2018 Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament - Round 6
Tossups
1) Clarence Lexow sponsored one investigation of this organization in the 1890s. One member of this organization, Michael Dowd, spent over 12 years in prison for running a racketeering and narcotics ring in it. Corrupt officials in this organization were divided into “meat eaters” and “grass eaters” by the Knapp Commission, whose creation was spurred by the shooting of (*) Frank Serpico. This agency’s chokehold policy led to the death of Eric Garner in 2014, while 23 officers from this organization lost their lives on 9/11. For ten points, name this law enforcement organization tasked with defending America’s largest city.
ANSWER:New York Police Department (accept NYPD)
2) This poet states, “Still it would be marvelous / to terrify a law clerk with a cut lily, / or kill a nun with a blow on the ear” in a poem titled “Walking Around.” In another poem by this poet, he addresses the title entity as “the only / true / machine / of the sea: unflawed, / undefiled.” That poem is part of this poet’s (*)Elemental Odes. Another poem by this author states that “it is the hour of departure.” That poem appears in a collection containing the lines, “In you everything sank” and “Tonight I can write the saddest lines.” For ten points, name this Chilean poet of Canto General and Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.
ANSWER: Pablo Neruda
3) This man received a signet ring that gave him control over demons and genies. This man settled a debate over whether a man with two heads would be counted as two men or one, and tradition holds that he wrote the Book of Proverbs and the Song of Songs. This man built the First (*)Temple and settled a dispute between two women who both claimed to be the mother of a baby by offering to cut the child in half. For 10 points, name this wisest king of Israel who succeeded David and was visited by the Queen of Sheba.
ANSWER: Solomon
4) This man covered his camels with hay and set them on fire to scare the elephants of an opposing army. This enemy of the Tughlaq Dynasty seized Smyrna from the Knights Hospitallers and crushed the Golden Horde at the Battle of the Terek River. In 1402, this general sparked the Ottoman Interregnum after defeating and capturing (*) Bayezid the Thunderbolt. This man ruled his empire from Samarkand and allegedly constructed pyramids of human skulls following many of his victories. For ten points, name this prolific 14th century conqueror with walked with a limp.
ANSWER: Tamerlane
5) In a poem about this historical event titled Todesfuge, the poet compares the “Golden haired Margareta” with the “ashen haired Shulamith” and describes Death as a “gang-boss aus Deutschland.” That poem’s poet, Paul Celan, used inverted syntax and vocabulary. The first graphic novel to win a Pulitzer Prize is a postmodern, (*) anthropomorphic rendering of its author’s father’s experiences during this event; that graphic novel is Maus. A 1990 children’s book about this event takes its title from Psalms 147:4; that book is Number the Stars. For ten points, name this event that is detailed in Elie Wiesel’s “deposition” Night.
ANSWER: the Holocaust
6) The conjugate form of this quantity is equal to the partial derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to q dot. In quantum mechanics, the canonical commutation relation between position and this variable is i h-bar. In three-dimensional quantum mechanics, this quantity’s operator is negative i(*) h-bar times the gradient operator. The total energy of a free particle is this quantity squared divided by 2 times the mass. For massless particles, special relativity defines this quantity as the energy divided by the speed of light. For ten points, name this quantity, whose time derivative is force and in mechanics is equal to mass times velocity.
ANSWER: momentum
7) This man helped to develop sequential sampling while working at Columbia during World War Two. This man explored the financial impact of professional licensing, and this founder of EdChoice penned one famous text with his wife Rose. This advisor to Ronald Reagan reevaluated the consumption function in his permanent (*)income hypothesis and used his theory of a natural rate of unemployment to predict stagflation. With Anna Schwartz, this Nobel prize-winner wrote AMonetary History of the United States. For ten points, name this monetarist economist and author of Capitalism and Freedom who founded the Chicago school.
ANSWER: MiltonFriedman
8) One step of a catalytic cycle partially named for this man is the Fenton reaction. That reaction generates hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, and is also named for Joshua Weiss. This man names a cycle used with Hess’s law to calculate (*) lattice energies of ionic solids, which was developed with Max Born. Gerhard Ertl mapped out detailed mechanisms of a process named for this chemist, which involves three additions of hydrogen and the breaking of a triple bond. For 10 points, name this German chemist who invented an ammonia-creating process improved on by Carl Bosch.
ANSWER: Fritz Haber (accept Joshua Weiss before mention)
9) This man received criticism for playing poker on his phone during a 2013 briefing on Syria. This man survived scandal as a member of the Keating Five and bested Kelli Ward in a 2016 primary. In reference to the six years this politician spent as a POW, Republican candidate Donald Trump said “I like people who (*)weren’t captured.” In July 2017, this noted “maverick” was diagnosed with an aggressive brain tumor and dramatically showed a thumbs-down to end efforts to repeal Obamacare. For ten points, name this senior senator from Arizona and 2008 Republican presidential nominee.
ANSWER: JohnMcCain
10) One symphony of this number contains an “old-fashioned” movement that constantly switches between 4/8 and 3/8 time while offstage cowbells are heard throughout. Another work of this number opens with a solo bassoon theme marked by 6 Ps. In that symphony, the “Allegro con grazia” movement is a dance in (*) 5/4 time usually described as a “limping waltz”. Two clarinets represent cuckoos, while a flute depicts a nightingale in a symphony of this number during a movement entitled “Scene by the Brook”. For 10 points, name this symphony number shared by Tchaikovsky’s Pathetique, Mahler's Tragic, and Beethoven’s Pastoral.
ANSWER: Sixth Symphony
HALFTIME
11) A test for the severity of this condition was created by A. Thomas McLellan. This condition is associated with the genetic overexpression of delta-FosB in the D1-type medium spiny neurons. This condition also results from the repeated activation of the nucleus accumbens by the ventral tegmental. An explanation for the tendency to this condition looks at associated (*) personality traits and modes of thinking. The only behavioral form of this condition recognized by the DSM-5 is gambling. For ten points name this disorder of the brain’s reward system, a dependency on pleasure-inducing substances.
ANSWER: addiction
12) In one of this artist’s works, a man asleep at his desk is surrounded by owls and bats. The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters is a print in his series entitled “Los Caprichos”. Another series of prints by this artist includes plates depicting scenes of a man about to behead another and a priest garroted for owning a knife. The first of this man’s (*) “Disasters of War” series depicts a man about to be executed by firing squad and is reminiscent of his most famous work which depicts a moment in the Peninsular War. For 10 points, name this Spanish painter of The Third of May, 1808.
ANSWER: FranciscoGoya
13) During one of this man’s campaigns, his wife and three children died in a house fire. With the support of Teddy Roosevelt, this man skipped over 835 more senior officers to become a general, and he earned his colorful nickname through serving with a regiment of Buffalo Soldiers. After the Battle of Columbus, (*)Woodrow Wilson tapped this general to defeat Pancho Villa. In another conflict, this man refused to merge his forces with Allied troops and became the first U.S. General of the Armies. For ten points, name this commander who led American troops in World War One.
ANSWER: JohnPershing
14) A poem about the founder of this organization says that he “led boldly with the big bass drum” and repeats the line “are you washed in the blood of the lamb?” In addition to that poem by Vachel Lindsay about its founder entering into Heaven, another work about a member of this organization sees her mother Lady Britomart reconnect with her estranged husband, the munitions manufacturer Andrew (*) Undershaft, who then tries to “buy” this organization by giving a large donation. For 10 points, name this organization to which General William Booth and Major Barbara belonged, a religious group with ranks like the military.
ANSWER: Salvation Army
15) EeroAarnio designed two of these objects, a suspended “Bubble” and a futuristic “Ball.” Lilly Reich and Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe designed their modernist “Barcelona” one of these objects with chrome on a steel frame. Frank Gehry used corrugated cardboard to create his “Wiggle” version of this object as part of his “Easy Edges” series. Eero Saarinen initially used a one-piece fiberglass design for his (*)“Tulip” version of this piece of furniture. The “Adirondack” version of this furniture uses wooden slats and is intended for outdoor use. For 10 points, name this type of furniture that has "Arm" and "Rocking" varieties.
ANSWER: chairs
16) Two incarnations of this deity are Pashipati and Kalamata. This god’s attendants are called the Ganas, and in his female form Mohini, this god tricked Bhasmasura into killing himself by placing his hand on his own head. This god tramples the dwarf Apasmara as the eternal dancer (*) Nataraja. This god cut off one of Brahma’s heads, and five is a sacred number to him because of his five mantras. This god’s wife Parvati forced him to put an elephant’s head on his son Ganesha. For 10 points, name this Hindu destroyer god who makes up the Trimurti with Vishnu and Brahma.
ANSWER:Shiva(prompt on “Nataraja” before mention)
17) A disastrous invasion of Portugal during this conflict was termed “The Fantastic War.” This war was partially ended by the Treaty of St. Petersburg, also known as the “Miracle of the House of Brandenburg.” The geopolitical landscape of this conflict was shaped by the (*) Diplomatic Revolution of 1756, which included a controversial alliance between France and Austria. William Pitt the Elder led Britain during this conflict, which saw the death of James Wolfe at the Battle of Quebec. For ten points, name this major European war known in North America as the French and Indian War.
ANSWER:Seven Years’ War
18) Wind Cave National Park can be found north of Hot Springs in this state. This state is home to the iconic Corn Palace as well as the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. Calamity Jane and Wild Bill Hickok are buried in the former boom town of (*) Deadwood in this state where in 1874 gold was found in the Black Hills. This state’s most famous attraction is the site of a chase scene in North by Northwest and was sculpted by Gutzon Borglum. For ten points, name this Plains state with capital at Pierre which contains Mt. Rushmore.
ANSWER: South Dakota
19) The “anorogenic” type of this rock occurs in the Koettlitz Glacier Alkaline Province in Antarctica, while the M-type is created through fractional crystallization. Endoskarn alteration can cause this rock and pegmatite to form Greisen. This rock is classified as I-type or S-type, depending on its sodium content, by the (*) Chappell and White system. Batholiths like the Half-Dome are created from this rock, whose extrusive equivalent is rhyolite. This rock is phaneritic, or coarse-grained, and contains quartz and feldspar. For 10 points, name this light-colored igneous rock that makes up the continental crust and can be white, gray, or pink.
ANSWER: granite
20) In this novel, a character goes to Bettsbridge to see a new doctor. The climactic event of this novel is inspired by an anecdote about Ned Hale and Ruth Varnum. A girl in this novel with a cherry-colored scarf refuses the offer of a ride from a young man named Denis Eady. In this novel, a cat shatters (*) Zenobia’s favoritepickle dish, but the main character manages to piece it back together. This novel’s story within a story ends with the title character and his lover attempting suicide by running a sled into an elm tree. For ten points, name this novel about the title character’s affair with Mattie Silver, by Edith Wharton.
ANSWER: Ethan Frome
Bonuses
1) The mycelium of this kingdom of organisms consists of hyphae. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this kingdom that includes yeast and mushrooms.
ANSWER: Fungi (accept fungus)
[10] This is the symbiotic relationship between fungi and algae or cyanobacteria. It is frequently found on rocks and tree bark.
ANSWER: lichen
[10] This structure in parasitic fungi penetrates the host organism’s tissue to absorb nutrients.
ANSWER: haustorium (accept haustoria)
2) Some members of this religious branch await the reemergence of Mahdi and the start of the Occultation. For ten points each:
[10] Name this branch of Islam practiced predominantly in Iraq and Iran and often contrasted with Sunni Islam.
ANSWER: Shia Islam
[10] Shi’ites view this cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad to be the prophet’s rightful successor. In 661, this man was murdered in the Grand Mosque of Kufa.
ANSWER: Ali
[10] Ali was married to this youngest daughter of Muhammed. Descendants of this woman are known as sayyids, and a Shia caliphate based in Egypt was named for her.
ANSWER: Fatimah
3) This man purged communist members of his army in the 1926 Canton Coup. For ten points each:
[10] Name this Chinese leader and protégé of Sun Yat-Sen. His kidnapping in the Xi’an Incident led to a united Chinese front against the Japanese in World War Two.
ANSWER: Chiang Kai-Shek
[10] Following World War Two and his defeat in the Chinese Civil War, Chiang and his supporters fled to this island and established a separate authoritarian government. This island was formerly known as Formosa.
ANSWER: Taiwan
[10] During his time in Taiwan and mainland China, Chiang led this nationalist political party. Today, it is still one of Taiwan’s major parties.
ANSWER: Kuomintang(accept Guomindang, orKMT, or GMD)
4) The namesake “spots” of this body were rare during the Maunder Minimum. For 10 points each:
[10] Name this star, the closest to Earth.
ANSWER: the Sun
[10] This is the outermost region of the Sun’s atmosphere. During a solar eclipse, prominences and this part of the Sun can be seen by the naked eye.
ANSWER: corona
[10] This layer of the Sun’s atmosphere is located below the corona and the solar transition region. During eclipses, it appears a pinkish red color.
ANSWER: chromosphere
5) In this novel, the death of the horse, Prince, prompts the protagonist to try to claim kin to people she is not actually related to. For ten points each:
[10] Name this novel whose title character of illustrious heritage falls in love with Angel Clare.
ANSWER: Tess of the D'Urbervilles
[10] This author of Far From the Madding Crowd wrote Tess of the D'Urbervilles.
ANSWER: Thomas Hardy
[10] This is the name that Tess gives to her son, the child of her rape by Alec.
ANSWER: Sorrow
6) Much of the anger preceding these events surfaced during the Sleepy Lagoon murder trial. For ten points each:
[10] Name these 1943 riots in which white American GIs targeted Latino men for wearing a certain style of fabric-heavy clothing.
ANSWER: Zoot Suit Riots
[10] The Zoot Suit Riots occurred in this city, the largest in California. 22 years later, the Watts Riots similarly led to violence and destruction in this city.
ANSWER: Los Angeles (accept LA)
[10] Rioting returned to LA in 1992 in response to the police beating of this man and the acquittal of his attackers. Amidst the riots, this man asked “can we all just get along?”
ANSWER: Rodney King
7) London is home to many works of iconic architecture. For ten points each:
[10] With the exception Westminster Abbey and a few other landmarks, most of London dates from after this destructive event from 1666. After this event, Christopher Wren helped to rebuild much of the city.
ANSWER: Great Fire of London
[10] Wren’s masterpiece is this Anglican cathedral which sits atop Ludgate Hill in London. This domed church survived extensive damage during the Blitz and contains the remains of Admiral Nelson.