2nd semester vocab words
QUIZ #1
ABDUCTION: A MOVEMENT OF A BODY PART AWAY FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE BODY
ADDUCTION: A MOVEMENT OF A BODY PART TOWARD THE MIDLINE OF THE BODY
AMBULATION: MOVE OR WALK FROM PLACE TO PLACE
AMNESIA: LOSS OF MEMORY
ANOMALY: DEVIATION FROM THE NORM
ACUTE INJURY: AN INJURY WITH SUDDEN ONSET AND SHORT DURATION
AGONIST MUSCLES: MUSCLE DIRECTLY ENGAGED IN CONTRACTION AS RELATED TO MUSCLES THAT RELAX AT THE SAME TIME
ANOXIA: LACK OF OXYGEN
ANTAGONIST MUSCLES: MUSCLES THAT COUTNACT THE ACTION OF THE AGONIST MUSCLES
ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT: STOP EXTERNAL ROTATION OF THE KNEE
QUIZ #2
ANTEROPOSTERIOR: refers to the position of front to back
ANXIETY: a feeling of uncertainty or apprehension
APOPHYSIS: a bone outgrowth to which muscles attach
ARTHOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: Viewing the inside of a joint via the arthroscope which utilizes a small camera lens.
ARRHYTHMICAL MOVEMENT: irregular movement
ARTICLUATION: a joint
ASSUMPTION OF RISK: an individual, thought expressed or implied agreement, assume that some risk or danger will be involved in a particular undertaking.
ASYMMETRIES (BODY): a lack of symmetry of the body.
ATROPHIC NECROSIS: death of an area due to lack of circulation
AVASCULAR NECROSIS: death of an area resulting from a lack of blood supply
QUIZ #3
AVULSION: a tearing away
AXILLA: arm pit
BANDAGE: a strip of cloth or other material used to hold a dressing in place
BILATERAL: pertaining to both sides
BIOMECHANICS: branch of study that applies the laws of mechanics to living organism and biological tissues.
BIPEDAL: having two feet or moving on two feet
BULIMIA: binge-purge eating disorder
BURSA: a fibrous sac between certain tendons and the bones beneath them that acts as a cushion and allows the tendon, as it contacts and relaxes to move over the bone.
BURSITIS: inflammation of a bursa, especially those bursae located between bony prominences and a muscle or tendon, such as those of the shoulder or knee.
CALCIFIC TENDINITIS: deposition of calcium in a chronically inflamed tendon, especially the tendons of the shoulder.
QUIZ #4
CALISTHENIC: exercise involving free movement without the aid of equipment.
CATASTROPHIC INJURY: a permanent injury to the spinal cord that leave the athlete quadriplegic or paraplegic.
CHRONIC INJURY: an injury with long onset and long duration
CIRCUMDUCT: act of moving a limb such as the arm or hip in a circular motion.
CLOSED FRACTURE: fracture that does not penetrate superficial tissue
COLLAGENOUS TISSUE: the white fibrous substance composing of connective tissue
COLLISION SPORT: athletes use their bodies to deter or punish opponents
COMMISSION (legal liability): performing an act outside of an individuals legal jurisdiction
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE: a disease that may be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another.
CONCENTRIC MUSCLES CONTRACTION: refers to muscle shortening
QUIZ #5
CONDUCTION: heating by direct contact with a hot medium
CONJUNCTIVAE: mucous membrane that lines the eye
CONTACT SPORT: athletics make physical contact, but not with the intent to produce bodily injury
COUNTRCOUP BRAIN INJURY: after head is struck, brain continues to move within the skull and become injured opposite the force
CONVECTION: heating indirectly through another medium such as air or liquid
CONVERSION: heating by other forms of energy, (e.g. electricity)
CONVULSIONS: paroxysms of involuntary muscular contractions and relaxations
CORE TEMPERATURE: internal or deep body monitored by cells in the hypothalamus
CORTICOSTEROID: a steroid produced by the adrenal cortex
COUNTERIRRITANT: an agent that produces a mild inflammation and in turn acts as an analgesic when applied locally to the skin.
QUIZ #6
CREPITATION: a crackling sound heard on the movement of the ends of a broken bone.
CRYOKINETICS: cold application combined with exercise.
DEBRIDE: removal of dirt and dead tissue from a wound.
DEGENERATION: deterioration of tissue.
DIAPHRAGM: a musculomembraneous wall separating the abdomen from the thoracic cavity.
DIARTHRODIAL JOINT: ball and socket joint.
DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE: the residual pressure when the heart is between beats.
DISTAL: farthest away from a point of reference.
DORISFLEXION: bending toward the dorsum or rear, opposite of the plantar flexion.
DORSUM: the back of a body part.
DRESSING: a material, such as gauze, applied to a wound.
QUIZ #7
DURATION: length of time that an athlete works during a bout of exercises.
ECCENTRIC MUSCLE CONTRACTION: refers to muscle lengthening.
ECCHYMOSIS: black and blue skin discoloration due to hemorrhage.
ECTOPIC: located in a place different from normal.
EDEMA: swelling as a result of the collection of fluid in the connective tissue.
ELECTROLYTE: solution that is a conductor of electricity.
ELECTROTHERAPY: treating disease by electrical devices.
ENDURANCE: the ability of the body to undergo prolonged activity.
ENTRAPMENT: organ becomes compressed by nearby tissue.
EPIPHYSIS: the cartilaginous growth region of a bone.
QUIZ #8
ETIOLOGY: pertaining to the cause of a condition.
EVERSION OF THE FOOT: to turn the foot outward.
FASCIA: fibrous membrane that covers, supports, and separates muscles.
FASCIITIS: fascia inflammation.
FOOT PRONATION: combined foot movements of eversion and abduction.
FOOT SUPINATION: combined foot movements of inversion and abduction.
FREQUENCY: number of times per week that an athlete exercises.
GENU GECURVATUS: hyperextension of the knee joint.
GENU VALGUM: knock knees
GENU VARUM: bow legs.
QUIZ #9
HEMATOMA: blood tumor.
HEMOGLOBIN: coloring substance of the red blood cells.
HEMOPHILIA: hereditary blood disease in which coagulation is greatly prolonged.
HEMORRHAGE: discharge of blood.
HEMOTHORAX: bloody fluid in the pleural cavity.
HOMEOSTASIS: maintenance of a steady state in the body’s internal environment.
HYPEREXTENSION: extreme stretching out of a body part.
HYPERFLEXABILITY: flexibility beyond a joint’s normal range.
HYPERMOBILITY: mobility of a joint that is extreme.
HYPERTENSION: high blood pressure; abnormally high tension.
QUIZ #10
HYPERTONIC: having higher osmotic pressure than a compared solution.
HYPERTROPHY: enlargement of a part caused by an increase in the size of its cells.
HYPERVENTILATION: abnormally deep breathing that is prolonged, causing a depletion of carbon dioxide, a fall in blood pressure, and fainting.
HYPOALLERGENIC: low allergy producing
HYPOXIA: lack of an adequate amount of oxygen.
INJURY: an act that causes damage or hurt.
INNERVATION: nerve stimulation of a muscle.
INTENSITY: increasing the work load.
INTEROSSEOUS MEMBRANE: connective tissue membrane between bones.
INTERVERTEBRAL: between two vertebrae
QUIZ #11
INTRAMUSCLULAR BLEEDING: bleeding within a muscle.
INRAVENOUS: substances administered to a patient via a vein.
INVERSION OF THE FOOT: to turn the foot inward, inner border of the foot lifts.
IONS: electrically charged atoms.
IPSILATERAL: situated on the same side.
ISOKINETIC EXERCISE: the amount of resistance depends upon that extent of force applied by the athlete, speed is constant.
ISOMETRIC EXERCISE: type of movement that contracts a muscle without changing its length.
ISOTONIC EXERCISE: form of exercise that shortens and lengthens a muscle through a complete range of motion.
JOINT: where two bones join together.
JOINT CAPSULE: saclike structure that encloses the ends of bones in a diarthrodial joint.
QUIZ #12
KELOID: an overgrowth of collagenous scar tissue at the site of a wound.
KYPHOSIS: exaggeration of the normal thoracic spine.
LATERAL: pertaining to point of reference away from the midline of the body.
LIABILITY: the legal responsibility to perform an act in a reasonable and prudent manner.
LORDOSIS: abnormal lumbar vertebral convexity.
LUXATION: total dislocation.
MEDIAL: pertaining to point of reference closest to the midline of the body.
METATARSOPHALANGEAL JOINT: joint where the phalanges meet with the metatarsal bones.
MICROTRAUMA: small musculoskeletal traumas that are accumulative.
MUSCLE: tissue that when stimulated, contracts and produces motion.
QUIZ #13
OSTEOCHONDRITIS: fragment of cartilage and underlying bone is detached from the articular surface.
OSTEOPEROSIS: loss of the quantity of bone or atrophy of skeletal tissue.
PALPATE: to use the hands or fingers to examine.
PALPATION: feeling an injury with the fingers.
PARAPLEGIA: paralysis of lower portion of the body and both legs.
PARATHESIA: abnormal sensation such as numbness, prickling, or tingling.
PATHOLOGY: study of the nature and cause of disease.
PEDIATRICIAN: a specialist in the treatment of children’s diseases.
PERIOSTEUM: a fibrous coving of bone.
PHAGOCYTOSIS: process of ingesting microorganisms, other cells, or foreign particles, commonly by monocytes, or white blood cells.
QUIZ #14
PHALANGES: bones of the fingers and toes.
PHALANX: any one of the bones of the fingers and toes.
PLANTARFLEXION: the forepart of the foot is depressed relative to the ankle.
PLICA: fold of tissue within the body.
PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE: an exercise that maximizes the stretch reflex.
PNEUMOTHORAX: a collapse of a lung due to air in the pleural cavity.
POSTERIOR: toward the rear or back.
POSTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT: a ligament that stops internal rotation of the knee.
POWER: ability to accelerate a load, depending on the level of strength and velocity of a muscle contraction.
PRIMARY ASSESMENT: initial first aid evaluation.
QUIZ # 15
PROPHYLACTIC: pertaining to prevention, preservations, or protection
PROPHLAXIS: guarding against injury or disease
MUSCLE CONTRACTURE: abnormal shortening of muscle tissue in which there is a great deal of resistance to passive stretch.
MUSCULAR ENDURANCE: the ability to perform repetitive muscular contractions against some resistance.
MUSCULAR STRENGTH: the max force that can be applied by a muscle during a single maximal contraction.
MUSKULOSKELETAL: pertaining to muscles and the skeleton.
MYOGLOBIN: respitory pigment in muscle tissue that is an oxygen carrier.
MYOSITIS: inflammation of muscle.
NECROSIS: death of tissue.
NEGATIVE RESISTANCE: slow eccentric muscle contraction against resistance with muscle lengthening.
QUIZ #16
NEGLIGENCE: the failure to use ordinary or reasonable care.
NERVE ENTRAPMENT: a nerve that is compressed between bone or soft tissue.
NEURITIS: inflammation of a nerve.
NON-CONTACT SPORT: athletes are not involved in any physical contact.
NYSTAGMUS: a constant involuntary back and forth, up and down, or rotary movement of the eyeball.
OMISSION: person fails to perform a legal duty.
OPEN FRACTURE: overlying skin has been lacerated by protruding bone fragments.
ORTHOSIS: used in sports as an appliance or apparatus used to support, align, prevent, or correct deformities, or to improve function of a movable body part.
OSTEOARTHRITIS: a chronic disease involving joints in which there is destruction of articular cartilage and bone overgrowth.
OSTEOCHONDRAL: refers to the relationship of bone and cartilage.
QUIZ #17
OSTEOCHONDRITIS: inflammation of bone and cartilage.
PROPRIOCEPTIVE NEUROMUSCULAR FACILITATION: stretching techniques that involve alternating contractions and stretches.
PROPRIOCEPTORS: organs within the body that provide the athlete with an awareness of where the body is in space.
PROXIMAL: nearest to the point of reference.
PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL: involving the mind and the body.
PSYCHOSOMATIC: showing effects of mind-body relationship, physical disorder caused or influenced by the mind.
QUADRAPLEGIA: paralysis affecting all four limbs.
REFFERED PAIN: pain that is felt at a point of the body other than at its actual origin.
REGENERATION: repair, regrowth, or restoration of a part such as tissue.
RESIDUAL: that which remains; often used to describe a permanent condition resulting from injury or diseases.
QUIZ #18
RESORPTION: act of removal by absorption.
REVASTULARIZE: restoration of blood circulation to an injured area.
RHINITIS: inflammation of the nasal mucus lining.
ROTATION: turning around an axis in angular motion.
SCIATICA: inflammatory condition of the sciatic nerve, commonly associated with peripheral nerve root compression.
SCOLIOSIS: a lateral deviation curve of the spine.
SECONDARY ASSESMENT: follow up; a more detailed examination.
SEIZURE: a sudden attack.
SLING PSYCHOMETER: instrument for establishing the wet bulb, globe temperature index.
SPASM: a sudden, involuntary muscle contraction.
QUIZ #19
SPICA: a figure 8, with one loop larger than the other.
SPONDYLOLISTHESIS: forward slipping of a vertebral body, usually a lumbar vertebrae.
SPONDYLOLISIS: a degeneration of the vertebrae in a defect in the pars intermedia of the articular processes of the vertebrae.
STATIC STRETCHING: passively stretching an antagonistic muscle by placing it in a maximal stretch position and holding it in place.
STRETCHING: ability of a muscular contraction to exert force to remove an object or to perform work against a fixed object.
STRESS: the positive and negative forces that can disrupt the body’s equilibrium