10th Grade World Literature
Final Exam Outline – Spring 2009
From Literature of Greece and Rome…
I. Homer’s “The Iliad”
- Book 1
- themes – rage of Achilles; connections between gods and humans.
- Achilles attitude toward Athena’s words.
- Achilles’ efforts to reassure Calchas – “no one will lay his heavy hands on you by the hollow ships.”
- Book 6
- conflict between Hector and Andromache – needs of country v. needs of family
- Hector’s attitude toward his son
- Book 22
- image used to describe Achilles’ attack – swooping and screaming hawk
- how Athena convinces Hector to fight Achilles
- Book 24
- Apollo’s criticism of Achilles – Apollo sees him as having no shame
- emotional connection between Priam and Achilles
- change in Achilles – anger to compassion
- Hector’s funeral – how do the Trojans demonstrate their love for Hector
II. Oedipus the King
- the effect of the chorus on Oedipus throughout the play
- Part I
- opens with widespread disease in Thebes – effort to elicit pity from the audience
- tone of Oedipus speech to citizens about finding Laius’s murderer
- Oedipus’s assumptions about Creon that lead him to turn against Creon
- Oedipus’s weakness that is demonstrated in Part I
- function of the chorus in Part I – provide commentary on the action
- Part II
- dramatic irony – when an audience knows something the character doesn’t know – Oedipus’s expectation that the herdsman will reassure him when audience knows the opposite will be true
- herdsman – why he does not want to speak the truth
- Jocasta – motivation for suicide – ashamed of what has happened
- Oedipus – motivation for blinding himself – effort at self punishment
From The Middle Ages…
I. “Perceval’s The Grail”
- Who Perceval blames when he can’t find the castle.
- Most amazing feature of the grail
- Affect of the feast on Perceval – distraction from the grail procession
- quest story – the search for spiritual maturity
II. “Song of Roland”
- natural event that disturbs the earth during the defeat of the French
- trait of a good military officer that Roland failed to demonstrate
- difference between medieval epic heroes and other epic heroes – medieval heroes are not perfect
- Ganalon’s efforts to mislead Charles
- medieval value – respect and honor for the power of swords – Durendal
III. Dante’s “Inferno”
- Canto I
- “the straight road” as a symbol for pure spirit
- three raging beasts – symbols of sin
- Virgil’s role in the journey
- Dante’s hope that readers will react in terror to spirits “in endless pain”
- Dante’s mood as he departs
- appeal to sense of sight – lion with an “enormous head held high”
- Canto III
- appeal to sense of sound – “sighs and cries” quote
- Charon’s job
- “grim shore” – symbol for ______
- sights and sounds – show dark side of the human soul
- Canto V
- direct characterization
- description of Minos
- Dante’s attitude toward those being punished for giving in to passion
- souls that gave into appetites – experience great pain
- Dante the poet – attitude toward Paolo and Francesca
- Canto XXXIV (34)
- Dante’s reaction to seeing Satan
- indirect characterization – Satan’s actions
- description of the departure from hell
I. Buddhism background
- The Four Noble Truths of Buddhism – what are they?
- Samsara – what is is it? how does it work?
II. Siddhartha
- Siddhartha
- belief in achieving goals – must be able to do these three things
- conclusion he makes about teachers – enlightenment cannot come through teaching
- Kamala
- the art she teaches Siddhartha
- prevented from completing her journey – snakebite by the river
- Siddhatha’s son
- attitude toward his new lifestyle after Kamala dies
- Kamaswami
- teaches Siddhartha how to acquire wealth
- Vasudeva (The ferryman)
- his primary belief
- his greatest virtue
- Govinda
- Siddhartha’s childhood friend
- watches over Siddhartha when he sleeps by the river
from Anthem...
I. The Unmentionable Times – when was it
II. Characters
- Equality 7-2521
- his job
- location of his meeting with the Golden One
- why he is sent to the Palace of Corrective Detention.
- what Equality renames himself as after his escape
- the word he rediscovers after escaping
- The Golden One
- her job
from Night…
I. Before the Concentration Camp
- Attitude of Sighet’s Jews
II. Characters
- Moshe the Beadle
- Elie
- dehumanized by tattoo on arm
- mistakes he made during his experience with the Nazis
- love for his father, his humanity, his faith in God – what do these have in common for Elie
- feelings about his father’s death
- Juliek
- playing the violin before he dies
III. Concentration camps
- selection process – What occurs? What selections are made?
- Auschwitz
- words on the front gate
from Latin American literature…
I. “The Handsomest Drowned Man” by Gabriel Garcia Marquez
- response of the village women to the dead man
- magical realism – change in the hearts and souls of the villagers as a result of the dead man
II. “Two Words” by Isabel Allende
- Belisa’s profession – what is it?
- El Mulato’s accusation at the end of the story
III. “Night Face Up,” by Julio Cortazar
- conflict between reality and dream
- who is chasing the main character in reality?
IV. “Tell Them Not to Kill Me” by Juan Rulfo
- crime committed by Juvencio Nava
- points of view – first and third person
- reasons Juvencio Nava gives for why he should be set free
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