1St Lecture EARLY GREEK JEWELLERY from SOUTH GREECE

Bettina Tsigarida

Greek Jewellery

Fribourg, 9-10 novembre 2010

1st Lecture EARLY GREEK JEWELLERY FROM SOUTH GREECE

General

Introduction in Jewellery.

Gold sources in Greece (alluvial gold and galleries)

Technology. Two main categories: jewellery made of hammered out sheets and cast jewellery

Goldsmith's tools and working the sheet gold (die, punch, repousse technique, engraving etc.)

Early Greek Jewellery: Dark Ages and Orientalizing

Jewellery of the 9th and 8th centuries - Phoenician influence (various pieces will be presented, among them necklaces from Crete and Athens, omega shaped earrings from Athens etc.)

The two groups of 8th-century diadems (with friezes of animals and with human figures) will be presented and discussed

The Island koine of the 7th century. Rhodian diadems and the rosettes from Melos

Daemonic creatures on the jewellery of the islands will be discussed.

2nd Lecture MACEDONIAN BRONZES

General introduction

Chronology: early Iron Age and the first half of the 6th century. They survive until the beginning of the 5th.

Types of jewellery: hair ornaments, spectacle and bow fibulae, pendants (animal-shaped, bird, bird on cage, wheel, jug-stopper, spherical etc.)

Macedonian beads, the variety of the types of the biconical Macedonian beads

Spiral bracelet and rings

Macedonian bronzes in South Greece - relations between Macedonia and the workshops of the Peloponnese.

Archaic jewellery of South Greece - issuance of sumptuary restrictions in funerals by Solon in Athens

Workshops of Euboea and Ionia

Characteristics of jewellery and presentation of a very few pieces, since only a few have survived.

3rd Lecture ARCHAIC JEWELLERY FROM MACEDONIA (NORTHERN GREECE)

Burial customs of the Macedonians

Male jewellery: decoration of the arms and clothes, diadems

Jewellery of women: earrings (ribbon-shaped with a rosette, omega-shaped ), pins (disc-shaped head and beads or paddle - wheels decoration), fibulae (arched), pendants and beads (pyramid-shaped, amphora-shaped, double axe etc.), chains.

Mouth pieces and masks (presentation and discussion, function etc.)

Conclusions, general characteristics etc.

4th Lecture CLASSICAL AND EARLY HELLENISTIC JEWELLERY

Jewellery of the 5th century is presented separately - characteristics (survival of archaic types etc.)

Second half of the 4th cent. - Macedonia

Introduction: what led to the development of goldsmith's art in Macedonia in this period (Philip, Alexander)

Characteristics of the jewellery: naturalism, introduction of motifs (Heracles knot etc.).

Brief presentation of wreaths and diadems.

Presentation of the jewellery of this period from Macedonia

1st quarter of the 3rd: polychromy, animals with oriental influence. Presentation of the material of this period.

5th Lecture - CL. AND EARLY HELL.JEWELLERY (cont.) - HELLENISTIC JEWELLERY

Presentation of the Classical and early Hell. Jewellery from S.Italy, East Greece and the north Pontic cities (briefly)

Hellenistic jewellery: new characteristics (introduction of new types of jewellery, more semi-precious stoens, etc.)

Presentation of various pieces of jewellery following a chronological order, for the better understanding of the changes.

6th Lecture - RINGS FROM MACEDONIA (ARCHAIC - ROMAN PERIODS)

Presentation of the various types of finger rings following a chronological order.

Archaic period: the simple hoop and the ring with oval pointed bezel

Classical period: ring with elliptical bezel and intaglio decoration - swivel rings, Greco - Persian etc.

Late Classical and early Hellenistic: large bezel, stones set in the bezel

Hellenistic: rings with stepped bezel, emphasis on the semi-precious stones etc.

Roman rings: presentation of a few examples of the early roman period

7th and 8th - WREATHS AND DIADEMS OF THE CLASSICAL AND THE HELLENISTIC PERIODS

Diadems: seven types according to their structure and materials (with gold wire, with a tubular stem, sheet gold diadems, of cheaper materials, flower diadems, tubular stem and a large Heracles knot, strap diadems with a large Heracles knot)

Wreaths: dating, discussion of their use in the funerary rites and in life.

Presentation of the four types: gold with a hoop, gold ribbon-shaped strip, of cheaper materials, with gold leaves attached to a base of perishable material