Chapter 1
1. What is the primary focus of a lifeguard?
2. How does NASCO define a drowning?
3. How does NASCO define a near drowning?
4. What is the difference between a dry drowning and a wet drowning?
Chapter 2
1. Define “Preventive Lifeguarding” and how can it be used as an effective way of saving someone from drowning.
2. The most important person in a rescue in order is
1.
2.
3.
3. The objective in a water rescue is to get the victim, ______, ______, & ______.
4. Why is it important to get a non-breathing victim out of the water and on the deck as quickly and safely as possible?
5. If a victim needs CPR, what is the worst thing that you can do to them?
6. What does Check, Yell, Pump, & Thump mean?
7. What is the most common cause of injury at an aquatic facility?
8. The fastest drowning recorded by NASCO occurred in what amount of time?
Chapter 3
1. Prolonged exposure to moisture makes the skin soft and therefore making skin more susceptible to ______.
2. Another problem that skin has with moisture is fungus. What are some ways to prevent this from becoming a problem?
3. Fact #1- exposure to the sun causes skin cancer
Fact #2- many aspects of lifeguarding are done out in the sun.
What would be a couple of good ways to help protect yourself from the sun?
4. Common symptoms of dehydration include______, ______, & ______.
To help with dehydration, one should drink plenty of ______?
5. Moisture in your ear can lead to ear infections. What is one of the ways that the book tells us is a good way to dry out your ear and what is the danger in doing it too often?
6. Why is it important for a lifeguard to keep their finger and toe nails short and square?
7. What are the 4 symptoms of hypothermia that are mentioned in the book?
1.
2.
3.
4.
8. What are the common symptoms of heat exhaustion?
What are the common symptoms of heat stroke?
9. Define Blood Borne Pathogens-
10. Personal protective gear should be worn at all times when dealing with any foreign body fluid. What are the 3 examples of personal protective gear?
1. 3.
2.
Chapter 4
1. A victim in deep water will be either on the ______, on the ______, or in ______
2. What are the 4 factors that will determine someone's ability to float?
1.
2.
3.
4.
3. What are the 5 signs and symptoms of surface victims?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
4. What are the 4 signs and symptoms of submerged victims?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. Explain The Mystery Drowning.
6. What is a 447?
7. What is a3-3?
Chapter 5
1. Why is one of the most dangerous places in a pool at the guard’s feet?
2. Explain the Stutter Scan. Why is this not a good way to scan your area?
3. As user load goes up in your pool, your scan times should ______.
4. What are the 7 factors discussed in the book that can affect a lifeguard’s vigilance.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
5. What are the 5 keys that can be used to tell that a lifeguard is not scanning?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. Explain The Standard Lifeguard Trap.
7. On a crowded day, is it a good idea to count the number of people in your area as an effective method of scanning?
8. What is a head back nose up-dry head?
Chapter 6
1. Why is it important to know why something is a rule and not just that it is a rule?
2. What should you do if you do not understand why something is a rule?
3. Why is it important for the guards to follow the same rules as all of the guests?
4. What are three good ways to deal with an angry guest?
5. A rule for a guest is a rule for a ______.
6. What is the most common complaint of a guest at a water park?
Chapter 7
1. What do each of these mean-
One long whistle blast-
One short whistle blast-
Two short whistle blasts-
Multiple long whistle blasts-
Patting the head-
In the water-
Out of the water-
A fist in the air-
2. When another guard goes in for a rescue, what are the 3 things described in the book that the second guard should be doing?
1.
2.
3.
3. What is the EMS and what is its purpose?
4. What is the EAP and what is its purpose?
5. What are the 6 signs that a second guard may have to go in the water?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Chapter 8
1. What is the first thing you should always do before dealing with any first-aid situation or prior to any initial on deck assessment?
2. The best way to stop bleeding is to first apply ______, and if that dose not stop the bleeding you should then ______the wound above the level of the heart.
3. If the bleeding is not stopped by either of the methods described above then you should apply pressure to a pressure point. What are the two arteries discussed in the book that can be used to stop bleeding and where are they located?
1.
2.
4. What are 3 signs of shock?
1.
2.
3.
5. What is the best thing that you can do for someone who is in shock until emergency medical support arrives?
CPR & AR
1. What is the most common obstruction to a non-breathing victim?
2. When we say to look, listen, and feel to see if a person is breathing, what does look, listen, and feel mean?
3. Where do you check for a pulse on a...
Adult-
Child-
Infant-
4. When administering CPR the compression to breath ratio is
Adult- ______compressions: ______breath(s) for ______cycles
Child- ______compressions: ______breath(s) for ______cycles
Infant- ______compressions: ______puff(s) for ______cycles
5. The ratios for AR are
Adult- one breath every ______seconds for ______cycles
Child- one breath every ______seconds for ______cycles
Infant- one puff every ______seconds for ______cycles
6. Why is vocalization so important whenever you are performing CPR and/or AR?
- What is the worst thing that you can do for someone that needs CPR/AR?
Chapter 9
1. What are the 3 primary methods used to enter the water?
1.
2.
3.
2. What are the two basic rescues described in the book and what are there objectives?
1.
2.
3. What are the three main ways to extricate a non-breathing victim out of the water?
1.
2.
3.
4. When getting a submerged victim off of the bottom of the pool, it is important to remember that the victim will be ______(heavier or lighter) than you expect.
Chapter 10
(In order to understand the next 3 questions, make sure that you understand what each type of slide is.)
1. What are some typical injuries that some occur on Serpentine tube slides?
2. Why is it important to have all guests remove their footwear before going down a Serpentine body flume slide?
3. What could happen if someone does not keep his or her legs crossed on a Free-fall drop slide?
4. What are the typically heavy rescue places in a wave pool?
5. Children's play areas have shallow water and very mild currents, so how is it that they could be so dangerous?
- In general, what is the main function of a slide dispatch guard?
7. Why is it so important for the slide dispatch guard to enforce the height restrictions for the slide?
8. Also, as discussed earlier, inconsistent ______is the most common complaint at a water park.
9. If a catch pool guard sees someone come down the slide without their tube/mat, they could probably assume what?
10. What could happen if a catch pool guard only focuses on the end of the flumes and not on the entire pool as a whole?
11. What is the most common accident in an aquatic facility?
12. Describe the correct way to answer the phone?
13. What could happen if a lifeguard decides to “skip” over a less popular position while they are rotating?
NASCO Review (Rev. 2012)Page 1