7th formative test

  1. Where does most metabolism occur?
  2. What is the process of metabolic turnover?
  3. Why do we say that metabolism is a dual process?
  4. If the organic ‘building blocks’ of metabolism are at a low energy level, which substances are at a high energy level?
  5. Explain in your own words how we envisage the coupling of anabolic and catabolic processes.
  6. What is your definition of Mitosis?
  7. Chromosomes are a multi-super-coiled combination of ………………and…………….
  8. Imagine you are a medical scientist investigating a possible chromosomal abnormality. You start by obtaining some white cells from a patient’s blood and you set up a demonstration of the pairing of chromosomes. What is this pictorial chromosome representation called?
  9. Your research assistant tells you that red cells are much easier to obtain and that it would be more simple to obtain an answer on chromosomes that way. Explain why you reject his idea.
  10. When referring to DNA structure, we say that the ………strands of DNA run in an anti-parallel configuration. Explain why we use the term ‘anti-parallel’.
  11. Cytosine and Guanine can have 3 possible hydrogen bonds between them. Explain in your own words the atomic environment of these 3 bonds.
  12. Adenine and Thymine can have only ………hydrogen bonds between them. From your knowledge of their structures, explain why it is not possible to have ……hydrogen bonds.
  13. DNA polymerase can construct a complementary DNA strand using a single strand of DNA as a template. However, DNA polymerase cannot ‘see’ that template strand unless an enzyme called …………………………… goes into action. What does this enzyme action involve?
  14. We say that DNA replication during mitosis is ‘semi-conservative’. What do we mean by that?
  15. In the process of m-RNA formation, known as …………, which enzyme is acting?
  16. If we neglect the two sex-determining chromosomes, how many pairs of chromosomes make up the normal human genome?
  17. In the process of protein synthesis, which type of covalent bond forms between adjacent amino acids? What name has been given to the transfer of information from m-RNA to amino acid chains.
  18. Consider the DNA sequence ACT GCA GAT TTC CGA GAC TAT. This sequence suffers an UV mutation which knocks out the T of the ACT triplet. Write out the post-mutation sequence.
  19. From that sequence, predict the sequence of the resulting m-RNA strand.
  20. From that m-RNA strand, predict the anti-codons which could bind to the m-RNA codons.