World Geography – 1st Semester Final Exam

Study Guide

Part I – North Africa, Southwest and Central Asia

Which country is the largest in land area?A: Russia

Explain what a countries GDP per capita is A: Total amount of money made by a country divided by the countries population or average income.

The most common official language of the countries in Southwest Asia, Central Asia and

North AfricaArabic

The religion that the most people practice in Southwest Asia, Central Asia and North

Africa CountriesIslam

Describe the conditions of the Syrian DesertReceives less than 5 inch of precipitation per year and is blocked by ancient lava flows.

What are the voting rights of the Egyptian people?All people 18 and over may vote, but there is only one political party. So it is not truly free

What was the Suez Canal Crisis in 1956?The Egyptians closed the Suez Canal which resulted in an attack by the British.

Describe the Suez CanalIt connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea

What is OPEC and why was it formed? It is the Organization of Petroluem Exporting Countries. It sets prices and production amounts for Oil from Southwest Asian countries.

Describe the limitations that climate and landforms place on the people of Saudi Arabia

A: Much of Saudi Arabia is a desert so people must live near water. There are mountains in the southern part of Saudi Arabia that have a cooler climate.

Farming can be difficult in Saudi Arabia due to the lack of rainfall in some areas.

Describe the limitations that climate and landforms place on the people in the mountains

of Afghanistan

A: The mountain regions of Afghanistan are rocky and create difficult travel. Agriculture is difficult there.

Describe the limitations that climate and landforms place on the people in the mountains

of Iran

A: Travel can be difficult in some mountainous areas as well as farming due to the climate created by these mountains. In some areas soil is more fertile due to milder climates in areas near the mountains.

The capital of Iraq isBaghdad

The capital of Afghanistan isKabul

The capital of Egypt isCairo

The capital of Israel isJerusalem

Who is(was) the dictator of Libya?Muammar al-Gaddafi

What are trade sanctions and how did they affect Libya?A: Trade sanctions are when other countries stopping trading with a nation. They forced Libya to change some of thier policies

How does Tunisia compare to other North African countries in their poverty rate and

women's rights?They have a low poverty rate and a good record of women's rights.

What are casbahs?Old castles and areas of cities

What happened in the early 1990's that affected Algeria as a nation? They had a civil war

Explain what is happening between Morocco and the area called Western Sahara

A: Western Sahara has begun fighting for their independence from Morocco.

Turkey was once a part of what empire? Ottoman Empire

What is special about the city of Damascus? A: It is one of the oldest continually lived in cities in the world

What Muslim group based in Lebanon has caused tensions in Southwest Asia to rise

since 2006? Hezbollah

What countries has Hezbollah attacked?Israel

Briefly explain how Israel was formed in 1947.Israel was formed in 1947 by partioning part of Palestine.

What group of people has been in conflict with Israel since its formation? Palestinians

Bahrain is considered a center of what industry for Southwest Asia?Banking

Explain the main economic activities in the city of Dubai.A: Dubai has a large shipping port. Dubai is a major financial center. Dubai is a major tourist location.

Contrastthe economies of Oman and Yemen A: Oman has a strong economy based on oil production, while Yemen has a weak economy.

When were some of the first free elections held in Iraq? 2005

Who is the current leader of Iran? Mahmoud Ahmadinejad

Iran's involvement with what form of energy has made many governments in the world

nervous?Nuclear Energy

What group has caused some of the remaining tension in Afghanistan?Supporters of the Taliban government

What are two countries or empires that have attempted to control Afghanistan in the past? Russia and Great Britain

What type of economy is the government in Kazakhstan attempting to start? Free-Market economy

What important trade route was Uzbekistan once a part of? Silk Road

What desert makes up a huge portion of Turkmenistan? Kara Kum

What happened in 2005 that has made the country of Kyrgyzstan unstable?A revolt against the government

What happened in the 1990's that still affects Tajikistan?A civil war

Why do tourists visit Georgia?A: Beaches, Skiing, Hot springs

What is genocide?The deliberate killing of an ethnic group

What country is Armenia in conflict with?A: Azerbaijan

Why is Azerbaijan's economic future promising?They have begun to produce oil.

Which of the following best explains what the Soviet Union was and when it existed.A: A communist nation that included Russia and 15 other countries. It existed between 1917 and 1991.

Theocracy - A government system run by religious leaders

Theocracy in Egyptian society – The pharaoh or leader of Egypt was considered a god by the people.

Islam – Who started it? When? Where? Major beliefs. - Muhammad. 600 AD. Saudi Arabia. 5 pillars of Islam and following the Quran

Christianity - Who started it? When? Where? Major beliefs. – Jesus. 2000 years ago. Israel. Following the Old and New Testaments of the Bible.

Judaism - Who started it? When? Where? Major beliefs. - Abraham. 4000 years ago. Mesopotamia. Following the Talmud and Torah

Why and how did writing begin? * 2 examples of early writing - ______, ______

Writing began to keep track of trade goods and the amount of food. It also began as picture-writing or pictograms. Examples – Cuneiform and Hieroglyphics

Mesopotamia – where? Important leader? Writing type?

Mesopotamia is in present day Iraq and near the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. One of the important leaders was Hammurabi. They wrote with Cuneiform.

Ancient Egypt – where? Writing type? Government/religion?

Where – Egypt along the NileRiver. Writing type – Hieroglyphics. Egyptians used a theocracy for government, where the pharaoh was believed to be a god.

Tigris and EuphratesRivers – Cultural hearth of Mesopotamia and Asia

NileRiver – Cultural Hearth of North Africa and Egypt.

Part II – Comprehensive Section

Latitude – imaginary lines that travels east to west around the world. Measured North or South of the equator. Also called parallels

Longitude – imaginary lines that travels north to south and meet at the poles. Measured East or West of the prime meridian. Also called meridians.

Absolute location – the latitude and longitude of a place.

How to determine latitude and longitude

Population Density and how to figure it

Economic and Political Systems vocab!!

Natural Resource

Nonrenewable Resource

Renewable Resoure