Exam 1 Review
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University / Leader: / Brandon
Course: / Biol 211
Instructor: / Dr. Boury
Date: / 9/13/2016

Chapter 1

  1. Which of the following is a fundamental trait of life?
  2. Information
  3. Water
  4. Natural Selection
  5. Evolution
  6. A and B
  7. C and D
  8. A and D
  9. All of the above
  10. None of the above
  1. Which of the following statements is correct?
  2. Viruses cannot replicate without a host, but they can survive without a host.
  3. Viruses can replicate without a host and can survive without a host.
  4. Viruses cannot replicate without a host, nor survive without a host.
  5. Viruses can replicate without a host, but cannot survive without a host.
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. What conclusion did Louis Pasteur come to, based on the results of Pasteur’s experiment?
  2. All cells reproduce by binary fission.
  3. Pre-existing cells in the air do not give to new cells.
  4. All cells arise via spontaneous generation.
  5. There must be pre-existing cells in order for new cells to arise.
  6. B and C
  7. All of the above
  8. None of the above
  1. What determines if an individual has greater or less fitness?
  2. The length of time an individual survives.
  3. The amount of viable offspring an individual produces.
  4. The number of mates an individual has.
  5. The amount of offspring an individual produces.
  6. B and D
  7. A and D
  8. All of the above
  9. None of the above
  1. Which of the following statements is correct?
  2. Natural selection acts on individuals.
  3. Individuals undergo evolutionary change.
  4. Natural selection acts on populations.
  5. Evolutionary change occurs in populations.
  6. A and C
  7. B and C
  8. A and D
  9. C and D
  10. All of the above
  1. What claim(s) were made by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace regarding the natural world?
  2. Individuals within a population vary in characteristics that are heritable.
  3. All species are related by common ancestry.
  4. Characteristics of species can be modified from generation to generation.
  5. Certain versions of heritable traits must help individuals survive better or reproduce more than do other versions.
  6. A and D
  7. B and C
  8. C and D
  9. All of the above
  10. None of the above
  1. What is an adaptation?
  2. A trait that increases the fitness of an individual.
  3. A trait that increases the survivability of an individual.
  4. A trait that increases an individual’s position in the food chain.
  5. A characteristic that allows individual’s to adjust their internal system in response to weather conditions.
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. Which of the following statements is correct?
  2. Fungi are more closely related to plants than animals.
  3. Animals are more closely related to plants than fungi.
  4. Animals are more distantly related to plants than fungi.
  5. Fungi are more closely related to animals than plants.
  6. B and D
  7. A and C
  8. C and D
  9. None of the above
  1. Which of the following is the correct way to write a scientific name?
  2. panther leo
  3. panther Leo
  4. Panthera leo
  5. Panthera Leo
  1. Given the following three RNA sequences, draw a phylogenetic tree that accurately represents the relationship between the three species.

Species: / SSU RNA sequence
1 / AUUCGGACUA
2 / AACGGGACAU
3 / UUUGAGUGAA

Chapter 7

  1. Which of the following is a macromolecule that makes up a cell?
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids
  4. Nucleic Acids
  5. Carbohydrates
  6. A and B
  7. A and C
  8. B and D
  9. All of the above
  1. Which of the following is a cell structure that all bacterial cells and archaeal cells have in common?
  2. Ribosome
  3. Lysosome
  4. Nucleus
  5. Chromosome
  6. A and D
  7. C and D
  8. A and B
  9. All of the above
  10. None of the above
  1. Which of the following is not a key difference between the structures of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
  2. Eukaryotic chromosomes are found inside a membrane-bound compartment called a nucleus.
  3. Eukaryotic cells are often much larger than prokaryotes.
  4. Eukaryotic cells contain few amounts of internal membrane.
  5. Eukaryotic cells feature a particularly diverse and dynamic cytoskeleton.
  6. All are key differences
  1. Which of the following statements is true?
  2. Bacterial DNA and Eukaryotic DNA have the same shape.
  3. Bacterial DNA is single-stranded
  4. Bacterial cells have multiple chromosomes
  5. Bacterial DNA is linear
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. What is the main purpose of internal membranes in bacterial and archaeal cells?
  2. Photosynthesis
  3. Protection
  4. Reproduction
  5. Movement
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. Organelles found in bacterial cells perform which function(s)?
  2. Storing calcium ions or other key molecules
  3. Holding crystals of the mineral magnetite
  4. Organizing enzymes responsible for synthesizing complex carbon compounds from carbon dioxide
  5. Sequestering enzymes that generate chemical energy from ammonium ions
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. Which of the following statements is correct?
  2. Hydrophobic heads repel water
  3. Hydrophobic means non-polar
  4. Hydrophilic tails are water-loving
  5. Hydrophilic means non-polar
  6. A, B, and C
  7. B, C, and D
  8. B and C
  9. All of the above
  1. Which of the following statements about peptidoglycan is correct?
  2. Peptidoglycan is used to move ribosomes
  3. Peptidoglycan is found in bacterial cell walls
  4. Peptidoglycan is found outside of bacterial cell walls
  5. Peptidoglycan makes up bacterial cell walls (maintains shape of the cell)
  6. A and B
  7. C and D
  8. B and D
  9. All of the above

Chapter 28

  1. What is a derived trait?
  2. A characteristic that is a modified form of the ancestral trait
  3. A characteristic that existed in an ancestor
  4. A trait found in two or more taxa, that is present in their most recent common ancestor, but is missing in more distant ancestors
  5. An evolutionary unit that includes an ancestral population and all of its descendants
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. Which of the following is a way that derived traits originate?
  2. Natural selection
  3. Mutation
  4. Homoplasy
  5. Genetic drift
  6. A and B
  7. A, B, and C
  8. A, B, and D
  9. All of the above
  1. Which of the following statements is correct?
  2. The purpose of an outgroup is to establish if an organism is extinct
  3. The purpose of an outgroup is to establish if an organism is unrelated to another
  4. The purpose of an outgroup is to establish if a trait is present in two different species
  5. The purpose of an outgroup is to establish whether a trait is an ancestral trait or a derived trait
  1. Which of the following statements about synapomorphies is correct?
  2. Synapomorphies allow biologists to recognize clades
  3. Synapomorphies allow biologists to recognize lineages
  4. Synapomorphies allow biologists to recognize monophyletic groups
  5. All of the above
  6. None of the above
  1. What does the location of taxa on a phylogenetic tree signify?
  2. A population through time
  3. An ancestral branch
  4. The relationship between multiple species
  5. Taxa are not presumed to be ancestors of others
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. The independent evolution of similar traits in distantly related organisms due to adaptation to similar environments and a similar way of life is called what?
  2. Independent evolution
  3. Convergent evolution
  4. Adaptive evolution
  5. Phylogenetic evolution
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. Taxa on a phylogenetic tree:
  2. Only represent an extinct group
  3. Only represent a living group
  4. Represent both an extinct group or living group
  5. Represent neither an extinct group nor a living group
  1. When natural selection favors similar solutions to the problems posed by a similar way of making a living in different species, what is occurring?
  2. Natural selection
  3. Convergent evolution
  4. Cladistic approach
  5. Genetic Drift
  6. All of the above
  7. None of the above
  1. Which of the following is a reason why Hox genes of fruit flies and chordates are homologous?
  2. The products of the Hox genes have similar function
  3. All Hox genes share a 180-base-pair sequence called a homeobox
  4. Groups of Hox genes are organized on chromosomes in a similar way
  5. The presence of Hox genes produces the same organism
  6. A and B
  7. C and B
  8. A, B, and C
  9. All of the above

Chapter 29

  1. Which of the following statements is correct?
  2. Eukarya are more closely related to Bacteria than Archaea
  3. Archaea are more closely related to Eukarya than Bacteria
  4. Bacteria are more closely related to Archaea than Eukarya
  5. None of the above
  6. All of the above
  1. What is nitrogen fixation?
  2. The dispersion of nitrate molecules into aquatic ecosystems
  3. The conversion of molecular nitrogen to oxygen
  4. The conversion of molecular nitrogen to carbon
  5. The conversion of molecular nitrogen to ammonia
  6. None of the above
  1. Of the thousands of bacterial species living in and on your body:
  2. Each of the bacterial species cause disease
  3. More than half of the species present cause disease
  4. Only a tiny fraction cause disease
  5. None of them cause disease
  1. Bacteria that cause disease are said to be what?
  2. Viral
  3. Malaria
  4. Pathogenic
  5. Infectious
  1. What are bioremediation strategies used enhance growth of bacteria and archaea in oil spills?
  2. Fertilization
  3. Reproduction
  4. Immersion
  5. Seeding
  6. A and D
  7. B and C
  8. All of the above
  1. Which of the following are steps of the Metagenomic analysis process?
  2. Generate small DNA fragments
  3. Collect samples
  4. Assemble overlapping DNA sequences
  5. All of the above
  6. None of the above
  1. What color is a Gram-positive cell wall?
  2. Pink
  3. Green
  4. Purple
  5. Blue
  1. What shape is a Bacilli bacteria?
  2. Rod
  3. Spherical
  4. Spiral
  5. Triangular

Chapter 30

  1. Which of the following statements is correct?
  2. Protists are a polyphyletic group
  3. Protists are a monophyletic group
  4. Protists are a paraphyletic group
  5. All of the above
  6. None of the above
  1. The Irish Potato Famine was caused by which protist species?
  2. Toxoplasma gondii
  3. Phytophthora infestans
  4. Trypanosoma cruzi
  5. Trypanosoma gambiense
  1. How many host does the protist species Plasmodium require?
  2. 1
  3. 2
  4. 3
  5. 4
  6. None
  1. What protist species is responsible for algal blooms (Red Tides)?
  2. Plasmodium
  3. Giardia
  4. Leishmania
  5. Dinoflagellates
  1. What role do protists play in the global carbon cycle?
  2. Convert carbon dioxide to atmospheric oxygen
  3. Breakdown toxins from oil spills
  4. Act as carbon sinks to reduce carbon dioxide
  5. Convert carbon dioxide to ammonia
  1. What features do all eukaryotes alive today share?
  2. Mitochondria
  3. Endoplasmic Reticulum
  4. Nucleus
  5. Cytoskeleton
  6. A, C, and D
  7. All of the above