5 Nitrogenous Bases

5 Nitrogenous Bases

Asg: ALL 2017Name

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Read the following statements.
Place ☑ in the appropriate column. / DNA only / RNA only / Both DNA & RNA
a) 3 different shapes: single stranded, hairpin, globular
b) Carries information directly associates with the synthesis of proteins.
c) Composed of approximately 100-200 million nucleotide base pairs
d) Composed of approximately 5,000 nucleotide base pairs
e) Composed of nucleotides.
f) Created from DNA.
g) Double stranded molecule in a helical shape.
h) Entire genome.
i) Found in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosome.
j) Has 3 different types.
k) Housed in the nucleus and unable to leave.
l) Made in the nucleus
m) Ribose is its sugar.
n) Sugar is deoxyribose.
o) Synthesized through a process called replication.
p) Synthesized through a process called transcription
q) Type of nucleic acid.
r) Double stranded polynucleotide.

5 nitrogenous bases:

  1. ______is found in…(circle: DNA / RNA / both DNA & RNA)
  2. ______is found in…(circle: DNA / RNA / both DNA & RNA)
  3. ______is found in…(circle: DNA / RNA / both DNA & RNA)
  4. ______is found in…(circle: DNA / RNA / both DNA & RNA)
  5. ______is found in…(circle: DNA / RNA / both DNA & RNA)

Multiple Choice – choose the best answer.

___1.What are the three parts of a nucleotide?

a. phosphate group, nitrogenous base, and 5-carbon lipid c. phosphate group, oxygen base, and 5-carbon sugar

b. oxygen group, nitrogenous base, and 5-carbon sugar d. phosphate group, nitrogenous base, and 5-carbon sugar

2. Chargaff’s rules states that in any sample of DNA the amounts of ______and ______are always equal and the amount of ______and ______are always equal.

___3.Which scientist(s) discovered the shape of the DNA molecule?

a. Chargaffb. Griffithc. Watson & Crick d. Hershey & Chase

___4.Which of the following is not a primary function of DNA?

  1. Build proteinsc. Control chemical processes within cells.
  2. Store and transmit genetic informationd. Control cellular activities.

___5.All of the following are true about the structure of DNA except . . .

a. The long strands of nucleotides are twisted into a double helix C. Contained, housed and protected in the nucleus.

b. Strands of DNA are wrapped around Helicase to give it its helical structure.D. Contains the genome of an organism.

___6.The bond that holds one strand of nucleotides to another strand of nucleotides.

a. ionicb. covalentc. phosphodiesterd. hydrogen

___7.A segment of DNA read: A T G G C A T T C A. Transcription would produce what complementary strand? a. U A C C G U A A G U c. T U C C G T U U G T

b. T A C C G T A A G Td. A T G G C A T T C A

___8..Which of the following is not a characteristic of RNA?

a) contains uracilc) carries protein informatione) has 3 different types

b) made at the ribosomed) a result of transcription

__9.Which of the following is not a characteristic of mRNA?

a. Synthesized in the nucleus and able to leave. C. Brings amino acid to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

b. Acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes. D. carries the information by which proteins are made.

___10.Makes up the ribosomes where proteins are made. It is the most abundant form of RNA.

a. snRPsb. rRNAc. mRNAd. tRNA

___11.RNA nucleotides in a single chain that carries genetic information to make proteins from the DNA nucleus to the ribosome.

a. snRPsb. rRNAc. mRNAd. tRNA

___12.When the making of protein begins, this molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome.

a. snRPsb. rRNAc. mRNAd. tRNA

__13.Which of the following is true regarding transcription?

a. RNA polymerase attaches to the start codon.

b. DNA polymerase adds complementary RNA nucleotides to DNA.

c. RNA nucleotides are added until RNA polymerase reaches the termination signal.

d. Pre-mRNA is the end result of transcription.

__14.Transcription produces all except…

a) DNAb) mRNAc) tRNAd) rRNA

transcription will produce…

DNA strand / T / A / C / G / A / A / C / A / T / C / C / G / G / C / A / A / C / T
mRNA
codons
TRNALSATION
(amino acids)
  1. Codon is set of 3 (can also be called a triplet) in mRNA that “code” for a specific carried by ______to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
  1. Anticodon is a set of nucleotides on ______that are complementary to the codons on mRNA. During translation, a ______bond forms between the codons and anticodons allowing the ribosome to obtain the ______brought by tRNA.
  1. ______codon signals the ribosome to start translating mRNA to build the needed polypeptide (protein).
  2. ______codon signals the ribosome that translation is finished. The ribosome will release the polypeptide (protein) which then makes it way to the ______for final processing, packaging, and shipping out.
/
A. / B.
C. / D.
E. / F.
G. / H.

Amino acid sequence:

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