Science Chapter 1
Study Guide
1. What is the smallest unit of a living thing?
2. How are plant and animal cells similar?
3. Looking carefully at the illustration of the animal cell. What is the job of the nucleus?
4. Cells that look _________ can have different jobs.
5. Why would you use a microscope?
6. Which kingdom lives on land and absorbs its food from other living or nonliving things?
7. What is the second part of an organism’s scientific name?
8. How do pine trees reproduce?
9. Look carefully at the illustration of the liverworts. Liverworts is best described as a ______________ plant.
10. Why would a scientist classify an animal a vertebrate?
11. A spider is an example of a (n) ____________________.
12. Having brown fur is an example of a (n) ______________ of an animal.
13. Migration is an example of _________________________.
14. What is a behavior a bear must learn from its parents?
15. A marking on a butterfly scares away predators. What is this an example of?
16. Compare and contrast the life cycle of a Burmese python and a garden snail.
17. Explain why and how a Canada goose migrates.
Science Chapter 2
Study Guide
1. What do all plants have?
2. What do plants need to live?
3. Look carefully at the illustration of the plant cell below.
What structure is labeled A?
4. How is a pine needle like a tulip leaf?
5. What two main things do stems of plants do?
6. Why does a daisy have a flexible stem instead of a woody stem?
7. What kind of root is a carrot?
8. Why does making nectar help flowers become pollinated?
9. Look carefully at the illustration of the flower below.
What is the function of the stamen, labeled A?
10. How are sunlight and plant reproduction linked?
11. What plant grows from spores, not seeds?
12. Describe a spore.
13. How does a plant grow from seeds?
14. How could you grow apples without starting from apple seeds?
15. Describe the process of photosynthesis in detail.
16. How are taproots and fibrous roots different? How are they alike?
17. Explain how a grass is pollinated and then fertilized?
Science Chapter 3
Study Guide
1. Why is a desert a system?
2. Describe an ecosystem.
3. What is the best explanation for a decrease in a population of birds in a community?
4. Look carefully at the illustration of the prairie dog below.
What does the illustration best show?
5. What adaptation would be most useful to an animal whose niche is eating nectar from plants?
6. What is the main energy source for life on Earth?
7. Which of the following is a producer?
Deer, Grass, Hawk, or Worm
8. Look carefully at the illustration below. This illustration is an example of a _______________________.
9. What is a decomposer?
10. What is most likely to happen if most of a population of animals dies of disease?
11. What is an omnivore?
12. What are two things that travel through a food chain that animals need?
13. What is the place of the freshwater snail in the swamp food chain?
14. How do decaying organisms in a swamp help create the next generation of organisms?
15. What is the role of zooplankton in a food web?
16. What is the difference between the niche and the habitat of a desert roadrunner?
17. Explain what a food web is and how it differs from a food chain.
Science Chapter 4
Study Guide
1. Why do chipmunks in the Great Smoky Mountains survive?
2. Describe a balanced ecosystem.
3. A meadow has too many rabbits. What would help balance this ecosystem?
4. Look carefully at the illustration below. How do these organisms’ interactions help balance their ecosystem?
5. How would an ecosystem change if the rabbits that were the main prey for foxes became sick and died?
6. What impact does a parasite have in an ecosystem?
7. Look carefully at the illustration below. What does this illustration show?
8. What would cause an ecosystem to change quickly?
9. What might be the effect on an ecosystem of a climate change from rainy to dry?
10. What could scientists tell from a fish fossil found in a desert?
11. What might be a reason an animal becomes extinct?
12. How are a hawk and an owl able to succeed, even though they compete for food?
13. What is one way people can disturb the balance of ecosystems?
14. How can damage from strip mines be repaired?
15. Why did the United States establish national parks?
16. Explain the relationship between parasites and hosts.
17. How could a flood affect an entire ecosystem?
Science Chapter 5
Study Guide
1. What can muscle cells form?
2. What are the jobs of the skeletal system?
3. What kinds of muscles are voluntary?
4. Look carefully at the illustration of human bones below. What are the bones labeled A and B?
5. How does a pair of skeletal muscles work together?
6. Describe the path of air through the body after it enters the nose or mouth.
7. Describe nerve cells or neurons.
8. What is digestion?
9. What are the organs of the digestive system?
10. What does the brain do?
11. Look carefully at the illustration below. What system does this illustration show?
12. Maria was ill with measles when she was younger. Why will she not get the disease again?
13. How are viruses and bacteria different?
14. What important discovery did Alexander Fleming make?
15. How do skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles differ?
16. How do the respiratory and circulatory systems provide oxygen to the body and rid it of carbon dioxide?
17. Describe the path of blood through the body.
Science
Chapter 6 Study Guide
1. How much of Earth’s surface is water?
2. Contrast the water in oceans with fresh water.
3. Look carefully at the illustration below. How will the air at the top of the mountain be different from the air at the base/bottom of the mountain?
4. Why is the Baltic Sea less salty than other seas?
5. What is the Sun’s role in the water cycle?
6. What happens when moist air rises?
7. What is condensation?
8. Look carefully at the weather map below. What do the curving lines on this weather map show?
9. What best describes air?
10. What happens to air when there is an area of low pressure nearby?
11. What instrument measures air pressure?
12. What is humidity?
13. Why do you often see clouds along a cold front?
14. What are stratus clouds?
15. How are greenhouse gases beneficial?
16. Explain and describe the water cycle.
17. Describe what happens when a cold air mass meets a warm air mass that is not moving.
Science
Chapter 7 Study Guide
1. Describe a hurricane.
2. Where does a tropical storm get its energy?
3. Describe the conditions in a hurricane’s eye.
4. What damage can occur from a storm surge?
5. What do hurricane models predict?
6. Look carefully at the illustration below. What type of storm is shown by the graph?
7. What information do computer models predict?
8. Look carefully at the illustration below. What part of the tornado is shown by the arrow?
9. What data do scientists use to classify tornados on the Fujita Scale?
10. What should a person do when a tornado warning is given?
11. How are tornados and hurricanes similar?
12. Explain how scientists work together to forecast hurricanes.
13. Describe two ways that hurricanes cause damage and two ways tornados cause damage.
Science
Chapter 8 Study Guide
1. Describe rocks.
2. What are minerals?
3. What is mica?
4. Which mineral has a hardness of 7 on the Mohs scale?
5. Describe talc.
6. What is weathering?
7. What makes up soil?
8. Look carefully at the illustration below. What kind of rock is shown?
9. What are the properties of sedimentary rock?
10. What can form fossils?
11. Look carefully at the illustration below. Which is an example of an igneous rock that cooled very quickly?
12. What are the properties of igneous rock?
13. At very high temperatures and pressures, granite can become gneiss. What kind of rock is gneiss?
14. How can sedimentary rock form into metamorphic rock?
15. A sedimentary rock melts. What kind of rock forms?
16. What three things can scientists tell from a fossil?
17. Explain how soil forms and what soil contains.
Science
Chapter 12 Study Guide
1. Look carefully at the illustration below. What type of matter is shown?
2. As an object _______________, the particles move ______________.
3. The liquid inside a thermometer contracts. What does this mean about the substance it is measuring?
4. What is the measure of the average amount of motion in particles of matter?
5. Look carefully at the illustration below. How is heat moving from the stove to the pot in the illustration?
6. What are insulators?
7. What forms when heated air expands and cooler air sinks below the warmer air?
8. What are you feeling when you feel the warmth from a light bulb on your skin?
9. What does thermal energy measure?
10. What method of heat transfer does not require matter?
11. Give an example of convection.
12. What is energy?
13. Explain the difference between an insulator and a conductor. Identify one insulator and one conductor.
14. Explain how a radiator heats a room’s air. Include in your answer the way heat moves from the radiator to the room.
Science
Chapter 13 Study Guide
1. What causes static electricity?
2. A ______________________ object ___________ a positively charged object.
3. What would be a good conductor for a closed circuit?
4. Where is a magnetic field the strongest?
5. A material that conducts electric current poorly is called a ______________________.
6. Look carefully at the picture below. What would happen to the other light bulbs in the circuit if one light bulb burns out?
7. Why does a compass needle point in a north-south direction?
8. In a doorbell, electromagnets help convert _________________ to _________________________ to ________________________.
9. How can the strength of an electromagnet be increased?
10. What did Michael Faraday do when he discovered that changing a magnetic field created an electric current in a wire?
11. What is produced when a coiled wire is spun around a magnet?
12. Look carefully at the illustration below. What type of particles will gather near the bottom of this cloud before energy is released as lightning?
13. Explain what happens to a magnet’s poles if a magnet is broken into two parts. What poles will seek each other on the two magnet parts?
14. Do modern homes use electricity that is arranged in series or in parallel circuits? Explain your reasoning.
Science
Chapter 14 Study Guide
1. What type of energy is formed by vibrating objects?
2. A sound wave is a type of _______________________ wave.
3. Where would you be traveling in complete silence?
4. A guitarist strums two strings on a guitar. The first string vibrates more quickly than the second string. What is true about the pitch of the strings?
5. Look carefully at the illustration below. Which part of the ear is filled with liquid that vibrates, causing little hairs to move?
6. How are light waves and sound waves similar?
7. When does light refract?
8. Look carefully at the illustration below. What type of material is used to make the stained glass window?
9. What muscular part of the eye controls how much light enters the eye?
10. What happens to light that passes through a concave lens?
11. How can yellow light, ultraviolet waves and X rays be described?
12. Describe how wind instruments produce sound, and explain why shorter instruments have a higher pitch.
13. Identify two sources of light, and explain the importance of each source of light to life on Earth.
Science
Chapter 15 Study Guide
1. A teacher walks by a student’s desk. The student’s desk was in front of the teacher and is now behind the teacher. What term describes the change in the teacher’s position compared to the desk?
2. A train goes around a corner at the same speed it was traveling on a straight track. What is this an example of?
3. A student wants to describe the velocity of a moving car. What information does the student need?
4. Which of the following objects require the least amount of force to move it 5 m?
golf ball, soccer ball, bowling ball, or table tennis ball
5. Two students push boxes with the same mass for 10 seconds. Describe what kind of student will move his/her box a greater distance.
6. Look carefully at the illustration below. How can the forces used by Rover and Buster in the illustration best be described?
7. What happens if balanced forces are applied to a moving object?
8. A soccer ball is rolled across four different surfaces with the same force. What surface will slow the movement of the soccer ball the most?
9. Force is measured in what unit?
10. A student is holding a yo-yo in his hand. He is ready to release it, but has not done so yet. What kind of energy does the yo-yo have?
11. What describes the motion of a guitar string as it is plucked?
12. Describe a contact force and a noncontact force that affect the motion of a baseball after a pitch has thrown the ball.
13. How do distance and mass affect the force of gravity between objects?
Science
Chapter 17 Study Guide
1. Why can’t you feel Earth’s movement?
2. What is the spinning of Earth around its axis called?
3. What is the reason why day turns into night on Earth?
4. What keeps Earth revolving around the Sun?
5. What causes the seasons to change on Earth?
6. Look carefully at the illustration below. What phase of the moon is shown?
7. As the Moon orbits around Earth, which side of the Moon faces Earth?
8. What is a clue that Earth is moving?
9. Look carefully at the illustration below. What event will occur when the Sun, Moon, and Earth are in the positions shown in the illustration?
10. Describe the Sun.
11. A teacher points out a group of objects in the night sky and calls the group a constellation. What is a constellation?
12. What occurs when the Moon passes through Earth’s shadow?
Science
Chapter 18 Study Guide
1. Dr. Chang studies objects in space. What science is this?
2. How does gravity affect the movement of planets?
3. Why is Mercury very hot during the daytime and extremely cold during the nighttime?
4. A scientist describes a planet in the following way: This planet is an inner planet with two moons. The planet sometimes has huge dust storms that cover the entire planet. The rocks and soil found on the planet are rich in iron. What planet is the scientist describing?