Worksheet: Gas Laws

Worksheet: Gas Laws

General Questions – answers are in notes

1. Give 3 characteristics of a gas. In other words, how are they different from solids and liquids?

1. What is pressure? What are common units of pressure?

1. Explain briefly why the pressure decreases as the altitude increases?

Boyle’s Law Questions

1. For each of the following sets of pressure/volume data, calculate the missing quantity. Assume the temperature remains constant.

a)V1 = 123L at 4.56 atm; V2 =? at 1.32 atm

b)V1= 634 mL at 0.0332 atm; V2 = 166 mL at ? atm?

1. An aerosol can contain 400 mL of compressed gas at 5.2 atm. When the gas is sprayed into a large plastic bag, the bag inflates to a volume of 2.14L. What is the pressure of gas inside the plastic bag?

1. A gas has a volume of 450 mL. If the temperature is held constant,

a)What volume would the gas occupy if the pressure were doubled? (Hint: Express P2 in terms of P1)

b)What volume would the gas occupy if the pressure were reduced to one-fourth of its original value?

Charles’ Law Questions(remember to convert °C to K first!)

1. How hot will a 2.3 L balloon have to get to expand to a volume of 400 L? Assume that the initial temperature of the balloon is 25°C.

1. A soda bottle is flexible enough that the volume of the bottle can change even without opening it. If you have an empty soda bottle (volume of 2 L) at room temperature (25°C), what will the new volume be if you put it in your freezer (-4°C)?

1. The temperature inside my refrigerator is about 40 Celsius. If I place a balloon in my fridge that initially has a temperature of 220 C and a volume of 0.5 liters, what will be the volume of the balloon when it is fully cooled by my refrigerator?

1. A man heats a balloon in the oven (which is obviously a terrible idea by the way; I did not come up with this question FYI). If the balloon initially has a volume of 0.4 liters and a temperature of 200C, what will the volume of the balloon be after he heats it to a temperature of 2500C?

Combined Gas Law Questions

1. 500 liters of a gas are prepared at 700.0 mm Hg and 200°C. The gas is placed into a tank under high pressure. When the tank cools to 20°C, the pressure of the gas is 30.0 atm. What is the volume of the gas?

1. A gas is heated from 263 K to 298 K and the volume is increased from 24 liters to 35 liters by moving a large piston within a cylinder. If the original pressure was 1.00 atm, what would the final pressure be?

Ideal Gas Law Questions(remember there are 2 version of R constant. One for atm and one for kPa!)

1. At what pressure would 0.150 mole of nitrogen gas at 23°C occupy 8.90 L?

1. How many moles of a gas would be present in a gas trapped within a 37 L vessel at 80°C at a pressure of 2.50 atm?

1. What volume would 32.0 g of NO2gas occupy at 3.12 atm and 18°C?

Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure Questions

1. In a compressed air tank for scuba diving, a mixture with an oxygen partial pressure of 28 atm and a nitrogen partial pressure of 110 atm is used. What is the total partial pressure in the tank?

1. A balloon contains 75 kPa N2, 15 kPa O2, 5 kPa CO2, and water vapour. If atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa what is the partial pressure of water vapour?

Answers:

4 a) 425 L4b) 0.127 atm5. 0.97 atm6a) 225 mL6b) 1800 mL7. 51,826 K

8. 1.81 L9. 0.47 L10. 0.71 L 11.9.5 L12. 0.78 atm

13.41.5 kPa (or 0.41 atm)14. 3.2 atm 15. 5.4 L16. 138 atm17. PH2O=5 kPa