Which of the Following Describes the Concept of Particulate Inheritance?

Exam 4 Review
Supplemental Instruction
Iowa State University / Leader: / Brandon
Course: / Biol 211
Instructor: / Dr. Boury
Date: / 11/28/2016

1. Which of the following describes the concept of particulate inheritance?
2. Traits present in parents are modified, through use, and passed on to their offspring in the modified form.
3. Hereditary determinants maintain their integrity from generation to generation.
4. The traits observed in a mother and father blend together to form the traits observed in their offspring.
5. The traits of an offspring are intermediate between the mother’s and father’s traits.

1. Which of the following best describes the significance of Mendel tracing his lines to the F2 generation?
2. Allowed for Mendel to determine which plants were male and which plants were female.
3. Allowed Mendel to see if traits that disappeared in the F1 generation would reappear in later generations.
4. Allowed Mendel observe the age at which pea plants typically reproduce.
5. Allowed for the ruling of whether the blending inheritance hypothesis was correct or the particulate inheritance hypothesis was correct.
6. A and B
7. B and D
8. A and C
9. B and C
10. All of the above
11. None of the above

1. If a parental generation of pure line round seeded plants is crossed with pure line wrinkled seeded plans, what will be the genotypes present for the F2 generation?
2. Rr, Rr, Rr,Rr
3. Rr, RR, RR, rr
4. RR, Rr, Rr, rr
5. Rr, rr, rr, Rr

1. Which of the following best describes Mendel’s principle of segregation?
2. Two members of each gene pair must separate into different gamete cells during the formation of eggs and sperm.
3. Alleles of different genes are transmitted independently of one another.
4. The gene for a trait must be inherited on a particular sex chromosome.
5. Each gamete must contain one allele of each gene.
6. A and B
7. B and D
8. A and D
9. B and C
10. All of the above

1. In which phase of meiosis does the segregation of alleles occur?
2. Anaphase of Meiosis I
3. Telophase of Meiosis I
4. Anaphase of Meiosis II
5. Metaphase of Meiosis I
6. A and B
7. B and D
8. A and C
9. B and C
10. All of the above
11. None of the above

1. Sex-linked recessive traits are most commonly seen in:
2. Males
3. Females
4. Sex-linked recessive traits are equally seen in both males and females.
5. Sex-linked recessive traits are not present in neither males nor females.

1. If genes are said to be linked, this means that:
2. The genes are located on a sex chromosome.
3. The alleles are on homologous chromosomes and the homologous chromosomes separate during Meiosis I.
4. The allele a gamete receives for one gene does not influence the allele received for another gene.
5. The genes are located on the same chromosome.
6. A and B
7. B and D
8. A and D
9. B and C
10. All of the above

1. What effect does crossing over have on gene linkage?
2. Crossing over allows for gene linkage to take place.
3. If crossing over takes place on a gene is said to be linked, only males with a functional copy of the X chromosome will experience a sex-linked disorder.
4. Linked genes are inherited together unless crossing over takes place, in which genetic recombination occurs.
5. Crossing over has no effect on gene linkage.

1. Which of the following describes an example of a phenotype and a genotype?
2. AA; brown hair
3. Blue eyes; Sickle-celled anemia
4. Green eyes; down syndrome
5. Black hair; Aa
6. B and D
7. C and D
8. A, C, and D
9. B, C, and D
10. All of the above

1. Which of the following best describes microevolution?
2. The theory that all organisms on Earth are related by common ancestry, have changed over time, and continue to change over time.
3. Evolution on a small scale
4. Evolution within a single population
5. Evolution on a large scale
6. A and B
7. B and C
8. A, B, and C
9. A and D

1. Which of the following is an example of macroevolution?
2. The evolution of insects
3. The evolution of a pride of lions
4. The evolution of a single bacteria
5. The evolution of a flock of geese
6. A and B
7. B and C
8. B and C
9. All of the above
10. None of the above

1. What is the smallest unit that can evolve?
2. Individual
3. Population
4. Species
5. Phylum

1. Which of the following best describes Lamarck’s idea of evolution?
2. The individual organisms that make up a population vary in the traits they possess.
3. In each generation, more offspring are produced than can survive.
4. The individuals that survive best and produce the most offspring is not random, but because of certain heritable traits that allow the individuals to be more likely to survive and reproduce.
5. Evolution is a progressive process that always produces larger and more complex species.
6. A and D
7. C and D
8. A, B, and C
9. A, C, and D

1. What do the arm bones of humans, turtles, bats, and whales have in common?
2. They share the same function.
3. They allow for the same types of movement.
4. They have the same number of bones.
5. They share the same arrangement of the bones.
6. A and B
7. C and D
8. A and C
9. B and C
10. All of the above

1. If the eyeless gene from a mouse is expressed on the legs of a fruit fly, what will be the result of the fruit fly’s development?
2. The fruit fly will develop eyes on its legs.
3. The fruit fly will not develop eyes.
4. The fruit fly will develop the eyes of a mouse.
5. The fruit fly will develop normally.

1. What was being investigated in the Grant's finch study?
2. Heritability of finch beak size, beak shape, and body size.
3. Survivability differences due to finch beak size.
4. Changes in finch beak size, beak shape, and body size.
5. The number of offspring produced as a result of finch beak size.
6. A and B
7. C and D
8. All of the above

1. Based on the Grant’s finch study, which finches best survived during drought conditions?
2. Finches with shallow beaks.
3. Finches with deep beaks.
4. Finches with shallow beaks and finches with deep beaks had an equal rate of survival.
5. Neither finches with shallow beaks nor finches with deep beaks survived during drought conditions.

1. Why do adaptations occur?
2. Because organisms want them to.
3. Because organisms need them to.
4. Random chance
5. Mutations
6. A and B
7. C and D
8. B, C, and D
9. None of the above

1. What do p2, 2pq, and q2 represent?
2. Alleles
3. Allele frequencies
4. Genotype
5. Genotype frequencies

1. What do p and q represent?
2. Alleles
3. Allele Frequency
4. Genotype
5. Genotype frequencies

1. What does the equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 signify?
2. Alleles
3. Allele frequencies
4. Genotype
5. Genotype frequencies

1. What does the equation p + q = 1 signify?
2. Alleles
3. Allele frequencies
4. Genotype
5. Genotype frequencies

1. Given a population of 250 plants, 60 homozygous recessives (aa), 110 heterozygotes (Aa), and 80 homozygous dominant (AA), what are the allele frequencies for A and a?
2. A = 0.25 ; a = 0.15
3. A = 0.27; a = 0.35
4. A = 0.72; a = 0.81
5. A = 0.54 ; a = 0.46

1. A population has an allele frequency of 72% for (b). What is the genotype frequency of (BB)?
2. 0.0482
3. 0.0784
4. 0.0321
5. 0.0842

1. What is the allele frequency of (B)?
2. 0.35
3. 0.44
4. 0.18
5. 0.28

1. What is the genotype frequency of (bb)?
2. 0.5184
3. 0.3254
4. 0.1254
5. 0.2334

1. What is the genotype frequency of (Bb)?
2. 0.2587
3. 0.3222
4. 0.4032
5. 0.1257

1. A population has a genotype frequency of 16% for homozygous dominant (BB). What is the allele frequency of (b)?
2. 0.87
3. 0.4
4. 1
5. 0.6

1. What is the allele frequency of (B)?
2. 0.2
3. 0.35
4. 0.78
5. 0.4

1. What is the genotype frequency of (bb)?
2. 0.24
3. 0.6
4. 0.8
5. 0.1

1. What is the genotype frequency of (Bb)?
2. 0.32
3. 0.56
4. 0.48
5. 0.72

1. Which of the following is a condition required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
2. No random mating
3. Natural selection
4. Genetic drift
5. Gene flow
6. Mutation
7. All of the above
8. None of the above

1. What effect does inbreeding have on the allele frequencies of a population?
2. Inbreeding increases the frequency of homozygosity and decreases the frequency of heterozygosity.
3. Inbreeding decreases the frequency of homozygosity and increases the frequency of heterozygosity.
4. Inbreeding decreases the allele frequencies of a population.
5. Inbreeding has no effect on the allele frequencies of a population.

1. Which of the following best describes balancing selection?
2. When the average phenotype of a population changes in one direction.
3. A mode of natural selection that favors extreme phenotypes at both ends of the range of phenotypic variation.
4. A mode of selection where no single allele has a distinct advantage in terms of their fitness and frequency.
5. Competition among members of one gender for an opportunity to mate.