Chapter 8
A New Nation
Study Guide
1. Washington established several precedents. Explain what a precedent is
and give one example.
2. Fill in the blanks below:
State Department
______(1st Secretary of State)
______(explain what it does)
______Department
Henry Knox- 1st Secretary of ______(explain what it does)
Treasury Department
______(1st Secretary of Treasury)
Handles all the financial matters of the United States
Justice Department
______(1st Attorney General)
______(explain what it does)
3. What part of government created the Executive Departments?
4. ______of ______created the federal court system
that includes the Supreme Court , ______(#) circuit courts, and 13
______courts.
5. The ______are the first ______amendments to the
Constitution that protects individual rights.
6. The U.S. had a huge national debt and it was ______’s( what man) challenge to solve the economic crisis.
His plan was:
1. 2. 3.
Section 2 – Early Challenges
7. The Whiskey Rebellion happened in ______(year) in western PA.
This rebellion was a reaction by ______(group) refusal to pay
the federal tax that was the idea of ______.
8. Indians challenged the U.S. in the western territories.
Fill in the blanks:
U.S. general ______was defeated by Indian
leader Little Turtle of the ______(tribe) in ______(year) along the
Wabash River.
In ______(year) U.S. general Anthony Wayne defeated Indian leader
______at the Battle of ______in
present day Ohio. Following the battle Indians were forced to sign the
Treaty of ______. In this treaty the Indians gave up much of
present day ______(state).
9. At this time Britain and France went to war and this divided the
American people. Famous men like Hamilton and Adams supported the
______(country), while men like Jefferson supported the
______(country).
Washington tried to keep the U.S. out of the war by issuing the Proclamation of Neutrality. These were the two main points:
1.
2.
The foreigner that threaten American neutrality was______. He was trying to…………………………………………………………
10. Explain the parts of the following treaties:
Jay’s Treaty—this was negotiated with ______
______(country).
Americans dislike the treaty because:
1.
2.
Pinckney’s Treaty—negotiated with ______(country).
This treaty gave Americans use of the ______River and access to trade in ______.
11. When Washington left office he warned the U.S. against
1. involvement in foreign alliances
2. ?______(fill this in)
Section 3 – The First Political Parties
12. In Washington’s cabinet the two men who began to take opposing
views were ______and ______( last names will
do).
13. The first two political parties were the Federalists and the
Democratic-Republicans, or simply called the ______.
14. Understand and study the chart on p.269.
15. Which political party believed in implied powers?
16. Implied powers is the belief that ………………………………………
17. In 1796 the two candidates for Presidency were
______-- Federalist
______-- Democratic-Republican
The two candidates for vice-presidency were:
______--Federalist
______--Democratic Republican
18. The results of the 1796 election was :
______- President
______- Vice President
This occurred because the Constitution stated that……………………..
19. The major international incident that happened during the Adams presidency was the ______with France. This incident involved the French foreign minister, ______. He demanded a bribe before any negotiations would start. When the American diplomats refused both sides prepared for ______.
20. During this incident Adams faced criticism. To deal with this he encouraged Congress to pass the Alien and Sedition Acts. This is what those acts said:
Alien Act- this was directed against ______(group), and it gave the President power to ……………………….
Sedition Act- this act directed against anyone trying to weaken the government. This act made it a crime to write,______or ______and criticisms of the government that was either false, scandalous or ______.
21. As a part of these two acts the Congress also passed the ______Act that lengthened the time period it took to become a citizen of the U.S. It was changed from ______years to ______years, this was meant to discourage them.
22. Opposition to these acts were first stated in the ______&______that said the state could declare acts of Congress unconstitutional. This was the beginning of the states rights movement. The two authors of these statements were ______& ______.