What are the coldest temperatures for ocean water and where is this water found?
What is the average depth for the continental break?
What percent of the ocean is neritic (over shelf)?
What is the average width of the continental shelf to the nearest 10km?
How high do the seamounts of the mid ocean ridge rise?
What is the length of the mountains of the mid ocean ridge?
What is the grade/ratio for the continental slope?
What is the grade/ratio for the continental rise?
What is the grade/ratio for the continental shelf?
What ultimately is the cause of the waves?
In what zone would you see plankton doing vertical migrations?
At 200m how much of the light has typically penetrated in temperate zones?
What fish have been found in the deepest water?
What area is studied by MAR –ECO?
How old are Orange Roughy a demersal fish thought to live?
What are the fecundity rates and mortality rates for demersal organisms?
What are two examples of hard bottom epibenthos?
What are three examples of soft bottom epibenthos?
Between what two cells would you find the polar front?
How old is the Atlantic ocean?
Why are some seamounts sites of increased productivity?
What term was used to describe the distance between a sailor’s outstretched arms (about 1.83m)?
What north atlantic islands often have sightings of loggerhead sea turtles during migration?
Where and when were the first cold seeps discovered?
Where and when were the first hydrothermal vents discovered?
What is the term for a dead whale sinking to the bottom of the ocean?
Why are whalefalls significant?
What feature of water allow us to measure the salinity with a CTD?
What does CTD stand for?
What is the advantage of a CTD rosette?
What is an ADCP?
What is an ADCP used for?
Other than mapping the ocean floor and the particles of the floor, what is Side Scan SONAR used for?
What is dragging behind the boat when you have towed arrays?
What principle of GPS use allows us to use multiple satellites to find our exact location?
What is an AUV?
Where would you find the genus Riftia?
What deepwater fish has lights along its sides?
What are frustules made of?
What organisms will be the focus of the conference that will be held in April 2009 for the first time to discuss protection strategies?
What seaweed type belongs to the genus Laminaria?
Answers
-1.9 C in Antarctica (-1 to 4 in most of bottom water)
200m
1/20 or 5%
60km
2000-4000m
45000km or 27,000 miles
1:40
1:100
200m/60km or 1:300
Sun as it warms up air and leads to winds
Mesopelagic zone 200-1000m or NEKTON
1%
Cuskeels at 8370m
Northern midAtlantic
Up to 150 years old
Low fecundity and low mortality (low maturity rate too)
Sponges, echinoderms and cnidarians
crustacea, echinoderms, molluscs, polychaetes
polar and Hadley cells (60 degrees)
200million years
Upwelling as water tries to move over the seamount
Fathom
Azores
1984 in the Gulf of Mexico
1977 in the Galapagos Rift of the pacific
Whale falls
Transport of microorganisms to new areas and even to different oceans
Salinity
Conducitivity temperature depth measures
More than one measurement at per trip
Acoustic Doppler Current profiler
Find the speed and direction of the water
Finding fish
Hydrophones for detecting fish
Triangulation
Autotomous underwater vehicle
Hydrothermal vents (tube worms)
Lantern fish
Silica (diatoms)
Marine mammal protected areas in Hawaii
Kelp (brown algae)