BC
o Darius III didn’t take Alexander ______, and sent a general in his stead.
§ Alexander came very close to ______in battle, but he overcame his injuries to be victorious
Ø Battle of Issus, 333 BC
o Darius III now is angered and will confront him at the Battle of ______. However, he still doesn’t take Alexander seriously, and even brings his family to the battle site.
§ Darius loses the battle and flees without his ______. Alexander captures them as prisoners of war, but treats them very well.
Ø Battle of Gaugamela, 331 BC
o Last battle against King Darius III, and Alexander succeeds in taking the whole Persian Empire.
Ø Battle of Hydaspes, 326 BC
o Towards the end of Alexander’s life, and King Poros used war-elephants during the battle. Alexander’s empire doesn’t expand much further than (modern day Pakistan).
Battle of Issus Map
Read the battle map carefully, and in your own word explain what happened.Alexander’s Famous Conquests
Ø Siege at ______
o Alexander wanted to sacrifice to the ______for his victories, but Tyrians refuse to let him into the city.
o They feared he would take over the city, so they would not let him sacrifice an offering at the temple.
§ This angers him, and he decides to conquer the island.
Alexander takes Persia
Ø Alexander is able to take Persia, and begin his ______.
o Alexander burns ______“Persian capital” to the ground.
Ø He pushes on into ______where his campaign turns ______.
o His soldiers are starting to doubt him.
Bucephalus
Ø Alexander the Greats’ ______, and he tamed the wild stallion himself.
o As the story goes the horse was afraid of its own shadow, Alexander realized this and made blinders for the horse.
Ø It died at the ______, the last battle Alexander would ever fight in.
o Alexander loved that horse, and he is heartbroken after its death in battle
Army Revolts!
Ø The soldiers are tired of ______and want to return home to see family and friends.
o Alexander tries to persuade the army to continue on, but the men are ready to return to Macedonia.
Alexander becomes sick and dies!
Ø Many have debated whether his death was intentional or natural.
o ______is a possible answer because troops were ready to return home.
o ______is another possibility because of the climate in India misquotes are present in high numbers.
No Successor for Alexander
-The Breakup of an Empire-