World History Note Outline

Ch. 17 European Renaissance and Reformation

I.  Italy’s advantages

  1. Why did people want a change after the middle ages?
  2. What did people start to question after the middle ages?
  3. Renaissance-
  4. What culture did it try to bring back?
  5. What new values did it introduce?
  6. Where did the renaissance start?
  7. What advantages did this region have?
  8. How did cities help the growth of the renaissance?
  9. Medici Family
  10. How did they gain power?

II.  Classical and worldly values

  1. Humanism
  2. Humanities
  3. What did they believe about humans enjoying life?
  4. Secular
  5. How did church leaders become more worldly?
  6. Patrons
  7. Renaissance Man
  8. Did women have the same expectations?
  9. Isabella d’Este

III.  The Renaissance Revolutionizes Art

  1. Realistic art
  2. Perspective
  3. Leonardo da Vinci

IV.  Renaissance writers change literature

  1. Dante
  2. Vernacular
  3. What did renaissance writers write about?
  4. Francesco Petrarch
  5. Machiavelli
  6. The Prince
  7. What did it say about how a ruler should gain power and keep power?
  8. What traits do people have according to this book?

V.  The Northern Renaissance begins

  1. How did the population in Europe change in 1450?
  2. How did the renaissance ideas in Italy start to spread?
  3. What criticisms did people start to develop about the church?
  4. Erasmus
  5. What did he believe about Christianity?
  6. Thomas More
  7. Utopia

VI.  The Elizabethan Age

  1. What country did this age have to do with?
  2. William Shakespeare
  3. What did he look at often in his work?

VII.  Printing spreads Renaissance Ideas

  1. Where did printing come to Europe from?
  2. What problems did the early printing have for Europeans?
  3. Johann Gutenburg
  4. What famous work did he print in 1455?
  5. What did the new forms of printing do for the ideas of the Renaissance?

VIII.  Legacy of the Renaissance

  1. What are some of the changes from the Renaissance?
  2. Be able to list 4 of them

IX.  Causes of the reformation

  1. What challenged church authority?
  2. How did many people feel about church leaders during this time?
  3. What was happening to the pope and clergy during this time?
  4. The power of the Bible verse the church

X.  Luther challenges the church

  1. Who was Martin Luther?
  2. What did Luther decide to take a public stand against?
  3. Indulgences
  4. What false impression was Tetzel giving people?
  5. 95 Thesis
  6. Where would he post these?
  7. What did he ask other scholars to do after posting his 95 thesis?
  8. How did his ideas spread?
  9. What did Luther want from the church?
  10. What three things were his ideas based on?

XI.  The Responses to Luther

  1. How did the pope respond to Luther’s popularity?
  2. Excommunication
  3. Did Luther do what the pope asked him to do?
  4. What happened to Luther?
  5. Charles V
  6. Town of Worms
  7. What did Charles order Luther to do?
  8. What did Luther do?
  9. Edict of Worms
  10. Did people honor this Edict?
  11. How did Luther respond to a failed violent revolt by many peasants in Germany?
  12. How did the peasants feel about his reaction?
  13. Two groups are formed in response to Luther
  14. German princes that remained loyal to the pope
  15. Princes that sided with Luther
  16. Protestants
  17. The two sides go to war
  18. Peace of Augsburg

XII.  England becomes Protestant

  1. Henry VIII
  2. Why did Henry want to divorce his first wife?
  3. Why could Henry not get a divorce?
  4. What was his other option to end his marriage?
  5. Annul
  6. Did the pope annul his marriage?
  7. Who finally legalized his divorce?
  8. Anne Boleyn
  9. What happened to Boleyn when she did not have a son?
  10. Henry’s third wife finally has a son
  11. Why was there religious turmoil in England after Henry’s death
  12. Anglican Church
  13. Who was the leader of this church?
  14. How did she try to please both protestant and catholic?

XIII.  Calvin continues the reformation

  1. What were some of Calvin’s main beliefs?
  2. Predestination
  3. Calvinism
  4. Theocracy
  5. Geneva, Switzerland
  6. John Knox
  7. Presbyters and Presbyterians
  8. Huguenots

XIV.  Other Protestant Reformers

  1. Anabaptists- What did they believe?

XV.  The Catholic Reformation

  1. What did the catholic leaders try to do with the Catholic church to encourage people to stay Catholic?
  2. Society of Jesus
  3. Jesuits
  4. What changes were made?
  5. Council of Trent