2015-2016AP Chemistry: Chapter 5 Study GuideL. O’Reilly
Pressure
I can:
Convert between the different units of pressure given pressure value in another unit.
Define pressure as Force/Area.
Calculate the pressure of a gas in a manometer, given atmospheric pressure and height differences between the gas side and atmospheric side of a manometer.
Gas Properties
I can:
Discuss the relative strength of intermolecular forces that exist between gas particles in comparison to particles in liquid or solid states of matter.
Explain why gases are easily compressed.
Calculate the partial pressure(s) of gas(es) using mole fractions and total pressure (Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure).
Apply Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure to problems where a gas is collected under water.
Use the mathematical equations of KE, root mean square velocity and Graham’s Law to calculate given quantities for a gas or to compare one gas to another.
Interpret graphical representations of gases (Kinetic energy, Real gases) and predict how that representation will a) change given new temperature or pressure conditions and b) comparing two different gases.
Define and explain what the processes called diffusion and effusion are.
Draw particle diagrams of gases based on given situations.
Use principles of stoichiometry and law of conservation of matter in equations with gases.
The Gas Laws of Boyle, Charles and Avogadro
I can:
Predict the behavior of an ideal gas using the laws of Boyle, Charles and Avogadro.
Recognize or draw the expected graphical relationships for each of the three laws.
Use given values to solve quantitative problems related to these gas laws.
Ideal Gases and The Ideal Gas Law
I can:
State the postulates of the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT).
Use the postulates of the KMT to help explain which relative temperature and pressure conditions would make a gas behave ideally.
Use the KMT to explain why one gas would behave more ideally than another
Use the van der Waal model to explain corrections to the ideal gas law (what factors are taken into account?)
Recall what temperature and pressure conditions are considered to be “STP”
Mathematically solve for any one variable in the ideal gas law equation if given all other variables
Use the ideal gas law to solve for molar mass or density of a gas.