3rd Nine Weeks Benchmark Study Guide

*Use your interactive notebook & textbook (see Chapters 25-1/2 of 26) to answer the questions. The Benchmark Test is scheduled for Wednesday, March 4th.

*Be familiar with the following topics:

Chapter 25

Who was?

Eleanor Roosevelt – First Lady, wife of FDR, “eyes and ears” for the President

Franklin D. Roosevelt – President of the US during the Great Depression and WWII

Dorothea Lange – Photographer during Great Depression, took pictures of migrant workers and people in the Dust Bowl

Herbert Hoover – President of the US at beginning of Great Depression, denied money to the Bonus Army, many blamed the depression on him

Oakies – people who left the Dust Bowl, manly from Oklahoma, who moved to California to find work, a term Californians used to describe dumb and lazy

What was?

The Court Packing controversy – FDR tried to increase the size of the Supreme Court to have more influence in getting New Deal relief programs passed. It did not work.

The Bonus Army – WWI vets that wanted their “bonus” check early, protested outside White House

The Brain Trust – a group of lawyers, economists, & social workers who worked with Roosevelt to develop programs to help pull the nation out of the Great Depression

CCC - Civilian Conservation Corps gave jobs to young men building public works projects

TVA - Tennessee Valley Authority built power plants and brought electricity to southern states.

SSA - Social Security Act was a New Deal program that guaranteed money for the elderly once they retired from their jobs.

Fireside Chats – Weekly radio addresses made by FDR to reassure the people during the Great Depression.

Dust Bowl – an area of the Great Plains that suffered drought and terrible conditions during the Great Depression.

Chapter 26

Who Was?

Adolf Hitler – leader of Germany during WWII

Joseph Stalin – leader of the Soviet Union during WWII

Hideki Tojo – military leader of Japan during WWII

Benito Mussolini – leader of Italy during WWII

Winston Churchill – leader of Great Britain during WWII

What was?

The Soviet-German Non-Aggressive Pact – an agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union to not fight, but to split Poland…Hitler later broke this pact.

Lend-Lease Act – The act that allows the US to sell, lend, or lease weapons to any country we feel is VITAL to the defense of America

The Axis Powers – Germany, Italy, & Japan

The Allied Powers – Great Britain, Soviet Union, and eventually the US

The Munich Conference – The meeting between Hitler and the leaders of France & Great Britain where they gave in, or APPEASED him, by allowing him to have the Sudetenland

Maginot Line – a line of concrete bunkers set up along the German border from Belgium to Switzerland

Which Country?

Invaded Poland – Germany & the Soviet Union

Used Lend-Lease – Great Britain & eventually other Allied countries

Fascist - Italy

Nazi - German

Took the Rhineland and Sudetenland - Germany