Soc. 4111 Spring 2011 Exam #2
Name
1. A particular theory about the nature of being or the kinds of existences:
a. social statics b. social dynamics
c. ontology d. epistemology
2. Which of these statements is true according to Comte?
a. psychology is the primary human science
b. mathematics is the earliest science
c. all sciences must someday be mathematical in form
d. science cannot be applied to understanding human behavior
3. The "Demographic tendency" refers to
a. a tendency to limit population growth below the level of misery
b. the tendency for a successful society to grow in size
c. the probability that decision-making becomes more widespread
4. Who saw religion as the mechanism that held feudalism together?
a. Saint-Simon b. Comte
c. Spencer d. Martineau
5. Which of the following theorists conceived of religion as a mechanism of social control?
a. Spencer b. Comte
c. Saint-Simon d. Martineau
6. The industrial type of society identified by Spencer is based on _______ relations.
a. voluntary b. forced
c. social d. scientifically engineered
7. As used by St. Simon and Comte, this term refers not to a historical analysis per se but to the comparisons of societies at different levels of development.
a. ontology b. historical method
c. Social dynamics d. social statics
8. In Saint Simon's view of the emerging class structure in France, he foresaw which group as the dominant social group?
a. clergy b. scientists
c. industrialists d. nobility
9. Although many things caused feudalism to decline, which of the following was a major contributor according to Saint Simon:
a. industrialization b. Protestantism
c. enlightenment d. science
10. According to Comte, the largest social combination possible would be:
a. family b. cities
c. nation-states d humanity
11. The concept of Social Dynamic was central to the thought of:
a. Comte b. Spencer
c. Martineau d. Bat Man
12. Positivism, industrialism, internationalism, and the "new religion" were critical concepts for:
a. Comte b. Saint-Simon
c. Spencer d. Martineau
13. Comte believed that societies could move quickly from one stage of development to another through the process of diffusion.
a. true b. false
14. In this stage of intellectual development, phenomena are understood in terms of supposed innate essences or a priori dispositions.
a. Theological b. Metaphysical
c. Positivistic d. Homogenous
15. According to , Sociology is the Queen of sciences.
a. St. Simon b. Spencer
c. Comte d. Martineau
16. Saint-Simon saw as a way of creating stability in the scientific stage.
a. Consensus Universalis b. the state
c. the new religion d. none of the above
17. Comte thought the role of sociology was to look for:
a. causes of social behavior b. natural laws based on science
c. the process of insight d. sources of myth
18. Comte maintained that the most basic unit of analysis for sociology is:
a. the individual b. the family
c. social combinations d. the world
19. Social order is possible in Comte's view because of:
a. a social contract b. strong political leaders
c. Consensus Universalis d. none of the above
20. In this stage, phenomena are explained in terms of observed relationships of order and change.
a. Theological b. Metaphysical
c. Positivistic d. Homogenous
21. Relationships between social phenomena that hold true at all times and all places are:
a. invariable social laws b. preconceived ideas
c. the essence of dynamics d. none of the above
22. According to Martineau, to evaluate a culture different than one’s own, you must use:
a. the utilitarian principle b. One’s own standard
c. it can’t be done d. a universal standard
23. In this stage, phenomena are understood in terms of the actions of supernatural agencies such as spirits, demons, or gods.
a. Theological b. Metaphysical
c. Positivistic d. Homogenous
24. According to Comte the most basic law in sociology was the:
a. law of diffusion b. law of moral density
c. law of differentiation d. law of three stages
25. According to Spencer, differentiation of structure must be accompanied by differentiation of function.
a. True b. false
26. From Martineau’s perspective, the morals of a community are always reflected in it’s manners.
a. True b. false
27. According to ______, complex societies are able to absorb change more redily and are less susceptible to drastic change.
a. St. Simon b. Comte
c. Martineau d. Spencer
28. According to St. Simon, society in the positivistic stage will be controlled by:
a. theologins
b. by the nation-state
c. scientists
d. sociologists
29. According to Martineau, a social researcher must:
a. be impartial b. have sympathetic understanding
c. be critical d. all of the above
30. Which of the following theorists was concerned with the question of what holds society together and makes it stable?
a. Saint-Simon b. Comte
c. Smith d. all of the a
SOCIAL STATICS (<font color="brown">Comte</font>) </b> <BLOCKQUOTE> Relationships or the study of relationships of elements of society at one point in time. Emphasis is on the functional and systematic relationships.
SOCIAL DYNAMICS (<font color="brown">Comte</font>)</b> <BLOCKQUOTE>
Relationships or the study of relationships of elements of society across time and in terms of change, evolution, or progress.
RELIGION OF HUMANITY (<font color="brown">Comte</font>) </b> <BLOCKQUOTE> Unifying the "spiritual" belief that Comte believed would develop in the positive stage of society. Involves the worship of humanity as a single "great being."
METAPHYSICAL STAGE (<font color="brown">Comte</font>) </b> <BLOCKQUOTE> In this era, phenomena are understood in terms of supposed innate essences or a priori dispositions. Applied to the development of society as a whole and to the development of each particular science.
INVARIABLE SOCIAL LAWS (<font color="brown">Comte</font>) </b> <BLOCKQUOTE> Relationships between social phenomena that hold true at all times and all places.
HISTORICAL METHOD (<font color="brown">Comte</font>) </b> <BLOCKQUOTE> This term refers not to a historical analysis per se but to the comparisons of societies at different levels of development.