252These Authors Contributed Equally to This Work

TITLE

Analysis of heritability and shared heritability based on genome-wide association studies for thirteen cancer types

AUTHORS

Joshua N Sampson1,†, William A Wheeler2,252, Meredith Yeager3,252, Orestis Panagiotou1,252, Zhaoming Wang3,252, Sonja I Berndt1,252, Qing Lan1,252, Christian C Abnet1,252, Laufey T Amundadottir1,252, Jonine D Figueroa1,252, Maria Teresa Landi1,252, Lisa Mirabello1,252, Sharon A Savage1,252, Philip R Taylor1,252, Immaculata De Vivo4,5,252, Katherine A McGlynn1,252, Mark P Purdue6,252, Preetha Rajaraman1,252, Hans-Olov Adami5,7, Anders Ahlbom8, Demetrius Albanes1, Maria Fernanda Amary9,10, She-Juan An11, Ulrika Andersson12, Gerald Andriole Jr13, Irene L Andrulis14,15, Emanuele Angelucci16, Stephen M Ansell17, Cecilia Arici18, Bruce K Armstrong19, Alan A Arslan20,21,22,23, Melissa A Austin24, Dalsu Baris1, Donald A Barkauskas25, Bryan A Bassig1,26, Nikolaus Becker27, Yolanda Benavente28,29, Simone Benhamou30,31, Christine Berg32, David Van Den Berg25,33, Leslie Bernstein34, Kimberly A Bertrand4,5, Brenda M Birmann4, Amanda Black1, Heiner Boeing35, Paolo Boffetta36, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault37,38,39, Paige M Bracci40, Louise Brinton1, Angela R Brooks-Wilson41,42, H Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita43,44, Laurie Burdett3, Julie Buring45,46, Mary Ann Butler47, Qiuyin Cai48,49, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin50,51, Federico Canzian52, Alfredo Carrato53, Tania Carreon47, Angela Carta18, John K C Chan54, Ellen T Chang55,56, Gee-Chen Chang57,58, I-Shou Chang59, Jiang Chang60, Jenny Chang-Claude27, Chien-Jen Chen61, Chih-Yi Chen62, Chu Chen63, Chung-Hsing Chen59, Constance Chen4,5,64, Hongyan Chen65, Kexin Chen66, Kuan-Yu Chen67, Kun-Chieh Chen58, Ying Chen68, Ying-Hsiang Chen69, Yi-Song Chen69, Yuh-Min Chen70,71, Li-Hsin Chien69, María-Dolores Chirlaque29,72, Jin Eun Choi73, Yi Young Choi73, Wong-Ho Chow1, Charles C Chung1, Jacqueline Clavel38,74, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon37,38,39, Pierluigi Cocco75, Joanne S Colt1, Eva Comperat50,51,76,77, Lucia Conde78,79, Joseph M Connors80,81, David Conti25,33, Victoria K Cortessis25,33,82, Michelle Cotterchio83,84, Wendy Cozen25,33, Simon Crouch85, Marta Crous-Bou4,5, Olivier Cussenot50,51,86, Faith G Davis87, Ti Ding88, W Ryan Diver89, Miren Dorronsoro29,90, Laure Dossus37,38,39, Eric J Duell91, Maria Grazia Ennas92, Ralph L Erickson93, Maria Feychting8, Adrienne M Flanagan9,10, Lenka Foretova94, Joseph F Fraumeni Jr1, Neal D Freedman1, Laura E Beane Freeman1, Charles Fuchs4,95, Manuela Gago-Dominguez96, Steven Gallinger15, Yu-Tang Gao97, Susan M Gapstur89, Montserrat Garcia-Closas1,98, Reina García-Closas99, Randy D Gascoyne80,100, Julie Gastier-Foster101,102, Mia M Gaudet89, J Michael Gaziano45,46,103, Carol Giffen2, Graham G Giles104,105, Edward Giovannucci4,5,64, Bengt Glimelius106,107, Michael Goggins108,109,110, Nalan Gokgoz14,15, Alisa M Goldstein1, Richard Gorlick111, Myron Gross112, Robert Grubb III13, Jian Gu113, Peng Guan114, Marc Gunter115, Huan Guo116, Thomas M Habermann17, Christopher A Haiman33, Dina Halai9,10, Goran Hallmans117, Manal Hassan118, Claudia Hattinger119, Qincheng He114, Xingzhou He120, Kathy Helzlsouer121, Brian Henderson25, Roger Henriksson12, Henrik Hjalgrim122, Judith Hoffman-Bolton121, Chancellor Hohensee63, Theodore R Holford123, Elizabeth A Holly40, Yun-Chul Hong124, Robert N Hoover1, Pamela L Horn-Ross125, GM Monawar Hosain126, H Dean Hosgood III127, Chin-Fu Hsiao69,128, Nan Hu1, Wei Hu1, Zhibin Hu129,130, Ming-Shyan Huang131, Jose-Maria Huerta72, Jen-Yu Hung131, Amy Hutchinson3, Peter D Inskip1, Rebecca D Jackson132, Eric J Jacobs89, Mazda Jenab133, Hyo-Sung Jeon134, Bu-Tian Ji1, Guangfu Jin129,130, Li Jin65, Christoffer Johansen135, Alison Johnson136, Yoo Jin Jung137, Rudolph Kaaks27, Aruna Kamineni138, Eleanor Kane85, Chang Hyun Kang137, Margaret R Karagas139, Rachel S Kelly5,140, Kay-Tee Khaw141, Christopher Kim1, Hee Nam Kim142, Jin Hee Kim143, Jun Suk Kim144, Yeul Hong Kim145, Young Tae Kim137, Young-Chul Kim146,147, Cari M Kitahara1, Alison P Klein121,148, Robert J Klein149, Manolis Kogevinas150,151,152, Takashi Kohno153, Laurence N Kolonel154, Charles Kooperberg63, Anne Kricker19, Vittorio Krogh155, Hideo Kunitoh156, Robert C Kurtz157, Sun-Seog Kweon158,159, Andrea LaCroix63, Charles Lawrence160, Fernando Lecanda161, Victor Ho Fun Lee162, Donghui Li118, Haixin Li66, Jihua Li163, Yao-Jen Li61, Yuqing Li164, Linda M Liao1, Mark Liebow17, Tracy Lightfoot85, Wei-Yen Lim68, Chien-Chung Lin165, Dongxin Lin60, Sara Lindstrom4,5, Martha S Linet1, Brian K Link166, Chenwei Liu3, Jianjun Liu167, Li Liu168, Börje Ljungberg169, Josep Lloreta29, Simonetta Di Lollo170, Daru Lu65, Eiluv Lund171, Nuria Malats172, Satu Mannisto173, Loic Le Marchand174, Neyssa Marina175, Giovanna Masala176, Giuseppe Mastrangelo177, Keitaro Matsuo178, Marc Maynadie179, James McKay133, Roberta McKean-Cowdin25, Mads Melbye122,180, Beatrice S Melin12, Dominique S Michaud181,182, Tetsuya Mitsudomi183, Alain Monnereau38,74,184, Rebecca Montalvan160, Lee E Moore1, Lotte Maxild Mortensen185,186, Alexandra Nieters187, Kari E North188,189, Anne J Novak17, Ann L Oberg190, Kenneth Offit157, In-Jae Oh146,147, Sara H Olson191, Domenico Palli176, William Pao192, In Kyu Park137, Jae Yong Park193, Kyong Hwa Park145, Ana Patiño-Garcia161, Sofia Pavanello177, Petra H M Peeters115,194,195, Reury-Perng Perng70, Ulrike Peters63, Gloria M Petersen196, Piero Picci119, Malcolm C Pike191, Stefano Porru18, Jennifer Prescott4,5, Ludmila Prokunina-Olsson1, Biyun Qian197, You-Lin Qiao198, Marco Rais75, Elio Riboli182, Jacques Riby78,79, Harvey A Risch199, Cosmeri Rizzato52, Rebecca Rodabough63, Eve Roman85, Morgan Roupret50,51,76, Avima M Ruder47, Silvia de Sanjose28,29, Ghislaine Scelo133, Alan Schned139, Fredrick Schumacher25, Kendra Schwartz200,201, Molly Schwenn202, Katia Scotlandi119, Adeline Seow68, Consol Serra203, Massimo Serra119, Howard D Sesso5,45,46, Veronica Wendy Setiawan25, Gianluca Severi104,105,204, Richard K Severson200, Tait D Shanafelt17, Hongbing Shen129,130, Wei Shen129,130, Min-Ho Shin159, Kouya Shiraishi153, Xiao-Ou Shu48,49, Afshan Siddiq182, Luis Sierrasesúmaga161, Alan Dart Loon Sihoe205, Christine F Skibola78,79, Alex Smith85, Martyn T Smith79, Melissa C Southey206, John J Spinelli207,208, Anthony Staines209, Meir Stampfer4,5,64, Marianna C Stern25,33, Victoria L Stevens89, Rachael S Stolzenberg-Solomon1, Jian Su11, Wu-Chou Su210, Malin Sund211, Jae Sook Sung212, Sook Whan Sung213, Wen Tan60, Wei Tang1, Adonina Tardón29,214, David Thomas215, Carrie A Thompson17, Lesley F Tinker63, Roberto Tirabosco10, Anne Tjønneland216, Ruth C Travis217, Dimitrios Trichopoulos5,218,219, Fang-Yu Tsai59, Ying-Huang Tsai220, Margaret Tucker1, Jenny Turner221,222, Claire M Vajdic223, Roel C H Vermeulen194,224, Danylo J Villano157, Paolo Vineis140,204, Jarmo Virtamo173, Kala Visvanathan121, Jean Wactawski-Wende225, Chaoyu Wang1, Chih-Liang Wang226, Jiu-Cun Wang65,227, Junwen Wang228,229, Fusheng Wei230, Elisabete Weiderpass7,171,231,232, George J Weiner166, Stephanie Weinstein1, Nicolas Wentzensen1, Emily White24,63, Thomas E Witzig17, Brian M Wolpin95,233, Maria Pik Wong234, Chen Wu60,235, Guoping Wu230, Junjie Wu65, Tangchun Wu116, Wei Wu114, Xifeng Wu113, Yi-Long Wu11, Jay S Wunder14,15, Yong-Bing Xiang236, Jun Xu237, Ping Xu238, Pan-Chyr Yang239, Tsung-Ying Yang58, Yuanqing Ye113, Zhihua Yin114, Jun Yokota240, Ho-Il Yoon241, Chong-Jen Yu67, Herbert Yu174, Kai Yu1, Jian-Min Yuan242, Andrew Zelenetz157, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte21,22,23, Xu-Chao Zhang11, Yawei Zhang26, Xueying Zhao65, Zhenhong Zhao65, Hong Zheng66, Tongzhang Zheng26, Wei Zheng48,49, Baosen Zhou114, Meng Zhu129,130, Mariagrazia Zucca92, Simina M Boca243,244,253, James R Cerhan245,253, Giovanni M Ferri246,253, Patricia Hartge1,253, Chao Agnes Hsiung69,253, Corrado Magnani247,253, Lucia Miligi248,253, Lindsay M Morton1,253, Karin E Smedby249,253, Lauren R Teras89,253, Joseph Vijai157,253, Sophia S Wang34,253, Paul Brennan133,253, Neil E Caporaso1,253, David J Hunter4,5,64,250,253, Peter Kraft5,251,253, Nathaniel Rothman1,253, Debra T Silverman1,253, Susan L Slager245,253, Stephen J Chanock1,254, Nilanjan Chatterjee1,254,†.

AFFILIATIONS

1Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 2Information Management Services, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. 3Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA. 4Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 5Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 6Ontario Health Study, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 7Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 8Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 9UCL Cancer Institute, London, United Kingdom. 10Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Trust, Stanmore, Middlesex, United Kingdom. 11Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. 12Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. 13Division of Urologic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. 14Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 15Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 16Hematology Unit, Ospedale Oncologico di Riferimento Regionale A. Businco, Cagliari, Italy. 17Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. 18Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. 19Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 20Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. 21Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. 22Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. 23Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA. 24Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. 25Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 26Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 27Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. 28Unit of Infections and Cancer (UNIC), Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Institut Catala d’Oncologia, IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain. 29Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. 30Institut national de la sante et de la recherche medicale, U946, Foundation Jean Dausset Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Paris, France. 31Centre National de la Receherche Scientifique, UMR8200, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France. 32Early Detection Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. 33Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, USC Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 34Department of Cancer Etiology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA. 35Department of Epidemiology, German Institute for Human Nutrition, Potsdam, Germany. 36The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. 37Inserm, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Nutrition, Hormones and Women’s Health team, F-94805, Villejuif, France. 38Université Paris Sud, UMRS 1018, F-94805, Villejuif, France. 39Institut Gustave Roussy, F-94805, Villejuif, France. 40Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA. 41Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 42Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. 43National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands. 44Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. 45Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 46Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Maryland, USA. 47Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. 48Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 49Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 50Centre de Recherche sur les Pathologies Prostatiques, Paris, France. 51UPMC Univ Paris 06, GRC n°5, ONCOTYPE-URO, Paris, France. 52Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. 53Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain. 54Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, China. 55Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA. 56Center for Epidemiology and Computational Biology, Health Sciences , Exponent, Inc., Menlo Park , California, USA. 57Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 58Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Chest Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. 59National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan. 60Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. 61Genomic Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan. 62Institute of Medicine, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. 63Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA. 64Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 65Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. 66Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China. 67Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 68Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore. 69Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan. 70Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 71Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. 72Department of Epidemiology , Murcia Regional Health Authority, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain. 73Cancer Research Center, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea. 74Environmental epidemiology of Cancer Group, Inserm, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Villejuif Cedex, France. 75Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy. 76Department of Urology , Pitié-Salpétrière, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France. 77Department of Pathology, Pitié-Salpétrière, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France. 78Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. 79Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA. 80Center for Lymphoid Cancer, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 81Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 82Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. 83Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 84Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 85Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom. 86Department of Urology , Tenon, Assistance-Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France. 87School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. 88Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China. 89Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. 90Health Department, BioDonostia Research Institute, Basque Region, Spain. 91Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain. 92Department of Biomedical Science, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy. 93Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA. 94Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute and MF MU, Brno, Czech Republic. 95Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 96Genomic Medicine Group, Galician Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Servicio Galego de Saude (SERGAS), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. 97Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, China. 98Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom. 99Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Spain. 100Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 101Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA. 102Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. 103Massachusetts Veteran's Epidemiology, Research and Information Center, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 104Cancer Epidemiology Centre, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 105Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia. 106Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 107Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 108Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 109Department of Pathology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 110Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center and Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 111Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York, USA. 112Laboratory of Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. 113Department of Epidemiology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. 114Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. 115Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. 116Institute of Occupational Medicine and Ministry of Education Key Lab for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. 117Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. 118Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. 119Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Orthopaedic Rizzoli Institute, Bologna, Italy. 120Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China. 121Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 122Department of Epidemiology Research, Division of Health Surveillance and Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. 123Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. 124Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 125Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, USA. 126New Hampshire State Cancer Registry, Concord, New Hampshire, USA. 127Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA. 128Taiwan Lung Cancer Tissue/Specimen Information Resource Center, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan. 129Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. 130Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Cancer Center, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China. 131Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. 132Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. 133International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France. 134Molecular Diagnostics and Imaging Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. 135Unit of Survivorship, The Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark. 136Vermont Cancer Registry, Burlington, Vermont, USA. 137Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 138Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA. 139Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. 140MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. 141School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom. 142Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. 143Department of Environmental Health, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 144Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 145Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 146Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-eup, Republic of Korea. 147Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. 148Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. 149Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. 150Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain. 151Municipal Institute of Medical Research, (IMIM - Hospital del Mar), Barcelona, Spain. 152National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece. 153Division of Genome Biology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan. 154The Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. 155Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy. 156Department of Medical Oncology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan. 157Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA. 158Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-eup, Republic of Korea. 159Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea. 160Westat, Rockville, Maryland, USA. 161Department Of Pediatrics, University Clinic of Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. 162Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. 163Qujing Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Sanjiangdadao, Qujing, China. 164Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California, USA. 165Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Medical College and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. 166Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. 167Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore. 168Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. 169Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. 170Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, Section of Anatomo-Pathology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. 171Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. 172Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain. 173Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. 174Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. 175Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA. 176Molecular