1st 6-Weeks ELA Test: Study Guide
DIRECTIONS: Use the notes in your journal and resources on my website to study the following concepts.
What is the purpose of APE? ______format for answering open-ended questions ______
______
What is each step? (See notes in journal)
A______P______E______
How long should a good APE response be? ___3-5 sentences______
Define the following terms:
CONFLICT / (See notes in journal)Character vs. Self / (See notes in journal)
Character vs. Character / (See notes in journal)
Character vs. Society / (See notes in journal)
Character vs. Nature / (See notes in journal)
PRACTICE: Identify the type of conflict described in the following examples.
1. Alexa caught her friend Jamie stealing from a classmate. Now Alexa must choose between keeping her friendship with Jamie and doing the right thing.
TYPE OF CONFLICT: ____Character vs Self____
2. Vanessa makes an art project protesting police brutality. Her art teacher loves the project and tries to feature it in the town art show, but the county commission rejects the project. Now Vanessa, her art teacher are going to fight for the freedom of expression.
TYPE OF CONFLICT: ___Character vs Society___
3. Alex and Scott are out at sea on a small fishing boat when a large storm hits. After their boat flips over and sinks during the storm, Alex and Scott struggle to make it back to the shore. Just when they think that things can’t get any worse, they see a shark fin circling them.
TYPE OF CONFLICT: __Character vs Nature____
4. Jimmy and Eric compete for the same position on the baseball team.
TYPE OF CONFLICT: __Character vs Character__
Define the following terms:
PLOT / The progression of events in a story (the following terms are all stages of the plot)Exposition / (See notes in journal)
Rising Action / (See notes in journal)
Climax / (See notes in journal)
Falling Action / (See notes in journal)
Resolution / (See notes in journal)
Define the following terms:
POINT OF VIEW / (See notes brainpop in journal)First Person / (See notes brainpop in journal)
Second Person / (See notes brainpop in journal)
Third Person Limited / (See notes brainpop in journal)
Third Person Omniscient / (See notes brainpop in journal)
PRACTICE: Identify the point of view used in the following examples.
The sun may have been 90 million miles away, but it felt like it was right on top of me, weighing me down. There wasn't a lick of shade anywhere. Not so much as a flower to hide behind. The plains were barren and sweltering. A dust cloud whipped by me. I pulled my shirt over my mouth and nose, stretching out the neck hole. The shirt was baggier than I remembered it, or I was losing weight. Come to think of it, I felt a little lankier than usual.
POINT OF VIEW: ___1st person____
Ursula looked at herself in the mirror. She thought that the dress fit her very well. She turned to the saleswoman. The saleswoman thought that the dress did not fit Ursula, but she had learned a long time ago to be careful when telling a customer that a dress was too small for them. Ursula asked the saleswoman, "Well? What do you think?" The saleswoman nodded, put up her thumbs, and said, "It looks stunning, my lady." This response made Ursula feel good.
POINT OF VIEW: __3rd person omniscient__
King Lenny surveyed his court. He liked what he saw. The court was lined with his loyal followers, all of them hanging on his every word. "The king is the thing today, Jeoffrey," King Lenny said to his servant. Jeoffrey chuckled and said, "Today and every day, sire." King Lenny laughed and took off his gloves. He hated wearing gloves when he was holding court. All of the complaining and the tight gloves made his palms too sweaty. "Bring in the first petitioner," said King Lenny. He wanted to finish the boring part of his day.
POINT OF VIEW: ___3rd person limited____
"Sir, we don't stay open all night. I have a family too. Let's all go home," says the security guard at the library. You know that he is talking to you, but you don't really acknowledge his words. You are lost in thought. "Sir! Hello? Sir! The library is closing. Last call to check out books!" That one motivates you. You shut the text that you are reading and carry the wobbly pile of dusty manuals to the counter. The librarian does not seemed too pleased to serve you. "Sir, we closed two minutes ago. I should send you off..." she snarls at you with a thick cloud of attitude.
POINT OF VIEW: _____2nd person______
Define the following terms:
METACOGNITION / Thinking about thinking (awareness of one’s thought processes)4 Types of Connections / Text to self, text to world, text to text, text to media (See notes in journal)
Level 1 Questions / (See notes in journal)
Level 2 Questions / (See notes in journal)
Level 3 Questions / (See notes in journal)
Action Verbs, Linking Verbs, & Helping Verbs
A verb is a part of speech that shows action or being. All sentences contain at least one verb.
An action verb is a word that expresses action. It is what the subject does.
Ex: The bear eats the fish. (eats = action verb, what the bear does)
Ex: The bear looks at the tree. (looks = action verb, what the bear does)
A linking verb is a verb that shows a state of being. It is what the subject is.
Ex: The bear is hungry. (is = linking verb, what the bear is)
Ex: The bear looks sad. (looks = linking verb, shows the bear’s state of being)
A helping verb is a verb that helps the main verb express action or being.
The helping verb + the main verb = the verb phrase.
Ex: The bear has eaten the fish. (has = helping verb, eaten = action verb)
Ex: The bear is looking at the tree. (is = helping verb, looking = action verb)
Notes:
· As shown above, many words can be two different kinds of verbs. “Is” can be a linking verb or a helping verb. “Looks” can be an action verb or a linking verb. To know what kind of verb a word is, you have to figure out how it is used in context.
· Here are some helpful hints:
o If you think a word is an action verb, ask yourself, “Who or what is doing this?”
§ Ex: My brother sleeps down the hall from me.
§ Is “sleeps” an action verb? Who or what sleeps? My brother sleeps. Yes, “sleeps” is an action verb.
§ Is down an action verb? Who or what downs? That doesn’t make sense. Down is not a verb.
o If you think a word is a linking verb, ask yourself, “Could I replace this word with an equals sign?”
§ Ex: The classroom was cold.
§ Is “was” a linking verb? The classroom = cold. Yes, “was” is a linking verb.
o If you think a word is a helping verb, ask yourself, “What is the main verb it is helping?”
§ Ex. We were waiting for the bus.
§ Is “were” a helping verb? What main verb is it helping? “Waiting.” Yes, “were waiting” is a verb phrase.
§ Ex: We were bored.
§ Is “were” a helping verb? What main verb is it helping? There isn’t another verb. “Were” is not a helping verb. Hmm… Can I replace “were” with an equals sign? We = bored. Yes! “Were” is a linking verb.
PRACTICE: Underline the verbs in the following sentences. Label them AV (action verb), LV (linking verb), or HV (helping verb).
LV
1. My dog is always hungry.
AV
2. He loves food.
HV AV
3. He will eat almost anything.
AV LV
4. He grows impatient when dinner is near.
AV AV
5. Sometimes he jumps onto the table and grabs our food.
LV
6. Then he is in trouble.
AV LV
7. When we lock him in his crate, he seems sad.
AV AV
8. If we let him out again, he steals more snacks.
HV AV
9. Will he learn good manners someday?
(This is a hard one. With questions, you should rearrange the sentence into a statement. Ex: He will learn good manners someday.)
AV HV LV
10. We adore our dog, even when he has been bad.
Make sure you have read and you remember the short stories “Seventh Grade” by Gary Soto and “Charles” by Shirley Jackson.