AP Physics B

Waves Study Topics Summary

Part I –Wave Ideas in General

Below is the text-work for Waves. The reading is important for its diagrams, pictures and terminology. Definitely review vocabulary. Another document has a vocabulary summary. Lab-based enhancements have been resonance, standing waves on strings, standing waves in wind instruments, diffraction, beats, harmonic motion (Hooke’s Law and Pendula). Odd problems listed below let a student test oneself and check answers.

Reading / Practice Prob
Skim through 13.1 – 13.6 focusing on the following:
  • Hooke’s Law
  • Elastic PE
  • the frequency of mass-on-spring
  • frequency of the pendulum
/ End Chap. 13:
5, 9, 13, 23, 35, 39
Quick 13.7 thru 13.8 – review all basic definitions / 41, 43, 45, 47
Skim 14.1 through 14.3
14.6 covers Doppler Effect – the reason an ambulance siren sounds strange as it moves towards and then away from you. / End of Chap. 14:
21, 25
14.8 through 14.11
  • Interference, Resonance and Beats
  • Standing Waves
  • Very Important
  • Do not memorize the formulas for in Section 14.10
/ End of Chap. 14:
43-53 odd, 35, 40
Chapter 21The following list breaks down what to take away from Chapter 21. Read it quickly with this list nearby as a guide.
  • 21.8: Maxwell’s Amazing c-Story
  • 21.10: Main idea is that ALL waves come from something oscillating and therefore LIGHT originates from an OSCILLATING CHARGE
  • 21.11: Absolutely know that awesome 3-D wave model (Fig. 21.20) of light that shows E and B forever locked in sinusoidal oscillation. (Also, notice c = E/B in the wave!)
  • 21.12: Memorize the EM spectrum and learn to think of colors as just light at different wavelengths (even the invisible)
/ End of Chap. 21:
47, 51, 53, 57

Part II Light

Since all waves do what waves do, why not throw some light in here for good practice? Your test is not super-specific to light, but in places where light does what all waves do, there can be some light applications. Pages 2-7 contain a test I found that you should use to really challenge yourself. Just because I write Beyond Scope of Test near a problem, that doesn’t mean that question isn’t good practice for the test. Textbook: Read Chapter 24. More doable problems: 35 through 43 odd in Chapter 24, any odd problem after #57.

Copy #

Version A

Official Physics Quiz

INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT

This booklet contains 20 multiple choice questions worth 1 point each. Use the Scantron sheet supplied as your answer sheet. If you wish to you may use scratch paper and a computation aid (i.e., a calculator, slide rule, abacus, or perhaps even a brain). Otherwise this quiz is closed book, closed notes, and definitely closed neighbor. Do NOT mark on this booklet in any way. If you do, a humongous horde of handsome, hairless hottentots will hustle you to Hollywood for a public humiliation.

When you finish the quiz, put your answer sheet inside this booklet and place the booklet on Mr. McGehee's desk in the front of the room in the version A or version B pile.

934

Equations –Interference and Diffraction Quiz

10-9 meter = 1 nanometer

f = 1/Tv = /T = fvlight = 3 x 108 m/s

 = xd/L or  = xd/L = d sin 

 = xw/L = w sin 

 = xd/L = d sin 

1

Quiz Chapter 19 - INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four or five suggested answers or completions. There is only one correct choice. Select the one that is best in each case.

1.The wavelengths of visible light are in a range closest to

A.the thickness of a sheet of paper.D. your height.

B.the diameter of your thumb.E. the length of a football field.

C.your belt size.

2.Which of the following statements concerning blue and red light is true?

A. Red light has a longer wavelength and higher frequency than blue light.

B. Red light has a shorter wavelength and higher frequency than blue light.

C. Red light has a longer wavelength and lower frequency than blue light.

D. Red light has a shorter wavelength and lower frequency than blue light.

E. none of these

3.The visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum has wavelengths ranging from about 4 x 10-7 to 7 x 10-7 meter. The human eye is most sensitive to wavelengths in the yellow-green part of the visible spectrum around 5.6 x 10-7 meter. The frequency of this yellow-green light is

A. 1.9 x 10-15 Hz B. 5.9 x 10-3 Hz C. 170 Hz

D. 5.4 x 1014 HzE. none of these

4.The wavelength of the yellow-green light in question #3 in units of nanometers is

A.0.056 nm B. 0.56 nm C. 56.0 nm D. 560 nm E. none of these

The following information relates to questions 5 through 11.

Light from a monochromatic source of wavelength of 6 x 10-7 meter is incident on two narrow parallel slits that are 2 x 10-4 meter apart. After passing through the two slits the light forms a two-slit interference pattern on a screen 4 meters from the slits.

5.The path difference for light traveling from the two slits to the first bright line from the center line on the screen is

A. /2 B.  C. 3/2 D. 2 E. 5/2

6.Which of the answers in question #5 is the path difference for light traveling from the two slits to the second dark line from the center line?

7.The spacing of the lines of maximum brightness on the screen is

A.2.4 x 10-11 m B. 6.0 x 10-7 m C. 1.2 x 10-2 m

D. 8.3 x 102 m E. none of these #7 is Beyond Scope of Test.

05/A

2

Quiz Chapter 19 - INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT

8.If the wavelength of the incident light is doubled, the spacing of the bright lines in the pattern will

A. be increased by a factor of 2.D. be increased by a factor of 22.

B. be decreased by a factor of 1/2.E. be decreased by a factor of 1/(22).

C. remain unchanged.

9.If the frequency of the incident light is doubled, the spacing of the dark lines in the pattern will (choose from the answers in question #8)

10. If the distance between the slits is decreased from d to d/2, the spacing of the bright lines in the pattern will (choose from the answers in question #8) #10 is Beyond Scope of Test.

11. If the screen is moved closer to the slits, the spacing of the dark lines will

A. decrease B. increase C. remain the same

12. In an experiment sources of white light, red light, and blue light are viewed first through a single narrow slit, then through two narrow parallel slits. Which of the following are observed in BOTH patterns?

i.When white light is viewed, colors were seen in the pattern.

ii.All nodal lines are equally spaced.

iii.The nodal line spacing is greater in the red pattern than in the blue pattern.

A. iii only B. i, ii, & iii C. ii & iii only D. i & ii only E. i & iii only

#12 is Beyond Scope of Test.

13. A single narrow slit is placed between a yellow light source and a screen resulting in a single slit diffraction pattern being formed on the screen. Which of the following changes would cause the width of the central maximum and the nodal line spacing to decrease?

i.Increase the width of the slit

ii.Use red light instead of yellow

iii.Use a higher frequency light source

A. i, ii, & iii B. i & iii only C. ii & iii only D. i & ii only E. none of them

#13 is Beyond Scope of Test.

  1. The intensity (brightness) of light passing through a single slit is measured as a function of the distance on either side of the center line. A graph of the data is shown at the right. The figures below show some of the different paths taken by the light as it leaves the slit. Which of the figures shows the path that accounts for the minimum of

intensity at point X?

05A

3

Quiz Chapter 19 - INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT

15. Yellow light is incident on a single slit that is 3 x 10-5 meter wide. A single slit pattern of bright and dark lines is formed on a screen 0.6 meter from the slit. In the pattern the first dark line is 0.012 meter from the center of the central maximum. The wavelength of the light is

A.60 nm B. 240 nm C. 500 nm D. 900 nm E. none of these

#15 is Beyond Scope of Test.

16. White light is viewed through a diffraction grating and is dispersed into a color spectrum. The color seen in the spectrum farthest from the light source is

A. red B. orange C. yellow D. green E. violet

17. For an experiment, a student can choose between two diffraction gratings; one has 5000 lines/cm and the other 7500 lines/cm. If a monochromatic light source is to be viewed through the grating, which one of the following will be true?

A.When viewed through the 5000 line/cm grating, the light will be seen farthest

from the center line.

B.When viewed through the 7500 line/cm grating, the light will be seen farthest

from the center line.

C.The light will be seen at the same position through either grating.

18. A diffraction grating with 5000 lines/cm has an average line spacing of 2 x10-6 meter. If 500 nanometer monochromatic light is passed through the grating, how far from the centerline will the first-order image appear on a screen placed 2 meters from the grating?

A.5 x 10-1 m B. 5 x 10-4 m C. 5 x 10-13 m D. 2 m E. none of these

#18 is Beyond Scope of Test.

19. Two light waves from different sources arrive at the same point at the same time and their amplitudes add algebraically according to the principle of superposition. This is called

A.Dispersion B. Refraction C. Diffraction D. Interference E. Polarization

20. A hologram is

A.a photographic image taken with light from a laser that has been passed

through two sheets of crossed Polaroid.

B.a complex interference pattern recorded on photographic film.

C.a photographic record of light from a laser that has been passed through a high quality diffraction grating.

D.a photographic image of a double slit interference pattern.

#20 is Beyond Scope of Test.

05/A

Quiz Ch. 19 - INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT Version A Answers

  1. A
  2. C
  3. D
  4. D
  5. B
  6. C
  7. C
  8. A
  9. B
  10. A
  11. A
  12. E
  13. B
  14. A
  15. E Ans: 600 nm
  16. A
  17. B
  18. A
  19. D
  20. B