CARDINALNEWMANCATHOLICSECONDARY SCHOOL
Name: ______Date: ______SNC 2D1
THUNDERSTORMS AND TORNADOES
Tornadoes can do more ______in a short time than any other storms on Earth because of their ______
Tornado paths are ______ and warnings of a strike in a precise area are given with ______
To understand tornadoes, we must understand ______
WHAT IS A THUNDERSTORM?
A thunderstorm is a storm with ______, ______, ______and sometimes ______
Two conditions must be met for a thunderstorm to form:
(1) ______is needed to form ______and ______
(2) The ______of the ______, or ______, must be very ______in order to produce ______that reach ______in the ______
Due to ______at a high altitude, ______air from lower down ______producing an ______or “active” circulation system
The system gains strength if ______-level, ______speed winds (the jet stream) carry the rising air away quickly
______can be caused in various ways
(1)______of the air above the ground is ______and carry warm air ______
If the air carries enough ______, a thunderstormdevelops
This type of uplift is most severe on ______
Occurs frequently in the ______United States and ______Ontario
(2) ______pushes ______upwards
Water vapour ______and ______, releasing ______to warm the air further and making it rise higher
In the mature stage of a thunderstorm, several events occur:
(i) The ______cloud spreads to the top, reaching the ______in extreme cases
(ii) Cold air containing ______, ______and sometimes ______falls downward in large downdrafts
(iii)Repeated updrafts and downdrafts produce ______
(iv) ______and ______could occur
Lightning is a result of ______as ______carried in the updrafts collide with ______and ______in the downdrafts
Most lightning discharges, called ______, take place within the storm clouds and appear as a ______between the ground and the cloud
In the final stage of the thunderstorm, the downdrafts ______the upward flow of air and the storm ______
DIAGRAM OF THE THREE MAIN STAGES OF A THUNDERSTORM
WHAT IS A TORNADO?
A tornado is a ______component of a ______in which a ______of air extends from the ______of the thunderstorm clouds to the ______
______air in a thunderstorm begin ______and forming a ______of air and moisture
As more rising air is ______by cooler air at the surface, the rotation becomes ______
The rising air causes a ______that ______with speed
This pressure difference has the ability to ______roofs and carsand sends them ______
TORNADOES AND THEIR NUMBERS
At the centre of the tornado, known as the ______, wind speeds can reach up to ______km/h
The diameter of the funnel cloud can range from a ______to ______m
Tornadoes can last from only a ______to ______
They travel at speeds up to ______km/h, usually from ______to ______on ______
REFERENCE TABLE
STORM TRACKING
A ______is used by meteorologists to follow the development of thunderstorms and tornadoes
______are sent out from antennas are ______water drops and ice particles and some bounce back to the ______
The ______reveal the location of the drops and particles, as well as their ______
THUNDERSTORM SAFETY
A ______is a safe place since it acts as a ______and charge from the lightning is carried directly to the ______
Never stand on top of ______and avoid ______such as fields and hills
It is fairly safe to be ______but avoid touching ______and ______
QUESTIONS
1. If you were looking at the sky, what evidence would indicate an approaching thunderstorm?
2. A convection current is stronger when the temperature difference between the bottom and top of the current is greater. Use this fact to explain why thunderstorms are much more common in spring and summer than in the winter.
3. If you take cover from tornado in a basement, the southwest corner is likely the safest place to choose. Why is this the case?
4. Look at the data on the Tornado Intensity Scale on the Page 4. Describe the relationship between the width of a tornado and its wind speed.