13 - Therapies
1.Define psychotherapy.
2. Describe each of the following approaches to therapy:
a. individual therapyb. group therapyc. insight therapy
d. action therapye. directive therapyf. nondirective therapy
g. timelimited therapyh. supportive therapy
3. Discuss what a person can expect as possible outcomes from psychotherapy.
4.Describe the elements of positive mental health.
5. Briefly describe the history of the treatment of psychological problems, including in your description trepanning, demonology, exorcism, ergotism, and Pinel.
6. Explain why the first formal psychotherapy was developed.
7. List the four basic techniques used in psychoanalysis and explain their purpose.
8. Name and describe the therapy that is frequently used today instead of psychoanalysis. Describe the criticism that helped prompt the switch.
9. Contrast clientcentered (humanistic) therapy and psychoanalysis.
10. Describe clientcentered therapy including the four conditions that should be maintained for successful therapy.
11. Explain the approach of existential therapy and compare and contrast it with clientcentered therapy.
12. Briefly describe Gestalt therapy.
13. Discuss the limitations of media phonein psychologists and describe what the APA recommends should be the extent of their activities.
14. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of telephone therapy, cybertherapy, and videoconferencing therapy.
15. Contrast behavior therapy with insight therapies.
16. Define behavior modification and state its basic assumption.
17. Explain the relationship of aversion therapy to classical conditioning.
18. Describe aversion therapy and explain how it can be used to stop smoking and drinking.
19. Explain how use of a hierarchy, reciprocal inhibition, and relaxation are combined to produce systematic desensitization.
20. State for what desensitization is used and give an example of desensitization therapy and vicarious desensitization therapy.
21. Explain how virtual reality exposure may be used to treat phobias. Very briefly describe eyemovement desensitization and the results of studies of EMDR.
22. List and briefly describe the seven operant principles most frequently used by behavior therapists.
23. Explain how non-reward and time out can be used to bring about extinction of a maladaptive behavior.
24. Describe a token economy including its advantages and possible disadvantages. Include the terms token and target behavior in your description.
25. Describe what sets cognitive therapists apart from behavior therapists.
26. List and describe three thinking errors which underlie depression and explain what can be done to correct such thinking.
27. Describe the effectiveness of cognitive therapy for depression.
28. Describe rationalemotive behavior therapy. List the three core ideas, which serve as the basis of most irrational beliefs.
29. Describe the advantages of group therapy.
30. Briefly describe each of the following group therapies:
a. psychodrama (include role-playing, role reversal, and mirror technique)
b. family therapy
c. group awareness training (include sensitivity groups, encounter groups, and large group
awareness training)
31. Evaluate the effectiveness of encounter groups and sensitivity groups. Include the concept of the therapy placebo effect.
32. Discuss the effectiveness of psychotherapy. Describe the rate at which doses of therapy help people improve.
33. List the eight goals of psychotherapy, and state the four means used to accomplish the goals.
34.Discuss the future of psychotherapy.
35. List and briefly describe the nine points or tips, which can help a person when counseling a friend.
36. Explain what the phrase “culturally skilled counselor” means.
37. List the three main types of somatic therapy.
38. Define pharmacotherapy and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of pharmacotherapy in the treatment of disorders.
39. List the three major classes of drugs used in pharmacotherapy, including their effects and the types of disorders for which they are each most useful.
40. Describe the risk-benefit controversy for drugs such as Clozaril and Risperdal.
41. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of electroconvulsive therapy. Include a discussion of how the ECT debate is resolved.
42.Define psychosurgery. Discuss its use today.
43.Discuss mental hospitalization. What are the advantages and disadvantages? Define partial hospitalization.
44.Briefly discuss the results of deinstitutionalization. Include in your discussion a description of half-way houses.
45.Describe community mental health centers. What are their goals and how well have they met them?
46.Define covert sensitization, thought stopping, covert reinforcement, and self-directed desensitization.
47.Discuss guidelines for when one should seek professional help. Include a discussion of how to locate a therapist and how to evaluate your therapist.
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