2. at Luke with Toc

2. AT LUKE WITH TOC

LUKE BACKGROUND

LUKE 1V1-25

LUKE 1V26-56

LUKE 1V57-80

LUKE 2V1-21

LUKE 2V22-52

LUKE 3V1-22

LUKE 3V23-38

LUKE 4V1-30

LUKE 4V31-44

LUKE 5V1-26

LUKE 5V27-39

LUKE 6V1-26

LUKE 6V27-49

LUKE 7V1-35

LUKE 7V36-50

LUKE 8V1-25

LUKE 8V26-56

LUKE 9V1-27

LUKE 9V28-45

LUKE 9V46-62

LUKE 10V1-24

LUKE 10V25-42

LUKE 11V1-23

LUKE 11V24-54

LUKE 12V1-34

LUKE 12V35-59

LUKE 13V1-21

LUKE 13V21-35

LUKE 14V1-24

LUKE 14V25-35

LUKE 15V1-10

LUKE 15V11-32

LUKE 16V1-17

LUKE 16V18-31

LUKE 17V1-19

LUKE 17V20-37

LUKE 18V1-17

LUKE 18V18-43

LUKE 19V1-27

LUKE 19V28-48

LUKE 20V1-26

LUKE 20V27-47

LUKE 21V1-19

LUKE 21V20-38

LUKE 22V1-23

LUKE 22V24-46

LUKE 22V47-71

23V1-25

LUKE 23V26-56

LUKE 24V1-35

LUKE 24V36-53

LUKE AT COMMENTARY

LUKE BACKGROUND

Time: AD 60-61 (10th)

Stats: 24 chapters/1 151 verses/25 944 words/165 questions/9 OT prophecies/54 new prophecies/930 verses of history/118 verses of fulfilled and 103 verses of unfulfilled prophecy/2 distinct messages from God (3:22 and 9:35)

Key People:

Jesus—the Son of Man who lived a perfect life to reconcile sinful men and women to God (1:26–24:53)

Elizabeth—godly wife of Zechariah and mother of John the Baptist (1:5–60)

Zechariah—Jewish priest and father of John the Baptist (1:4–79)

John the Baptist—prophet and forerunner who announced the coming of Christ (1:13–80; 3:2–9:9)

Mary—the virgin mother of Jesus (1:26–2:51)

The twelve disciples—Simon Peter, Andrew, James, John, Philip, Bartho-lomew, Thomas, Matthew, James (son of Alphaeus), Thaddaeus, Simon, Judas Iscariot; twelve men chosen by Jesus to aid His ministry on earth (1:2; 5:30–12:55; 16:1–24:53)

Herod the tetrarch—son of Herod the Great; had John the Baptist executed and participated in the trials of Jesus (3:1–20; 9:7–9; 23:6–16)

Pilate—Roman governor who ordered the crucifixion of Jesus in place of Barabbas (3:1; 13:1; 23:1–52)

Mary Magdalene—devoted follower of Jesus; first person to see Jesus after His resurrection (8:2; 24:10)

Key Term: “Savior” The saving activity of Jesus, both in his ministry and in his death, is the focus of this book. Because his mission was to save others he was unable to save himself (23:35).

Key Words:

Baptize: Greek baptizo—3:7, 16, 12, 21; 7:29, 30; 12:50—literally, “to dip” or “to immerse.” People came to John to be immersed by him in the Jordan River. The baptism of Gentile proselytes to Judaism was common to the Jews, but this kind of baptism for Jews was new and strange to them. John called them to be baptized as a public renunciation of their old way of life. Their baptism also symbolized the preparation of their hearts for the coming of the Messiah. Paul connected baptism with the believers’ identification with Christ. Just as a cloth soaked in dye absorbs the color of the dye, so a person immersed in Christ should take on the nature of Christ.

Mammon: Greek mamonas—16:9, 11, 13—literally, “wealth,” “money,” or “property.” In Luke 16, this word is used for “riches.” Mammon is also considered an idol or god of the human heart that is in conflict with the true God. The Bible proclaims it is impossible to serve this god of the world and the true God at the same time.

Paradise: Greek paradeisos—23:43—literally, “garden” or “park.” The Septuagint uses this word literally in Ecclesiastes 2:5 and Song of Solomon 4:13, although the term also refers to the Garden of Eden (see Genesis 2:8). Later, Paradise was described as the place of the righteous dead in Sheol (Luke 16:19–31). When Jesus spoke to the thief on the cross, He assured him that he would that day reside with Him in Paradise (23:42). This seems to indicate that this word refers to a pleasant place for the righteous among the dead. Revelation 2:7 speaks of Paradise as the restitution of an Edenic paradise, an everlasting home for believers (compare Genesis 2 and Revelation 22).

Key Text:

Luke 19:10 Want die Seun van die mens het gekom om te soek en te red wat verlore was.

Provocation & Context:

Luke expressly stated that his knowledge of the events recorded in his gospel came from the reports of those who were eyewitnesses (1:1–2), strongly implying that he personally was not an eyewitness. The prologue makes it clear that Luke’s aim was to give an ordered account of the event of Jesus’ life, but this does not mean that he always followed a strict chronological order in all instances.

Luke’s acknowledgment that he compiled his account from various extant sources does not invalidate the claim of divine inspiration for his work. The process of inspiration never bypasses or overrides the personalities, vocabularies, and styles of the human authors of Scripture. The unique traits of the human authors are always indelibly stamped on the book of Scripture. Luke’s research creates no exception to this rule. The research itself was orchestrated by divine Providence. Most importantly, when Luke wrote, he was moved by the Spirit of God (2 Peter 1:21). Therefore, his account is infallibly true.

The Apostle Paul referred to Luke as a physician (Colossians 4:14). This is helpful background for Luke’s obvious interest in medical phenomena. He gave special emphasis to Jesus’ healing ministry throughout his gospel (4:38–40; 5:15–25; 6:17–19; 7:11–15; 8:43–47, 49–56; 9:2, 6, 11; 13:11–13; 14:2–4; 17:12–14; 22:50–51). Luke also displays a physician’s sensitivity in including Jesus’ compassion for Gentiles, Samaritans, women, children, tax collectors, sinners, and others often regarded as outcasts in Israel.

One Sentence Summary:

Jesus not only lived and ministered as the perfect human, but he also died and rose to new life as the Savior for sinners. This is the longest and most inclusive of the Gospels. In the first two chapters he reported four wonderful poems. In the middle section he included a number of Jesus’ parables found nowhere else, e.g. the prodigal son and the good Samaritan. At the end of his narrative, he reported resurrection appearances found in no other Gospel.

An effective biographer uses good sources and interviews people who can give firsthand accounts of events, words, and habits from the subject’s life. A good biographer presents an honest and full record of the subject’s impact on others. The gospel writer Luke approached his task with each of these objectives. His opening verses describe in detail how he gathered his materials and why he decided to compose his biography of Jesus Christ.

Basic Outline:

Luke’s emphasis on Jerusalem may serve as a structural guideline. First, Jesus’ childhood and early ministry (1:1-9:50); second, Jesus’ journey toward Jerusalem (9:51-19:27); third, Jesus’ ministry and passion in Jerusalem (19:28-24:53).

The Prelude to Christ’s Ministry (1:1–4:13)
The Ministry in Galilee (4:14–9:50)
The Journey to Jerusalem (9:51–19:27)
The Passion Week (19:28–23:56)
The Consummation of Christ’s Ministry (24:1–53)

Explanatory Preface......
Birth Announcement of John the Baptist
Birth Announcement of Jesus the Messiah
Mary and Elizabeth......
Mary’s Hymn of Praise......
The Birth of John......
Zechariah’s Praise and Prediction
The Census and the Birth of Jesus
The Shepherds’ Visit......
Jesus’ Presentation at the Temple
The Prophecy of Simeon.....
The Testimony of Anna......
Jesus in the Temple......
The Ministry of John the Baptist
The Baptism of Jesus......
The Genealogy of Jesus......
The Temptation of Jesus......
The Beginning of Jesus’ Ministry in Galilee
Rejection at Nazareth......
Ministry in Capernaum......
The Call of the Disciples.....
Healing a Leper......
Healing and Forgiving a Paralytic
The Call of Levi; Eating with Sinners
The Superiority of the New....
Lord of the Sabbath......
Healing a Withered Hand.....
Choosing the Twelve Apostles.
The Sermon on the Plain.....
Do Not Judge Others......
Healing the Centurion’s Slave..
Raising a Widow’s Son......
Jesus and John the Baptist....
Jesus’ Anointing......
Jesus’ Ministry and the Help of Women
The Parable of the Sower.....
Showing the Light......
Jesus’ True Family......
Stilling of a Storm......
Healing of a Demoniac......
Restoration and Healing......
The Sending of the Twelve Apostles
Herod’s Confusion about Jesus.
The Feeding of the Five Thousand
Peter’s Confession......
A Call to Discipleship......
The Transfiguration......
Healing a Boy with an Unclean Spirit
Another Prediction of Jesus’ Suffering
Concerning the Greatest......
On the Right Side......
Rejection in Samaria......
Challenging Professed Followers
The Mission of the Seventy-Two
The Parable of the Good Samaritan
Jesus and Martha......
Instructions on Prayer......
Jesus and Beelzebul......
Response to Jesus’ Work.....
The Sign of Jonah......
Internal Light......
Rebuking the Pharisees and Experts in the Law
Fear God, Not People......
The Parable of the Rich Landowner
Exhortation Not to Worry.....
Call to Faithful Stewardship...
Not Peace, but Division......
Reading the Signs......
Clear the Debts......
A Call to Repent......
Warning to Israel to Bear Fruit.
Healing on the Sabbath......
On the Kingdom of God......
The Narrow Door......
Going to Jerusalem......
Healing Again on the Sabbath..
On Seeking Seats of Honor....
The Parable of the Great Banquet
Counting the Cost......
The Parable of the Lost Sheep and Coin
The Parable of the Compassionate Father
The Parable of the Clever Steward
More Warnings about the Pharisees
The Rich Man and Lazarus....
Sin, Forgiveness, Faith, and Service
The Grateful Leper......
The Coming of the Kingdom...
The Coming of the Son of Man.
Prayer and the Parable of the Persistent Widow
The Parable of the Pharisee and Tax Collector
Jesus and Little Children.....
The Wealthy Ruler......
Another Prediction of Jesus’ Passion
Healing a Blind Man......
Jesus and Zacchaeus......
The Parable of the Ten Minas..
The Triumphal Entry......
Jesus Weeps for Jerusalem under Judgment
Cleansing the Temple......
The Authority of Jesus......
The Parable of the Tenants....
Paying Taxes to Caesar......
Marriage and the Resurrection..
The Messiah: David’s Son and Lord
Jesus Warns the Disciples against Pride
The Widow’s Offering......
The Signs of the End of the Age
Persecution of Disciples......
The Desolation of Jerusalem...
The Arrival of the Son of Man..
The Parable of the Fig Tree....
Be Ready!......
Judas’ Decision to Betray Jesus.
The Passover......
The Lord’s Supper......
A Final Discourse......
On the Mount of Olives......
Betrayal and Arrest......
Jesus’ Condemnation and Peter’s Denials
Jesus Brought Before Pilate...
Jesus Brought Before Herod...
Jesus Brought Before the Crowd
The Crucifixion......
Jesus’ Burial......
The Resurrection......
Jesus Walks the Road to Emmaus
Jesus Makes a Final Appearance
Jesus’ Final Commission.....
Jesus’ Departure......

Sketch: The Gospel of the Forgiveness of Sins—Proving That Jesus Christ is the Man-Savior.

Key Doctrines:

Human fear in the presence of God—this response is normal and appropriate when confronted with the mighty work of God (1:30, 65; 2:9, 10; 5:10, 26; 7:16; 8:25, 37, 50; 9:34, 45; 12:5; 23:40; Leviticus 19:14, 32; 25:17, 36, 43; Deuteronomy 25:18; Judges 6:22; 2 Samuel 23:3; 2 Chronicles 20:29; 26:5; Proverbs 1:7; Nehemiah 5:15; 13:22; Mark 16:5; Acts 9:31; 1 Timothy 5:20)

The mysteries of divine truth—wonderment surrounds the mysteries of Christ’s words and works (1:21, 63; 2:18–19, 33, 47–48; 5:9; 8:25; 9:43–45; 11:14; 20:26; 24:12, 41; Job 11:7; Daniel 2:47; Matthew 13:35; Mark 4:10–20; Romans 11:25; 1 Corinthians 2:7; 4:1; Ephesians 5:32; Colossians 1:25–27; 4:3; 1 Timothy 3:16; Revelation 10:7)

Forgiveness—its place in human life (3:3; 5:20–25; 6:37; 7:41–50; 11:4; 12:10; 17:3–4; 23:34; 24:47; Genesis 50:20–21; Psalm 7:4; Proverbs 19:11; Matthew 6:14–15; 18:22; Mark 11:25; 2 Corinthians 2:5–11; James 2:13; 1 Peter 4:8)

The role of the Holy Spirit—the Spirit in our lives (1:15, 35, 41, 67; 2:25–27; 3:16, 22; 4:1, 14, 18; 10:21; 11:13; 12:10, 12; Genesis 1:2; Job 26:13; Psalm 104:30; Ezekiel 37:11–14; Zechariah 4:6–7; Matthew 12:28; John 14:16; 15:26; Acts 1:8; 8:29; Romans 8:11; 15:19;
1 Corinthians 2:4, 13; 1 Thessalonians 1:5; 1 Peter 3:18)

Christ’s death on the cross—the very purpose for which Christ came to earth (9:22–23; 17:25; 18:31–33; 24:25–26, 46; Isaiah 53:7–9; Acts 13:29; 1 Corinthians 1:18; 5:7; Galatians 5:11; 6:14; Ephesians 5:2; Philippians 2:8; Colossians 2:14; Hebrews 10:1, 11–12)

God’s Character:

God is accessible—23:45

God is holy—1:49

God is long-suffering—13:6–9

God is merciful—1:50, 78

God is powerful—11:20; 12:5

God is a promise keeper—1:38, 45, 54–55, 69–73

God is provident—2:1–4; 21:18, 32–33; 22:35

God is wise—16:15

Christ Revealed:

In addition to presenting Jesus as the Saviour of the world, Luke gives the following witness to Him:

Jesus is the prophet whose role becomes equated with Servant and Messiah (see 4:24; 7:16, 39; 9:19; 24:19).
Jesus is the ideal Man, the perfect Savior of imperfect humankind. The title “Son of Man’ is found twenty-six times in the Gospel. The term not only emphasizes the humanity of Christ in contrast to the expression “Son of God,” which stresses His deity, but it describes Jesus as the perfect, ideal Man, the true representative of the entire human race.
Jesus is Messiah. Not only does Luke affirm Jesus’ messianic identity, but he is careful to define the nature of His messiahship. Jesus is preeminently the Servant who steadfastly sets His fact to go to Jerusalem to fulfill His role (9:31, 51). Jesus is the Son of David (20:41-44), the Son of Man (5:24), and the Suffering Servant (4:17-19) who was numbered with transgressors (22:37).
Jesus is the exalted Lord. Luke refers to Jesus as “Lord” eighteen times in his Gospel (fifty times in acts). Even though the title takes on new significance after the Resurrection (see acts 2:36), it denotes the divine Person of Jesus even during His earthly ministry.
Jesus is the friend of lowly outcasts. He is consistently gracious to society’s rejected ones – publicly acknowledged sinners, Samaritans, Gentiles, and the poor. His attitude toward women in a patriarchal age is likewise affirming and sensitive. Luke includes much material that underscores Jesus’ positive ministry of kindness and sympathy toward these groups.

Luke, a physician himself, presents Jesus as the Great Physician (5:31, 32; 15:4–7, 31, 32; 19:10). Luke examines Jesus’ interaction with tax collectors, women, children, Gentiles, and Samaritans, demonstrating His unique ministry to the outcasts of society. Luke also describes Jesus as the Son of Man, emphasizing His offer of salvation to the world.

The Holy Spirit at Work:

There are seventeen explicit references to the Holy Spirit in Luke, stressing His activity both in the life of Jesus and in the continuing ministry of the church.

First, the Holy Spirit’s action is seen in the lives of various faithful people connected with the births of John the Baptist and Jesus (1:35, 41, 67; 2:25-27), as well as in the fact that John fulfilled his ministry under the anointing of the Holy Spirit (1:15). The same Spirit enabled Jesus to carry out His messianic role.

Second, the Holy Spirit enables Jesus to fulfill His ministry – the Spirit-anointed Messiah. In chapters 3 and 4, there are five explicit references to the Spirit, used with progressive force. 1) The Spirit comes upon Jesus in bodily form like a dove (3:22); 2) He leads Jesus into the wilderness to be tempted (4:1); 3) following His victory over temptation, Jesus returns to Galilee in the power of the same Spirit (4:14); 4) In the Nazareth synagogue Jesus reads the messianic passage, “The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me…” (4:18; Is. 61:1,2) claiming their fulfillment in Him (4:21). Then, 5) evidence for His charismatic ministry abounds (4:31 – 44), and continues into the whole of His ministry of power and compassion.

Third, the holy Spirit, through petitionary prayer, effects the messianic ministry. At critical junctures in that ministry, Jesus prays, before, during or after the crucial event (3:21; 6:12; 9:18, 28; 10:21). The same Holy Spirit that was effective through Jesus’ prayers will empower the disciples’ prayers (18:1-8), and link the messianic ministry of Jesus to their mighty ministry through the church (see 24;48, 49).

Fourth, the Holy Spirit spreads joy, both to Jesus and the new community. Five Greek words denoting joy or exultation are used twice as often in Luke as they are in Matthew or Mark. At the time when the disciples return with joy from their mission (10:17), “In that hour Jesus rejoiced in the Spirit and said…” (10:21). As the disciples are waiting for the promised Spirit (24;49), “they worshiped Him, and returned to Jerusalem with great joy, and were continually in the temple, praising and blessing God” (24:52, 53).

Content:

Christus die Seun van die Mens.
Die Volmaakte Mens
Die Volmaakte Lewe.
Humanity. Covenant and Redemption. Ethics and Morality.
Die lewe van Jesus beskryf vir ‘n nie-Joodse gehoor.
Jesus as Saviour / Universal Good News / The Poor and Outcast / Prayer / Joy.
Humanity. Covenant and Redemption. Ethics and Morality.
Jesus not only lived and ministered as the perfect human, but he also died and rose to new life as the Saviour for sinners.
Jesus Is the Son of Man. A historian’s view of the Lord Jesus
In LUKE we are COMPLETE HUMAN BEINGS in Christ
Luke - Jesus the Perfect Human (Man). Presents Jesus as the Son of Man to seek and save the lost. Genealogy of Jesus through Mary tracing back to Adam (all mankind). Largest of the gospels. The Son of Man (man's nature).

OT QUOTATIONS:

Book 3 - THE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO LUKE

BIRTH OF JESUS

Luke 2:23b - 'Every male who opens the womb shall be called holy to the Lord' (Exodus 13:2,12,15)

Luke 2:24b - 'A pair of turtle doves, or two young pigeons' (Leviticus 12:8)

APPEARANCE OF JOHN THE BAPTIST

Luke 3:4b-6 - 'The voice of one crying in the wilderness: Prepare the way of the Lord, make his paths straight. Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill brought low; and the crooked places shall be made straight, and the rough ways made smooth; and all flesh shall see the salvation of God' (Isaiah 40:3-5).

JESUS' TEMPTATION BY THE DEVIL

Luke 4:4b - 'Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God' (Deuteronomy 8:3)."

Luke 4:8b - 'You shall worship the Lord your God, and him only you shall serve' (Deuteronomy 6:13)."

Luke 4:10b-11 - 'He shall give his angels charge over you, to keep you', and 'In their hands they shall bear you up, lest you dash your foot against a stone' (Psalm 91:11,12)."

Luke 4:12b - 'You shall not tempt the Lord your God' (Deuteronomy 6:16)."

JESUS IS REJECTED IN NAZARETH FOR THE FIRST TIME - "THE PROPHET WITHOUT HONOUR IN HIS OWN TOWN"

Luke 4:18-19 - 'The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to preach the Gospel to the poor. He has sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed, to preach the acceptable year of the Lord' (Isaiah 61:1,2).

JESUS AND JOHN THE BAPTIST COMPARED - "YET STILL THE PEOPLE WILL NOT REPENT"

Luke 7:27b - 'Behold, I send my messenger before your face, who will prepare your way before you' (Malachi 3:1).

WHY JESUS SPOKE IN PARABLES

Luke 8:10b - 'seeing they may not see, and hearing they may not understand' (Isaiah 6:9)".