Specific Objectives

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

  1. Theories of Motor control and Motor Development

1. Define identified motor control terminology.

  1. Discuss factors influencing motor learning for skill acquisition.
  1. Normal Development and reflexes
  1. Contrast respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure between the newborn and a 5-6 year old child.
  2. Briefly discuss nervous system and musculoskeletal development.
  3. Discuss the implications of birth weight and its value as a predictor of normal development.
  4. Describe the Apgar Scale and its purpose.
  5. Describe and compare typical characteristics of the normal newborn and premature infant.
  6. Identify components of a newborn exam.
  7. Explain habituation and its significance with the neonate.
  8. Explain the testing procedures for, responses to, and significance of developmental reflexes and reactions.

IIIGross Motor Development

  1. Describe and discuss gross motor progression from 0-2 years of age.
  2. Discuss the development of normal postural control: righting reactions, protective reactions, equilibrium reactions and balance.
  3. Analyze the movements and behavior of children between the ages of 0-12 months and determine the demonstrated gross motor age of the child.
  4. Describe the progression of gait from automatic walking to independent ambulation.
  5. Describe the physical requirements and prerequisites needed for ambulation.

IVFine Motor/Vision

  1. Describe and discuss development of reach and grasp patterns.
  2. Describe and discuss fine motor development.
  3. Describe how vision contributes to reach.
  4. Identify and describe how information processing is important in vision and FM control.
  5. Identify the sequence in the development of vision.

V. POSTURAL CONTROL

  1. Discuss the basic principles for control of movement and posture.
  2. Identify and discuss the balance strategies.
  3. Discuss guidelines that can be used to determine problems with head and trunk control.
  4. Discuss treatment techniques for the child with head and trunk control problems.

VI. ABNORMAL DEVELOPMENT

  1. Identify potential problem signs in development.
  2. Discuss the sequence of abnormal motor development including missing components, compensations, habit, possible contractures and deformities.
  3. Describe how abnormal motor development can lead to “blocks”.
  4. Discuss the different “blocks” that can occur: neck, shoulder, pelvic-hip.
  5. Discuss possible treatment for the “blocks”.
  6. Describe pelvic positions and gait patterns noted with abnormal muscle tone.
  7. Evaluate a child by watching videotape and determine which “blocks” to normal movement are present.

VII. Adaptive Equipment

  1. Explain the overall goals of using adaptive equipment for the pediatric client.
  2. List the overall goals of using adaptive equipment for the pediatric client.
  3. Describe the process used in selecting adaptive equipment.

VIII. Public Laws

  1. Explain the overall purpose of the Education of the Handicapped Act and its amendments: the diagnostic criteria students must meet to qualify for special education services; the IEP, least restrictive environment, transition services.
  2. Explain the overall purpose of Part C of PL 99-457, including: the emphasis on the family; the IFSP, the differences between the IEP and the IFSP: eligibility requirements.
  3. Explain how a therapist determines educational relevance for a student to receive services.

IX. Assessment and Evaluation

  1. Describe the components of the different types of evaluations, including: screening; diagnostic evaluations.
  2. Perform an assessment on a child under supervision.
  3. Write up STG and LTG based on assessment.
  4. Discuss and perform strategies for treatment on child under supervision.

X. Cerebral Palsy

  1. Define the term Cerebral Palsy.
  2. Explain the incidence, etiology, and method of diagnosing CP and include the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors that increase the risk of CP.
  3. Compare and contrast the different classifications of CP (hemiplegia, diplegia, quadriplegia, athetosis, ataxia, flaccid hypotonia, and mixed types).
  4. Discuss the typical problems and impairments for each classification of CP.
  5. Discuss the areas that should be assessed with as infant or child with CP, and the reasons each area needs to be addressed.
  6. Discuss treatment strategies for a child with CP.

XI. Down Syndrome

  1. Describe the etiology of Down syndrome.
  2. Discuss the pathology of Down syndrome including the typical facial appearance and other characteristic features, as well as the orthopedic, neurologic, cardiopulmonary, and visual problems associated with this syndrome.
  3. Discuss the areas to examine on an initial assessment as well as on further treatment sessions.
  4. Discuss the common movement patterns seen in an infant or child with Down syndrome.
  5. Discuss the related medical conditions and precautions that should be used when developing a treatment program for the infant or child with Down syndrome.
  6. Discuss the treatment strategies for child with Down syndrome.

XII. Myelodysplasia

  1. Explain the pathoembryology of myelodysplasia.
  2. Discuss the different types of neural tube defects and the associated clinical presentations.
  3. Discuss the incidence of and early diagnosis of myelomeningocele.
  4. Explain the impairments that can occur in myelomeningocele and the result on the child’s function or development.
  5. Identify the early warning signs and symptoms of shunt dysfunction.
  6. Identify signs of progressive neurologic dysfunction and make appropriate referral.
  7. Discuss the orthoses and ambulation aids most commonly used with the child with myelodysplasia.
  8. Discuss the treatment strategies for a child with myelodysplasia.

XIII. Muscular Dystrophy/Spinal Muscular Dystrophy

  1. Describe the incidence, etiology, diagnosis, pathology, and impairments seen in Duchenne’s, Becker’s, SMA.
  2. Discuss the role of the physical/occupational therapist in the treatment of children with MD.

XIV. Family/Client/Professional Communication

1. Perform an interview of family member (s) and professional (s) involved in the care of a client.

2. Discuss the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment with health professional (s) involved in the care of a client.

3. Discuss the family impact of disability with members of child’s family.

XV. Presentation of Specific Topics

1. Presentation of assigned topic to classmates, faculty, and/or local state therapists.

2. Discuss diagnosis, prognosis, and current treatment of assigned topic.

3. Discuss the research and/or literature support for particular therapy interventions highlighted in presentation.

CS 8-15-03