Urinary System Review
1. What are the main functions of the urinary system?
2. What is the order of structures in which urine flows through the body?
3. What is the order of structures in which filtrate travels through the nephron?
7.4 Draw and label a diagram of the kidney to identify the following regions of a kidney: hilus, cortex, medulla, medullary pyramids, calyces, pelvis, and renal columns.
4. Draw a kidney and label the cortex, medulla, renal pyramids, renal pelvis, and ureter.
7.5 Annotate a diagram of a glomerulus and associated nephron to show the function of each part.
5. What are the functional units of the kidney? How many are there in each kidney?
6. Draw a nephron and label the Bowman’s capsule, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and collecting duct.
7.2 Explain the reabsorption of glucose, water and salts in the proximal convoluted tubule, including the roles of microvilli, osmosis and active transport.
7. Describe glomerular filtration (where it happens and what it accomplishes).
8. Describe tubular reabsorption (where it happens and what it accomplishes).
9. Describe tubular secretion (where it happens and what it accomplishes).
10. Why are microvilli important to reabsorption?
11. How does osmosis occur during reabsorption?
7.7 Describe the following common urinary tract problems. - yeast infection, bacterial infection
12. What can cause a yeast infection of the urinary tract?
13. What can cause a bacterial infection of the urinary tract?
7.1 Explain the process of ultrafiltration, including blood pressure, fenestrated blood capillaries and basement membrane.
14. What is the role of hydrostatic pressure in filtration?
What is a simple rule concerning water and electrolyte regulation?
7.3 Explain the roles of the loop of Henle, medulla, collecting duct and ADH (vasopressin) in maintaining the water balance of the blood
15. What is the role of ADH in maintaining the water balance of the blood?
16. What does aldosterone do in the urinary system?
17. In which limb of the loop of Henle is water passively being reabsorbed?
18. In which limb of the loop of Henle is salt being actively transported?
7.6 Describe the composition of normal urine and abnormal urine.
19. What are the 5 physical characteristics of urine?
20. What are characteristics of normal urine?
21. In urine, what are signs for: diabetes, infection (cystitis), kidney failure