What Did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Study?

[Unit 4 - Cells] / Biology I Notes Outline

1. What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek study?

1. What were the organisms that he drew?

1. State the three parts of the cell theory:

1. The Earth formed about ______years ago.

1. What happened during the first 500 million years?

1. List the components of the early Earth atmosphere:

1. The Miller-Urey Apparatus was a model of ______

______.

1. Describe the three parts of the atmosphere this simulated:

1. ______

1. ______

1. ______

1. The four gases used to make the model atmosphere were:

1. After 2 weeks, some of the carbon had been used to produce ______,

______, and ______.

1. Why was this discovery significant?

The First Cells

1. Define prokaryotic organisms -

1. Where is the DNA located in these organisms?

1. What else is missing in these types of organisms?

1. Define each of these parts of a prokaryotic cell:

1. Nucleoid –

1. Ribosomes –

1. Pili –

1. Flagella –

1. Cell Membrane –

1. Define eukaryotes –

1. The DNA is ______.

1. These organisms have ______.

1. The eukaryotic cell can be divided into two parts: ______and ______.

1. Define cytoplasm –

1. Do prokaryotic cells have cytoplasm?

1. Define organelles –

Animal Cell Diagram

Plant Cell Diagram

1. The nucleus contains: ______.

1. What is the nuclear envelope?

1. The nucleus is the ______of the cell.

1. What is the purpose of nuclear pores?

1. Define chromatin –

1. What does the nucleolus produce?

1. Proteins are synthesized on ______.

1. Where are the two places these are found?

1. Ribosomes are made of ______and ______.

1. Ribosomes produce ______by following instructions from

______.

1. Each ribosome is like a ______.

1. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

1. The endoplasmic reticulum is connected to the ______.

1. Describe each region of the E.R.:

1. Smooth ER –

1. Rough ER –

1. What are the four functions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

1. What are the two functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

1. What is the golgi apparatus?

1. Describe the functions of the golgi apparatus:

Organelles that Store, Clean Up, and Support

1. What are vesicles and vacuoles?

1. Plant cells have ______.

1. What happens when this is empty?

1. What is the purpose of lysosomes?

1. Lysosomes can digest ______, ______, ______, and

______.

1. Lysosomes can also breakdown ______.

1. What is the cytoskeleton?

1. What is the other function of the cytoskeleton?

1. What do centrioles do?

Organelles that Capture and Release Energy

1. All life requires ______.

1. The two ways organisms can get energy is by:

1. Photosynthesis occurs in ______.

1. Cell respiration occurs in ______.

1. What is the function of mitochondria?

1. Mitochondria convert ______into

______for the cell to use.

1. Mitochondria have two ______.

1. The inner membrane is ______to increase the

______for ______.

1. What is the function of chloroplasts?

1. Where are chloroplasts found?

Plasma Membrane

1. The plasma membrane is a ______.

1. What does the plasma membrane do?

1. What is the structure of a plasma membrane?

1. Draw a phospholipid below: Label the hydrophobic and hydrophilic part:

1. What is the purpose of the cell wall?

1. What organisms have a cell wall?

1. The cell wall is ______of the cell membrane.

1. What are plasmodesmata?

1. What is the purpose of plasmodesmata?

Biology I / 1