1. For each of the following elements, write its chemical symbol, locate it in the periodic table, give its atomic number, and indicate whether it is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal:
(a) chromium (b) helium (c) phosphorus
(d) zinc (e) magnesium (f) bromine (g) arsenic
2. For each of the following elements, write its name, locate it in the periodic table, give its atomic number, and indicate whether it is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal:
(h) Li (i) Sc (j) Ge (k) Yb (l) Mn (m) Sb (n) Xe
3. Does the following drawing represent a neutral atom or a ion? Write its complete chemical symbol including mass number, atomic number, and net charge.
Fill in the tables below with the missing information
Symbol / 59Co3+
Protons / 34 / 76 / 80
Neutrons / 46 / 116 / 120
Electrons / 36 / 78
Net Charge / 2+
Symbol / 31P3-
Protons / 34 / 50
Neutrons / 45 / 69 / 118
Electrons / 46 / 76
Net Charge / 2- / 3+
4. What is the mass in amu of a carbon-12 atom? Why is the atomic weight of carbon reported as 12.011 on the periodic table?
5. Only two isotopes of copper occur naturally, 63Cu (atomic mass = 62.9296 amu; abundance 69.17%) and 65Cu (atomic mass = 64.9278 amu; abundance 30.83%). Calculate the atomic weight (average atomic mass) of copper.
6. Only two isotopes of Rubidium occur naturally, rubidium-85 (atomic mass = 84.9118 amu; abundance 72.15%) and rubidium-87 (atomic mass = 86.9092 amu; abundance 27.85%). Calculate the atomic weight (average atomic mass) of rubidium.
Station 2 – The Periodic Table and Naming
1. What is the distinction between atomic number and mass number? Between mass number and atomic mass?
2. Distinguish between the terms family and period in connection with the periodic table. For which of these is the term group also used.
3. When metals react with nonmetals, an ionic compound generally results. What is the predicted general formula for the compound formed between an alkali metal and sulfur? Between an alkaline earth metal and nitrogen? Between aluminum and a halogen?
4. The compounds AlCl3, CrCl3, and ICI3 have similar formulas, yet each follows a different set of rules to name it. Name these and then compare and contrast the nomenclature rules.
5. How would you name HBrO4, KIO3, NaBrO2, and HIO?
6. Four of the boxes in the following periodic table are colored. Which of these are metals and which are nonmetals? Which one is an alkaline earth metal? Which one is a noble gas?
Station 3 – Isotopes and Atomic Structure
- Answer the following questions:
- What are the main subatomic particles that make up the atom?
- What is the relative charge (in multiples of the electronic charge) of each of the particles
- Which of the particles is the most massive
- Which is the least massive
- Which of the statements is (are) true? For the False statements, correct them!
- All particles in the nucleus of an atom are charged
- The atom is best described as a uniform sphere of matter in which electrons are embedded.
- The mass of the nucleus is only a very small fraction of the mass of the entire atom
- The volume of the nucleus is only a very small fraction of the total volume of the atom
- The number of neutrons in a neutral atom must equal the number of electrons
- The isotope of an unknown element, X, has a mass number of 79. The most stable ion of the isotope has 36 electrons and forms a binary compound with sodium having a formula of Na2X. What might element X be?
- Complete the table by placing symbols, formulas, and names in the blanks.
Ammonium Bromide
Ba2+ / BaS
Cl- / Iron (II) chloride
F- / PbF2
Al3+ / (CO3)2-
Iron (III) oxide
- The average atomic mass of a chlorine atom is 35.45 amu. Chlorine consists of two isotopes, 35Cl and 37Cl. Which of the following most closely approximates the relative abundance of these isotopes?
- 25% 35Cl and 75% 37Cl
- 50% 35Cl and 50% 37Cl
- 75% 35Cl and 25% 37Cl
- 90% 35Cl and 10% 37Cl
- A charged particle is caused to move between two electrically plates, as shown here:
(b)What is the sign of the electrical charge on the particle?
(c)As the charge on the plates is increased, would you expect the bending to increase, decrease, or stay the same?
(d)As the mass of the particle is increased while the speed of the particles remains the same, would you expect the bending to increase, decrease or stay the same?