11.2 Ammonia Is Produced from the Breakdown Of
11.1 Urea is produced in the
A) kidney
B) lung
C) liver
D) gall bladder
E) pancreas
11.2 Ammonia is produced from the breakdown of
A) sugars
B) amino acids
C) fatty acids
D) thin acids
E) glycerol
11.3 Which organ is involved in removing urea from the blood stream?
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Small intestine
D) Large intestine
E) Kidney
11.4. The basic functional unit of the kidney is the ______.
1) nephron
2) uron
3) cortex
4) medulla
5) renal artery
11.5 Since the kidney filters 200 liters of blood and eliminates about 2 liters of urine a day,
A) The kidney must secrete NaCl.
B) The kidney must reabsorb urea.
C) The kidney must secrete water.
D) The kidney must reabsorb water.
E) The kidney must reabsorb glucose.
11.6 The color of urine is due to
A) Bile
B) Hemoglobin
C) Urobilins
D) Cytochrome
E) Asparagines
11.7. Experimenting on isolated organs allows for ______but provides a less ______environment than experimenting on live animals.
1) the exact measurement of calcium concentrations, salty
2) an easy determination of pH, basic
3) an easy determination of pH, acidic
4) cheaper experiments, crowded
5) more control, natural
11.8 Filtration of the blood at the glomerulus
A) Is a passive process
B) Passes small molecules
C) Does not pass cells
D) Does not pass proteins
E) All of the above
11.9 Since cyanide caused a decrease in the urea in the urine, Ernest Starling concluded:
A) Urea secretion is a passive process
B) Urea secretion is an active process
C) Urea is reabsorbed by the blood stream
D) Cyanide secretion is prevented by urea
E) Urea is a part of the Krebs cycle
11.10 Since cyanide caused an increase in the NaCl in the urine, Starling concluded:
A) NaCl reabsorption is an active process
B) NaCl reabsorption is a passive process
C) NaCl secretion is an active process
D) NaCl is not normally reabsorbed by the blood stream
E) Cyanide secretion is prevented by NaCl
F) NaCl is necessary for the electron transport chain
11.11. ______stimulates the formation of red blood cells.
A) aldosterone
B) anti-diuretic hormone
C) erythropoietin
D) acetylcholine
E) adrenaline
11.12. Dialysis is used by people with (a) failed______.
A) brain stem
B) large intestine
C) small instestine
D) liver
E) kidneys
11.13. People with one kidney ______.
1) can live normal lives
2) may have sold their other one in a global organ trade economy
3) may have donated their kidney for free
4) may have a scare where their kidney was removed
5) all of the above
11.14. Erythropoietin stimulates the production of ______.
A) red blood cells
B) white blood cells
C) platelets
D) adrenaline
E) glucagons
11.15. The hypoxic conditions that exist on mountain tops stimulates the production of
A) anti diuretic hormone
B) secretin
C) glucagon
D) insulin
E) erythropoietin
11.16. The fact that both ADH and aldosterone both increase the ability of the body to retain fluids is an example of ______.
1) functional redundancy
2) nervous and hormonal control
3) exocrine and endocrine control
4) parasympathetic and sympathetic regulation
5) ionic and covalent control
11.18. A ______of the interstitial fluid will result in the ______of cells.
1) concentrating, swelling
2) concentrating, shrinking
3) dilution, shrinking
4) dilution, swelling
5) both 2 and 4
11.19. ______is a vasodilator that ______the blood pressure.
1) Nitric oxide, increases
2) Nitric oxide, decreases
3) Angiotensin II, increases
4) Angiotensin II, decreases
5) Antidiurentic hormone, decreases
11.20. ______is a vasoconstrictor that ______the blood pressure.
1) Nitric oxide, increases
2) Nitric oxide, decreases
3) Angiotensin II, increases
4) Angiotensin II, decreases
5) Antidiurentic hormone, decreases
11.21. Which of the following will not increase one’s red blood cell count?
1) sleeping in hypobaric (low pressure chambers).
2) living in high altitudes.
3) injection with EPO.
4) secretion of erythropoietin by the kidneys.
5) secretion of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland.
11.22. Which of the following does not require ATP?
1) fixation of carbon dioxide by plants and by the liver
2) filtration at the glomerulus
3) secretion of urea into the proximal convoluted tubule
4) re-absorption of sodium from the proximal convoluted tubule
5) all of the above require ATP
11.23. Artists often recreate biological themes. Which of the following localities does not have a statue of a boy mituriting?
1) Brussels, Belgium
2) Norway
3) Tokyo, Japan
4) Prague
5) They all have statutes of mituriting boys.
11.24. Urine is concentrated in the ______as a result of the countercurrent mechanism.
1) glomerulus
2 distal convoluted tubule
3) proximal convoluted tubule
4) collecting ducts
5) bladder
11.25. Urine is stored in the ______.
1) kidney
2) liver
3) gall baldder
4) heart
5) bladder
11.26. The Loop of Henle ______the kidney.
1) creates and osmotic gradient in the medulla of
2) is where glucose is re-absorped in
3) is where most of the ammonia is converted to urea in
4) is sometimes found in the liver instead of
5) none of the above
11.27. One can die from water intoxication if______.
1) the ADH concentration can not be lowered fast enough
2) water channels can not be removed from the collecting ducts fast enough
3) one drinks too fast
4) one does not urinate enough
5) all of the above