Well Crafted from the References Without Plagiarizing

- Good topic

- Well crafted from the references without plagiarizing

- Way too many grammatical errors. Obviously did not have someone credible read it before submitting it, as requested.

The Golf Ball

All golf balls are spherical and are composed of a combination of both rubber and plastic. However, that is perhaps the extentto the similarity of thethousands of varying golf balls that exist. Since the invention of the golf ball over 600 years ago, it has evolved from a leather ball stuffed with feathers known as a “feathery,” to arguably the most researched and advanced piece of technology in the world of sports. Considering that golf balls entail a core construction design, varying rates of compression, differingcovers, and multiple arrangements of dimples, it is not hard to believe that over 5000 design patents for golf balls have been granted in the last ten years and each of them prioritizes between a balls[JLM1] distance, spin and control. Through this paper, the reader[JLM2] will come to understand the types of construction designs of golf balls, the advantages and disadvantages of each, and how they may utilize this knowledge to select the right ball for their style of play and conditions of the course. [JLM3]

The construction of a golf ball is an incredibly important element in understanding its’[JLM4] performance. The differing designs dramatically influence a balls[JLM5]flights[JLM6], distance, and feel and can thus substantially alter a players’[JLM7] performance. Each design considers the elements of spin and distance and depends on the golfer’s priorities. Golf balls that are designed for spin prioritize “workability” and control over distance. These balls provide for increased spincommawhich decreases the amount that they rollcomma allowing them to “hold the green” upon landing. On the other hand, balls that are designed for distance provide less spin when hit off the tee, and can result in the ball rolling uncontrollably once it lands. These balls are designed for beginner and intermediate golferscomma as these players do not yet have the ability to accurately control the ballcomma thus sacrificing little by using balls designed for distance. Now that the two categories of ball designs have been described, it is important to understand the additional characteristics that each golf ball possesses.

In addition to a balls[JLM8] design offering maximum control or distance, each ball possesses varying levels of compression and two types of covers. The compression of the golf ball basically denotes how “hard” a ball feels on contact. Most measurements of compression levels range from 80 to a 100, 100 being a light feel and 80 hard[JLM9]. However, there is no correlation between compression and distance so this aspect of a balls design lies solely on the players’ preference but should be noted when making a selection of golf balls. Additionally, each golf ball is composed of a cover that falls under two main categories, each with their respective advantages. The first is the surlyn cover and is composed of a solid core and an “uncut-able”man-made substance. This type of cover is extremely durable, offers greater distance, prevents scuffing and cutting, and are less expensive and thus may be recommended to beginners. The second form, thebalata[JLM10] cover, is comprised of a liquid filled core wound with rubber. Due to its’ rubber core, this type of ball cuts easier and therefore has a shorter lifespan. These balls are more expensive because they offer increased control and are primarily used by professionals. Understanding that each ball possesses components affecting their covers and compression levels, we can now discuss the elements of the varying types of designs that exist.

There are four major types of golf ball construction which can be simply described as a one-piece, two-piece, three-piece, and four-piece design. The one-piece golf ball is the most basic form of construction and is often used by beginning golfers and at driving ranges.These balls have a high[JLM11] compression rate and thus feel light on impact which detracts from a players’ ability to properly judge the distance that the ball will travel.The two-piece constructionis a popular choice as they are extremely durable and offer maximum distance. It is designed with a single, solid core and is encased in a plastic cover, most often surlyn. The three-piece design, composed of balata, offers increased spin allowing more control over a balls trajectory. It is most often composed of a rubber or liquid center. For this reason, the three-piece design is often the choice of professional golf players. The four-piece has recently been introduced to the market and is still rather uncommon. However, it is composed of four layers that each hold[JLM12] a different purpose for the ball’s performance. One layer offers distance, while the next offers spin, and then varying levels of compressioncomma and so on. It is relatively new but could become a strong hold in golf ball designs.

The inner designs previously described are not visible to the eye and therefore must be learned.On the outside of the golf ball, the viewer will notice that the standard size of a golf ball is 1.62 and weighs 1.68 ounces. Additionally, each golf ball possesses a dimple pattern whose purpose is to aid in flight performance. Although there are numerous dimple designs, the most common ones are the isocahedral, dodecahedral, and octahedral designs. The isocahedral design consists of 20 identical triangular faces, much like a 20 sided die. The dodecahedral design consists of 12 identical dimples that are of hexagonal shape. Lastly, the octahedral design can consist of as many as 500 dimples and are based on triangles; similar to the isocahedral. Most commonly commahowever, the amount of dimples on a golf ball ranges from 300 to 450.The general rule is that the more dimples a ball has, the better flight performance will result. In addition to the amount of dimples, the size and depth of the dimples affect the ball’s performance as well. Shallow dimples generate more spin on a ball commaallowing for increased control; while deep dimples provide for a lower trajectory and less spin commathus adding distance to ones[JLM13] shot while sacrificing the accuracy thereof. One can logically deduct[JLM14] that an increase in a[JLM15] players’ skill would necessitate a different ball design to best complement their ability;[JLM16] beginning with balls designed for distance and moving to ones designed for control. In addition to ones[JLM17] ability, the weather conditions of the course may sway a player to use one type of ball over another.

Through experience, a golfer may improve his or her performance by selecting the right ball for the conditions on the course of that day. In dry conditions when the sun has hardened the soil, a ball designed for spin may be more suitablecomma as it will decrease the amount of rolling the ball will do after landing. When the fairway is rock solid, selecting a ball designed for distance may be a vital mistake and severely hinder the golfers’ performance. Conversely, if it has recently rained and the fairway has some “give” to it, a ball that offers increased rolling and a lower trajectory would likely be more appropriate. Additionally, a golfer is[JLM18] allowed to change their ball during course play so that they may maximize distance off the tee, and have maximum control as they near the green. Such strategies and decisions only come as a player gains experience yet may make a drastic difference in their overall performance. Not all golf balls are designed purely for performancecomma however.

In the golf industry today, were[JLM19] over 850 million golf balls are produced and shipped annually, a small portion of them are designed solely for the purposes of personal entertainment which add a little zest to the game. Much like trick candles on a birthday cake, several golf balls mimic the real thing and are used solely as a practical joke on the unsuspecting golfer. ‘Break-away’ balls are hollow and extremely brittle, upon contact they shatter into hundreds of small pieces. Secondly, the function of exploding balls is given away by the definition. They consist of a small explosive device that disintegrates the ball upon contact. “Stallers” are much softer than normal golf balls and provide an extreme amount of lift and sacrifice distance, if hit correctly they may actually perform a loop and land where the golfer stands. “Wobblers” have a center of mass that is not in the middle and therefore, when used for putting, veer of[JLM20] the intended line. Golf balls such as these are practical gimmicks that just make the overall game a little more interesting when in an informal setting. Golf balls have also been designed so that a golfer may practice their shot when not at a driving range or at the course.

Sponge balls allow a golfer to practice in their homes against a piece of wood or cardboard and are practically harmless when hit and thus avoid property damage. This type of ball provides a golfer the ability to practice when they are not able to make it to the course or weather conditions do not allow it.

All in all, the golf ball has undergone a massive evolution in its’ history and has now become, next to a golfers’ clubs, the most vital piece of equipment in the game that can ultimately effect[JLM21] their performance. Understanding the different construction designs and the advantages that each of themoffer[JLM22]is very important to achieving success on the golf course. The next time that you purchase a set of golf balls, be sure to analyze its’ features so that you will be prepared for your on-course experience and will eradicate the element of surprise, that may ultimately cost you the win at your next tournament.

Bibliography

Electronic Sources

The construction of a golf ball. “Purely Golf: Technology and Equipment” Accessed May 5th, 2008.

Are there different types of golf balls?. “Golf Q and A’s: Golf Today.”Accessed May 5th, 2008.

The basics of golf balls.“Learn about golf.” Accessed May 5th, 2008.

Books

New Trends in Golf Balls.Wilson Sporting Goods Co., Golf Division, 1997.

[JLM1]ball’s

[JLM2]Since you use “their” later in the sentence, should use “readers” here.

[JLM3]Good oveview

[JLM4]Delete apostrophe

[JLM5]Ball’s

[JLM6]“flight,” since “distane” and “feel” are singular.

[JLM7]player’s

[JLM8]ball’s

[JLM9]No, It’s the other way around. Re-read your first reference.

[JLM10]According to your references, these are no longer sold!

[JLM11]According to your first reference LOW compression balls feel light on impact. Actually, you are both right. The problem is a high compression number means it compresses less.

[JLM12]serve

[JLM13]one’s

[JLM14]deduce

[JLM15]Delete, for “a” is singular, and “players’” is plural.

[JLM16]comma, not semicolon

[JLM17]one’s

[JLM18]“golfers are,” if you are going to use “their”

[JLM19]where

[JLM20]off

[JLM21]affect

[JLM22]offers