8A Food & Digestion

8A Food & Digestion

8A Food & Digestion

Across

1The opening at the end of the gut. (4)

9Tiny tubes that carry blood. (11)

12Type of insoluble carbohydrate found in plants. (6)

13Liquid that flows around the body carrying various substances which are either made by the body or needed by the body. (5)

14Found in the mouth. It makes saliva. (8,5)

15A chemical that can break up large molecules. (6)

16Organ that pumps blood around the body. (5)

17Energy stored in chemicals like food. (8,6)

23Properly called a 'mineral salt' and found in food. Needed in small quantities for health (e.g. calcium). (7)

25A liquid that leaks out of capillaries carrying dissolved food and oxygen to cells. (6,5)

31Grinding tooth at the back of the mouth. (5)

32When the intestines get blocked up. (12)

34When soluble substances go through the wall of the small intestine into the blood. (8)

37Process that uses up oxygen to release energy from food. Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste gas. (11)

40All the organs of the digestive system apart from the mouth. (3)

41A group of organs that carry out digestion. (9,6)

44Labelling found on a food packet to tell you what is in the food. (9,11)

45Something that does not dissolve is said to be this. (9)

46A group of cells of the same type all doing the same job. (6)

47Substance found in food that is used for growth and repair. (7)

48Type of soluble carbohydrate such as glucose. (5)

Down

2A liquid that can dissolve other substances. (7)

3Substance found in food that is used for energy. (12)

4Tubes in which blood flows. There are capillaries, veins and arteries. (5,6)

5Small finger-like parts of the small intestine. They increase the surface area so that digested food is absorbed more quickly. (5)

6Eating a wide variety of foods to give us all the things that we need. (8,4)

7Substance found in food that is stored to be used for energy in the future. It also helps to keep heat in our bodies. (3)

8Substance found in food which cannot be used by the body. It helps to keep our intestines clean. (5)

10A digestive juice. It contains an enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar. (6)

11Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. (6)

14Organ where most digestion happens. It is about 6.5 m long in adults. (5,9)

18Substances used to make other substances out of. (3,9)

19The food that you eat. (4)

20Unit of energy used on food packets equal to 1000 J. (9)

21Blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart. (4)

22System containing the heart and blood vessels. (11,6)

24Organ containing strong acid which mixes food up and digests proteins. (7)

26Organ that takes water out of waste food. (5,9)

27A liquid containing enzymes that break down food. (9,5)

28A compound made of hydrogen and oxygen which the body uses as a solvent. (5)

29Organ that stores faeces before they are egested. (6)

30Small tube branching off the large intestine. It has no function in humans. (8)

33Substances needed in the diet to provide raw materials. (9)

35Substance found in food that is needed in small quantities for health. (7)

36Process that breaks food into soluble substances in our bodies. (9)

38When faeces are pushed out of the anus. (8)

39An enzyme found in saliva that breaks starch down into sugar. (7)

42Tube that goes from the mouth to the stomach. Sometimes called the 'food pipe' but properly called the oesophagus. (6)

43Waste food material produced by the intestines. (6)

8B Respiration

Across

1System containing the heart and blood vessels. (11,6)

6To take in, e.g. when soluble substances pass through the wall of the small intestine and into the blood. (6)

10New chemical formed in a chemical reaction. (7)

11Taking oxygen into the blood and getting rid of carbon dioxide into the lungs. Happens in the air sacs in the lungs. (3,8)

12Cells in the blood that carry oxygen. (3,5,5)

15Air that is breathed in. (7,3)

19Air that is breathed out. (7,3)

21Process that uses up oxygen to release energy from food. Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste gas. (11)

24To breathe out. (6)

25Blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart. (6)

26To breathe in. (6)

27Part of the blood. A liquid that surrounds the blood cells. (6)

28Air moving into and out of the lungs. (11)

29System containing the lungs, bronchi and trachea. (11,6)

Down

2Chemical that is used up in a chemical reaction. (8)

3Slimy substance which traps dirt and microbes and is moved out of the lungs by cilia. (5)

4A type of sugar. (7)

5The group of organs that carry out digestion. (9,6)

7Tube in the lungs that connects the windpipe to the air sacs. (8)

8It flows around the body carrying various substances which are either made by the body or needed by the body. (5)

9Process that uses up oxygen to release energy from food. Carbon dioxide is produced as a waste gas. (7,11)

13Moving muscles in order to make air flow into and out of the lungs. (9)

14The smallest blood vessels. (11)

16The natural movement of particles from a place where there are a lot of them to a place where there are fewer of them. (9)

17The liquid formed when plasma leaks out of capillaries, carrying oxygen and food to cells. (6,5)

18Small hairs on the surface of some cells. (5)

20Organ that pumps blood around the body. (5)

22The number of times you can feel your blood being pumped in one minute. (5,4)

23Windpipe. (7)

28Blood vessel that carries blood to the heart. (4)

8C Microbes & Disease

8C Microbes & Disease

Across

1Strong chemical used to kill microbes. (12)

5A high body temperature. (5)

6Making people immune to diseases. (12)

9An idea about what will happen when you change something. (10)

11Looking carefully at things and recording what you see or measure. (11)

13Your body's way of trying to keep microbes out (e.g. skin) or killing them if they get inside you (eg stomach acid). (7,8)

15Milk is heated up to 70°C for about 15 seconds which is enough to kill the most harmful bacteria in it. (14)

17A type of fungus with only one cell and therefore a microbe. They are bigger than bacteria. (5)

21A living thing. (8)

23Bacteria that are not affected by an antibiotic are said to be this. (9)

24When some processes that happen in the body do not work in the way they should. (7)

26A very small living thing. (5,8)

28A disease that can be spread from person to person or from animal to person issaid to be this. (10)

30Medicine that can kill bacteria but not viruses. (10)

32A type of microbe bigger than viruses. (9)

33Cells in the trachea which have microscopic hairs (cilia) growing from them which wave to move mucus up to the gullet to be swallowed. (8,10,4)

35The smallest type of microbe. (5)

36Weak disinfectant safe to use on human skin. (10)

37The way yeast cells divide. A new small cell (a bud) starts to grow out from another cell. (7)

Down

2The effects that a disease has on your body. (8)

3The type of anaerobic respiration carried out by yeast. It produces carbon dioxide and ethanol. (12)

4Short for micro-organism. (7)

7Small chemicals made by some white blood cells. They attach to microbes and help to destroy them. (8)

8A drug that helps the body to ease the symptoms of a disease or cure the disease. (8)

10The numbers of a certain organism found in a certain area. (10)

12A type of respiration that does not need oxygen. (9,11)

14A dry blood clot on the surface of the skin. (4)

16A type of respiration that needs oxygen. Releases energy from a sugar (glucose) and produces carbon dioxide as a waste gas. (7,11)

18Another name for the windpipe. (7)

19A type of blood cell which helps to destroy microbes. They either engulf microbes or make antibodies. (5,5,4)

20Sticky substance used to trap microbes and dust. Found in nose and trachea. (5)

22Something that stops a population growing. (8,6)

25A mixture containing microbes which normally cause disease, which have been treated so that they don't. (7)

27If you cannot get a disease you are said to be this. (6)

29Organisms which are different from animals, plants and bacteria. Examples include mushrooms and yeasts. (6)

31A scientific idea that can be tested. (6)

34When blood becomes solid. Makes a 'scab' when it is on the surface of the skin. (4)

8D Ecology

8D Ecology

Across

1A small container connected to two tubes. Used to catch tiny animals. (6)

2All the plants and animals that live in a habitat. (9)

3Vertebrate with moist skin, e.g. frog. (9)

6Process that plants use to make their own food. It needs light to work (14)

9Animal with a backbone. (10)

12A square frame, thrown randomly on the ground, which is used to sample the plants in an area. (7)

13Vertebrate with dry scales, e.g. snake. (7)

15The last animal in a food chain. (3,8)

18The features of an organism that allow it to live in its environment. (10)

20Vertebrate with hair and produces milk, e.g. human. (6)

21An animal that catches and eats other animals. (8)

27An animal that is caught and eaten by another animal. (4)

29Way of showing the numbers of different organisms in a food chain. (7,2,7)

31Invertebrate that has a body in five parts, e.g. starfish. (10)

34Grow into new plants. Made by conifers and flowering plants. (5)

35Sorting things into groups. (14)

Down

1Total number of individuals of the same species in a habitat. (10)

2Plant with needle-shaped leaves. Reproduces using seeds found in cones. (7)

3Invertebrate that has jointed legs, e.g. fly, spider. (9)

4Group of organisms that are able to produce their own food and have specialised cells. (5,7)

5The group of organisms that contains all vertebrates and invertebrates. (6,7)

7The place an organism lives in, e.g. woodland. (7)

8Animal without a backbone. (12)

10Plant organ used to take water out of the soil. (4)

11Provide a rough idea about the numbers of something or the size of something. (8)

14Sampling method used to collect small animals that live on the ground. (7,4)

16Sampling method used to collect organisms from ponds. (4,7)

17The first animal in a food chain. (7,8)

19An organism that is able to make its own food. (8)

22Thick outer covering found in arthropods. (11)

23Vertebrate with feathers, e.g. eagle. (4)

24Many food chains linked together. (4,3)

25An organism that has to eat other organisms to stay alive. (8)

26The amount of water vapour in the air. (8)

28A person who studies the environment. (9)

30Invertebrate that crawls on a fleshy pad, e.g. snail. (7)

32Vertebrate with wet scales, e.g. salmon. (4)

33Something used to carry the seeds of flowering plants. Can be fleshy or dry. (5)

8E Atoms and Elements

Across

1A combination of symbols and numbers that show how many atoms of different kinds there are in a particular compound. (8,7)

6Substances that can be split up into simpler substances. (9)

10Two or more different substances that are not joined to each other. (7)

12Table that shows all the elements. (8,5)

16Something which allows electricity to flow through it easily. (10,9)

18A metal which reacts easily with water. (7)

19Something which allows heat to flow through it easily. (4,9)

21A yellow, non-metal element. Solid at room temperature (7)

Down

2All the atoms in an element are the same. A substance that cannot be split up into anything simpler by chemical reactions. (7)

3Elements that are shiny, conduct heat and electricity well, and often have high melting and boiling points. (6)

4Elements that are not shiny, and do not conduct heat and electricity well. (3-6)

5A metal (iron, nickel or cobalt) that can be magnetised or attracted to a magnet. (8)

7Chemical name for common salt. (6,8)

8A way of writing out what happens in a chemical reaction using the letters and numbers that represent the substances involved. (6,8)

9Two or more atoms joined together. (8)

11New chemical formed in a chemical reaction. (7)

13The smallest part of an element you can get. (4)

14Soft, shiny, reactive, silver-coloured metal. (9)

15Ways of describing a substance. (10)

17Chemicals that join together to form a new substance. (9)

20A mixture of different metals. (5)

8F Compounds and Mixtures

Across

1A change where no new substances are formed. (8,6)

4Break down into simpler parts. (9)

6A combination of symbols and numbers that shows how many atoms of different kinds are in a particular molecule. (8,7)

11Permanent change. (12,6)

12Insoluble solid produced by mixing two solutions. (11)

13A substance that does not have anything else in it. (4)

16Separating a liquid from a solution by evaporating the liquid and then condensing it. (12)

17Two or more different kinds of particles that are not chemically joined to each other. (7)

18Substance that can be split up into simpler substances. (8)

19When a liquid is at its boiling point it is as hot as it can get. (7,5)

Down

2Separating dissolved solids from one another. The solids are usually coloured. (14)

3The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid. (8,5)

5Two or more atoms joined together. (8)

7When a liquid turns into a gas. (9)

8The smallest part of an element. (4)

9The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid. (7,5)

10A compound that includes oxygen. (5)

12New chemical formed in a chemical reaction. (7)

14A substance that cannot be split up into anything simpler by chemical reactions. (7)

15Force holding atoms together. (4)

8G Rocks and Weathering

Across

1Rock grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river, lake or sea. (8)

7The movement of loose and weathered rock. (7)

8When crystals fit together with no gaps between them. (12)

12When rock fragments bump into each other and wear away. (8)

13A fossil fuel made from the remains of plants. (4)

14When moving water drops rock fragments or grains. (8)

15Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived in the sea. (3)

17When rocks are worn away or broken up by physical processes such as changes in temperature. (8,10)

21Chemicals from rocks that have dissolved in water. (5)

22Pieces of a mineral with sharp edges. (8)

23Rocks can soak up water are this. (6)

24When rocks are broken up or worn away by rainwater or similar. (8,10)

Down

2Get bigger. (6)

3Fossil fuel formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that lived in the sea. (7,3)

4Tiny, rounded piece of rock. (5)

5Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical, biological or physical processes. (9)

6When rocks are worn away or broken up due to the activities of living things such as plant roots. (10,10)

9Any sign of past life that has been preserved in a rock. (7)

10A change that does not involve new chemicals such as melting or freezing. (8,6)

11The scientific word used to describe the shapes and sizes of the crystals or grains in a rock. (7)

16The chemicals that rocks are made from. (8)

18The movement of rock grains and fragments by wind or water. (9)

19Get smaller. (8)

20Two or more different kinds of mineral that are not chemically joined to each other. (7)

8H The Rock Cycle

Across

2Molten rock beneath the surface of the Earth. (5)

3An igneous rock with very tiny crystals. (6)

5A place where lava flows out of the Earth. (7)

7The movement of rock grains and fragments by wind or water. (9)

10When moving water drops rock fragments or grains. (8)

13Molten rock that runs out of volcanoes. (4)

14The part of the Earth below the crust. (6)

15All the processes which form sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks, linked together. (4,5)

19A word that means rocks which can soak up water. (6)

21A sedimentary rock made from mud. (8)

22Soft white or grey rock formed from the shells of small sea animals. (5)

24A rock formed when magma or lava cooled down and solidified. (7,4)

25Forces holding particles together. (5)

26Tiny, rounded piece of rock. (5)

27The remains of a dead animal or plant that became trapped in layers of sediment and turned into rock. (6)

Down

1Rocks that have been worn away or broken up by chemical, biological or physical processes. (9)

2A word meaning 'changed'. (11)

4A sedimentary rock made from the shells of dead sea creatures. (9)

6The solid rocks at the surface of the Earth. (5)

8An igneous rock with large crystals. (7)

9Rocks that have been formed by changing igneous or sedimentary rocks. (11,5)

11Rock formed from grains and fragments dropped on the bottom of a river, lake or sea. (11,4)

12A metamorphic rock with tiny crystals, formed from mudstone. (5)

16When layers of sediment or rock are squashed by the weight of sediment above them. (10)

17The chemicals that rocks are made from. (8)

18The tiny pieces that everything is made out of. (9)

20A sedimentary rock made from rounded grains of sand. (9)

22Piece of mineral with sharp edges. (7)

23A metamorphic rock formed from limestone. (6)

8I Heating and Cooling

Across

1A material which lets energy flow through it easily. (9)

6Get bigger. (6)

8The way heat travels through solids. (10)

9A type of wave in the electromagnetic spectrum. It can travel through transparent things and a vacuum (empty space). (8,9)

11Get smaller. (8)

13Another name for heat energy. (7,6)

14Something with a fixed shape and volume. (5)

15To give out energy. (4)

16The units for measuring temperature. (7,7)

19A material which does not let energy flow through it easily. (9)

20To take in energy. (6)

21The force caused by particles hitting a certain area. (8)

22When a solid turns into a liquid. (4)

23When a liquid turns into a gas. (9)

Down

2The transfer of heat energy by electromagnetic waves. (9)

3When a liquid is at its boiling point it is as hot as it can get. It is evaporating as fast as it can. (7,5)

4A form of energy, measured in joules. (4,6)

5A gas or a liquid. (5)

7A current created by heat causing changes in the density of a fluid. (10,7)

10A material that does not let heat energy flow through it easily. (4,9)

11When a gas turns into a liquid. (8)

12Something made of particles that are fairly close together, but attached weakly so that they can move past each other. (6)

13How hot something is, measured in °C. (11)

17Something that does not have a fixed shape or volume and is easy to squash. (3)

18The units for measuring energy. (6)

8J Magnets and Electromagnets

Across

1Tiny pieces of iron that are sometimes used to find the shape of a magnetic field. (4,7)

3A switch that is switched on and off by electricity. (5)

6One end of a magnet. (5,4)

7A switch made from two thin pieces of metal, which closes when it is in a magnetic field. (4,6)

9The iron part of a relay that moves when electricity is flowing in the solenoid (8)

12Something that can attract magnetic materials. (6)

15A magnet that keeps its magnetism - it does not depend on electricity. (9,6)

16The end of a magnet that points north if the magnet can move freely. (5,7,4)

17Two things pulling towards each other. (7)

18A coil of wire with electricity flowing in it. (13)

20A metal that is a magnetic material. (6)

21Another metal that is a magnetic material. (6)

Down

2A coil of wire. (8)

3Push away. (5)

4The place on the Earth where compasses point. (5,8,4)

5A solid bar inside an electromagnet - usually made of iron. (4)

8A straight magnet, shaped like a small bar. (3,6)

10A non-contact force. (9)

11A magnetised piece of metal that can swing around - it points north. (7)

13A mixture made mainly from iron; it is a magnetic material. (5)

14The space around a magnet where it can affect magnetic materials or other magnets. (8,5)

19A metal that is a magnetic material. (4)

8K Light

Across

4The angle between the normal and the ray of light leaving a mirror. (5,2,10)

6Angle between an incoming light ray and the normal. (5,2,9)

11A picture which forms in a mirror, or on a screen, or is made by lenses. (5)

12An imaginary line at right angles to a mirror, where a ray of light hits the mirror. (6)

13Material which light can travel through. (11)

14The colours made when two primary colours mix. (9,7)