Foreign Affairs
Volume 96, Issue 1, Jan/Feb 2017
1. Title: Out of Order?
Authors: Rose, Gideon.
Abstract:At worst, it could cause other countries to lose faith in the order's persistence and start to hedge their bets, distancing themselves from the United States, making side deals with China and Russia, and adopting beggar-thy-neighbor economic programs.
2. Title: Will the Liberal Order Survive? The History of an Idea
Authors:Nye, Joseph S, Jr.
Abstract:By this point, the United States had become the world's strongest power, but it saw no value in devoting resources or attention to providing global public goods such as an open economy or international security. [...]the demonstrable success of the order in helping secure and stabilize the world over the past seven decades has led to a strong consensus that defending, deepening, and extending this system has been and continues to be the central task of U.S. foreign policy. [...] that is-for recently, the desirability and sustainability of the order have been called into question as never before.
3. Title:Liberalism in Retreat: The Demise of a Dream
Authors:Niblett, Robin.
Abstract:According to the U.S. nonprofit Freedom House, the number of democratic governments increased from 44 in 1997 to 86 in 2015, accounting for about 68 percent of global GDP and 40 percent of the world's population. According to the political scientist Larry Diamond, since 2006, the world has entered a "democratic recession": the spread of individual freedom and democracy has come to a halt, if not retreated.
4.Title:The Once and Future Order: What Comes After Hegemony?
Authors:Mazarr, Michael J.
Abstract:The other is a more ambitious agenda: protecting human rights, fostering democratic political systems, promoting free-market economic reforms, and encouraging good governance. [...] recently, the tension between these two visions did not pose a serious problem. A second strategy for maintaining balance in a mixed order is to resolve, or at least defer, conflicts that arise out of major powers' claims to spheres of influence. Because of the vital interests involved and the risk of escalation, these pose the greatest threat to global stability.
5. Title:China and the World: Dealing With a Reluctant Power
Authors:Feigenbaum, Evan A.
Abstract:Around a decade ago, Washington began to change its approach. [...] the use of this form of U.S. economic statecraftnow seems likely to wane. [...]as its influence declines, the United States must find ways to rely more on its allies to act as a counterbalance to China where the United States cannot or will not do so itself.
6. Title:Will Washington Abandon the Order? The False Logic of Retreat
Authors:Schake, Kori.
Abstract:[...] he has made it clear in interviews with journalists and in his public remarks that he believes he has initiated a historic shifting Washington's engagement with the world, liberating his administration from the orthodoxy of a foreign policy establishment that is hobbled by groupthink ("the Blob," as one of Obama's closest advisers called it last year) and that has led the United States into a morass of financially and morally costly over commitment. To judge from Trump's campaign, the president-elect is less likely to adopt Lieber's and Cohen's policy prescriptions and more likely to retrench further: moving away from defense alliances and trade agreements, allowing China and Russia to increase their influence in their neighborhoods, disengaging from nation building, and scaling back efforts to influence the domestic policies of other countries.
7. Title:The International Criminal Court on Trial: A Conversation with FatouBensouda
Authors:Anonymous.
Abstract:A former deputy prosecutor at the court, Bensouda had also served as minister of justice in her home country of Gambia and worked at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. [In investigating the post-election violence that the country experienced in 2010-11, the icc has brought charges against the former president, Laurent Gbagbo, and his allies but not against supporters of the incumbent president, Alassane Ouattara.] But mainly because of resources, I have had to put it on the back burner. [...] in the Kenya cases [concerning post-election violence in 2007-8], there are issues of interfering with witnesses, issues of cooperation, issues of obstructionism, in particular.
8. Title:Are We Safe Yet? How to Manage Financial Crises
Authors: Geithner, Timothy F.
Abstract:The 2008 financial crisis was the most damaging economic event since the Great Depression, for both the United States and much of the global economy. The second thing to understand is that systemic financial shocks, ones involving panics and runs, are fundamentally more dangerous than other types of financial shocks, such as the one-offfailure of a single large bank, a stock market crash that is not accompanied by a broader fall in the value of risky assets, or the financial losses that stem from a modest recession. Panics and runs are dangerous not so much because of the damage they do to individual financial institutions but because of their capacity to lead to a vicious spiral of fire sales and a contraction in credit that threatens the stability of the entire financial system and can push the economy into recession.
9. Title:How to Build Middle East Peace: Why Bottom-Up Is Better Than Top-Down
Authors:Yaalon, Moshe.
Abstract:Rather than being imposed from the top down, in other words, the desire and the choice for peace have to rise from the bottom up, from the Palestinian people themselves. [...] that happens, continued negotiations along traditional lines will never live up to the hopes many place in them. The conventional wisdom is wrong because it is based on four misconceptions about the nature of the conflict-the first being that the core problem is Israel's occupation of territories gained in the Six-Day War, and so the key to peace must be an Israeli withdrawal to boundaries close to the pre-June 1967 lines.\n Within this framework, Israel should do everything in its power to train Palestinian police and security personnel to meet the PA's daunting security challenges.
10. Title:Europe AfterBrexit: A Less Perfect Union
Authors: Matthijs, Matthias.
Abstract:The United Kingdom's vote to leave the European Union has triggered the worst political crisis the EU has ever faced. Since the early 1950s, the EU has steadily expanded, but on June 23, 52 percent of British voters ignored the experts' warnings of economic misery and opted to leave the bloc. The eec's founding fathers left most political and economic powers with national governments, leaving the EEC to coordinate coal and steel production, agricultural support, and nuclear research, as well as internal trade relations and common foreign economic policies.\n Distributive policies that create winners and losers need to be legitimized democratically through regular elections and should therefore remain the sole preserve of national governments.
11. Title:The Opening of the North Korean Mind: Pyongyang versus the Digital Underground
Authors: Baek, Jieun.
Abstract:According to the most reliable estimates, around three-quarters of the North Korean population depends partly or solely on private market activity in order to survive. [...] the authorities have vastly improved their ability to monitor digital communications, making it extraordinarily difficult to send sensitive messages, much less organize.
12. Title:Getting Out of the Gulf: Oil and U.S. Military Strategy
Authors:Glaser, Charles L; Kelanic, Rosemary A.
Abstract:[...] independence is a meaningless concept when it comes to a fungible commodity. Because oil is sold on a global market, its price in the United States is inextricably linked to its price everywhere else. With sanctions on its oil exports lifted, Iran has more reason not to act aggressively and to keep Gulf oil flowing, since it has more revenue to lose from a disruption. [...]Because the country is now less likely to acquire a nuclear deterrent, the prospect that it would feel emboldened to menace the Strait of Hormuz has diminished.
13. Title:Congress and War: How the House and the Senate Can Reclaim Their Role
Authors:Weissman, Stephen R.
Abstract:Yet Congress remained a vital actor in foreign policy, debating and deciding on the United States' entry into World War I, passing extensive legislation on neutrality in the 1930s in a vain effort to avoid a new war, backing military aid to the United Kingdom under the lend-lease policy to fight Nazi Germany, and declaring war against Japan after it attacked Pearl Harbor. In 1989, for example, it struck a bipartisan accord on Nicaragua policy with the George H. W. Bush administration, a deal in which the governing junta would agree to hold elections in return for the phasing out of U.S. military aid to the contra rebels.
14. Title:The Lawyers' War: Counterterrorism From Bush to Obama to Trump
Authors: Johnsen, Dawn.
Abstract:[...] Obama rejected Bush's ideology of expansive executive authority and has done much to restore the rule of law to the U.S. government. [...] During the Bush administration, many executive-branch officials and employees resisted unlawful policies and actions.
以下是书评：
15. Title:Political and Legal: A World in Disarray: American Foreign Policy and the Crisis of the Old Order
Authors: Ikenberry, G John.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “A World in Disarray: American Foreign Policy and the Crisis of the Old Order,” byRichard Haass.
16.Title:Political and Legal: Cheap Threats: Why the United States Struggles to Coerce Weak States
Authors: Ikenberry, G John.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Cheap Threats: Why the United States Struggles to Coerce Weak States,” byDianne Pfundstein Chamberlain.
17. Title:Political and Legal: How Population Change Will Transform Our World
Authors: Ikenberry, G John.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “How Population Change Will Transform Our World,” bySarah Harper.
18. Title:Political and Legal: Once within Borders: Territories of Power, Wealth, and Belonging Since 1500
Authors: Ikenberry, G John.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Once within Borders: Territories of Power, Wealth, and Belonging Since 1500,” byCharles S. Maier.
19. Title:Economic, Social, and Environmental: Shadow Courts: The Tribunals That Rule Global Trade
Authors: Cooper, Richard N.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Shadow Courts: The Tribunals That Rule Global Trade,” byHaley Sweetland Edwards.
20. Title:Economic, Social, and Environmental: Capital Offenses: Business Crime and Punishment in America's Corporate Age
Authors: Cooper, Richard N.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Capital Offenses: Business Crime and Punishment in America's Corporate Age,” bySamuel W. Buell.
21. Title:Economic, Social, and Environmental: Citizens' Wealth: Why (and How) Sovereign Funds Should Be Managed by the People for the People
Authors:Cooper, Richard N.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Citizens' Wealth: Why (and How) Sovereign Funds Should Be Managed by the People for the People,” byAngela Cummine.
22. Title:Economic, Social, and Environmental: The Great Convergence: Information Technology and the New Globalization
Authors: Cooper, Richard N.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Great Convergence: Information Technology and the New Globalization,” byRichard Baldwin.
23. Title:Economic, Social, and Environmental: The Industries of the Future
Authors: Cooper, Richard N.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Industries of the Future,” byAlec Ross.
24. Title:Military, Scientific, and Technological: The Cold War They Made: The Strategic Legacy of Roberta and Albert Wohlstetter
Authors:Freedman, Lawrence D.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Cold War They Made: The Strategic Legacy of Roberta and Albert Wohlstetter,” byRon Robin.
25. Title:Military, Scientific, and Technological: How Everything Became War and the Military Became Everything: Tales from the Pentagon
Authors: Freedman, Lawrence D.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “How Everything Became War and the Military Became Everything: Tales from the Pentagon,” byRosa Brooks.
26. Title:Military, Scientific, and Technological: The Evolution of Modern Grand Strategic Thought
Authors: Freedman, Lawrence D.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Evolution of Modern Grand Strategic Thought,” byLukas Milevski.
27. Title:Military, Scientific, and Technological: A Savage War: A Military History of the Civil War
Authors:Freedman, Lawrence D.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “A Savage War: A Military History of the Civil War,” byWilliamson Murray and Wayne Wei-Siang Hsieh.
28. Title:Military, Scientific, and Technological: What Do We Know About Civil Wars?
Authors: Freedman, Lawrence D.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “What Do We Know about Civil Wars?” byT. David Mason and Sara Mclaughlin Mitchell.
29. Title:The United States: The Tragedy of U.S. Foreign Policy: How America's Civil Religion Betrayed the National Interest
Authors: Mead, Walter Russell.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Tragedy of U.S. Foreign Policy: How America's Civil Religion Betrayed the National Interest,” byWalter A. Mcdougall.
30. Title:The United States: This Vast Southern Empire: Slaveholders at the Helm of American Foreign Policy
Authors:Mead, Walter Russell.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “This Vast Southern Empire: Slaveholders at the Helm of American Foreign Policy,” byMatthew Karp.
31. Title:The United States: American Power and Liberal Order: A Conservative Internationalist Grand Strategy
Authors: Mead, Walter Russell.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “American Power and Liberal Order: A Conservative Internationalist Grand Strategy,” byPaul D. Miller.
32. Title:The United States: Making the Unipolar Moment: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Rise of the Post-Cold War Order
Authors: Mead, Walter Russell.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Making the Unipolar Moment: U.S. Foreign Policy and the Rise of the Post-Cold War Order,” byHal Brands.
33. Title:Western Europe: From Convergence to Crisis: Labor Markets and the Instability of the Euro
Authors:Moravcsik, Andrew.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “From Convergence to Crisis: Labor Markets and the Instability of the Euro,” byAlison Johnston.
34. Title:Western Europe: The Global Chancellor: Helmut Schmidt and the Reshaping of the International Order
Authors: Moravcsik, Andrew.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Global Chancellor: Helmut Schmidt and the Reshaping of the International Order,” byKristina Spohr.
35. Title:Western Europe: Primo Levi's Resistance: Rebels and Collaborators in Occupied Italy
Authors: Moravcsik, Andrew.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Primo Levi's Resistance: Rebels and Collaborators in Occupied Italy,” bySergio Luzzatto.
36. Title:Western Europe: Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics
Authors:Moravcsik, Andrew.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics,” byRichard Seymour.
37. Title:Western Hemisphere: The Harper Era in Canadian Foreign Policy: Parliament, Politics, and Canada's Global Posture: Beyond Afghanistan: An International Security Agenda for Canada
Authors: Feinberg, Richard.
Abstract:The article reviews these books “The Harper Era in Canadian Foreign Policy: Parliament, Politics, and Canada's Global Posture,” by Adam Chapnick and Christopher J. Kukucha and “Beyond Afghanistan: An International Security Agenda for Canada,” byJames Fergusson and Francis Furtado.
38. Title:Western Hemisphere: ToussaintLouverture: A Revolutionary Life
Authors: Feinberg, Richard.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Toussaint Louverture: A Revolutionary Life,” byPhilippe Girard.
39. Title:Western Hemisphere: Viva la Revolución: Hobsbawm on Latin America
Authors:Feinberg, Richard.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Viva la Revolución: Hobsbawm on Latin America,” byEric Hobsbawm.
40. Title:Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Republics: The Discovery of Chance: The Life and Thought of Alexander Herzen
Authors: Legvold, Robert.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “The Discovery of Chance: The Life and Thought of Alexander Herzen,” byAileen M. Kelly.
41. Title:Western Hemisphere: Peru: Staying the Course of Economic Success
Authors: Feinberg, Richard.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Peru: Staying the Course of Economic Success,” byAlejandro Santos and Alejandro Werner.
42. Title:Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Republics: Opposing Forces: Plotting the New Russia
Authors:Legvold, Robert.
Abstract:The article reviews the book “Opposing Forces: Plotting the New Russia,” byAlexei Navalny and Adam Michnik.
43. Title:Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Republics: Putin Country: A Journey Into the Real Russia
Authors: Legvold, Robert.