ANT101 – Cultural Anthropology Chapter 8 Quiz Name:
1. ____ What do mahu, kathoey, and two-spirits have in common?
a. They are eunuchs.
b. They are all individuals who are born male and female and live intersexed lives.
c. They are groups of individuals in different cultures who cross over the gender divide between male and female.
d. They are individuals in Native American cultures who are born male, but have their genitals surgically removed.
e. They are different types of rituals in which androgynous individuals perform.
2. ____ Which anthropologist was most instrumental in demonstrating that gender is a cultural construction?
a. Margaret Mead b. Victor Turner c. Clifford Geertz d. Ernestine Friedl
3. ____ In which New Guinea society did Margaret Mead find that both men and women were expected to act in ways that Americans consider “naturally feminine”?
a. Arapesh b. Tchambuli c. Mundugumor d. Samoa e. Ndembu
4. ____ Why do the Sambia practice homosexuality?
a. They believe that men cannot remain good hunters unless they are fertilized with the youthful energy of young boys.
b. They believe that young boys are not naturally fertile and cannot attain puberty without semen from others.
c. They believe that from birth boys should apprentice with other men and learn sexual relations from men, not women.
d. They believe that homosexuality instills a sense of creativity and self-fulfillment in their young boys.
e. They do not practice homosexuality; in fact, they are highly opposed to it.
5. ____ The ages at which sexual activity should begin and end are:
a. biologically determined. b. social laws. c. cultural constructions. d. natural laws.
6. ____ Peggy Sanday argues that men’s dominance is not universal and is attached to:
a. their productive duties.
b. their association with hunting and wild animals.
c. the public/private division of space.
d. ecological stress and warfare.
e. religious ideology.
7. ____ Male dominance in society is called:
a. patrilineality. b. patriarchy. c. patrilocality. d. patricentrality. e. patriotism.
8. ____ In foraging societies a most important source of women’s power is:
a. the number of children they produce. b. the size of their households.
c. the political influence that they hold. d. the amount of food they contribute.
e. their physical beauty and prowess.
9. ____ All of the following conditions tend to increase the gender inequality in society and cause women to lose significant social status except:
a. wet rice agricultural production. b. the advent of foreign aid and development programs.
c. the use of plows and mechanization in agriculture. d. involvement in the cash economy.
e. increasing numbers of children.
10. ____ Female circumcision is practiced on approximately 100 million women worldwide.
a. True b. False