Dairy Notes

Types of Dairy Products:

What is Milk?

______% Water ______% Solids (fat, vitamins, proteins, minerals, carbohydrates, lactose)

Our Almost Perfect Food -

Nutrients :

Minerals:

Calcium –

Phosphorus -

Potassium -

Vitamins:

Vitamin A -

Vitamins B1 (Thiamin), B2 (Riboflavin), B3 (Niacin) -

Vitamin D -

Carbohydrates:

Fat:

Protein:

Water:

Processing of Milk:

Pasteurization –

›______to kill enzymes & harmful bacteria.

›Improves ______quality

›Nutrient value is not significantly changed.

›All dairy products in the United States must be ______.

Homogenization -

Milk fat is lighter than other milk fluids & ______, rising to the ______of milk.

______is where the fat is ______& easily distributed preventing this from happening.

Fortified –

The ______of one or more vitamins, minerals, or proteins not ______present in a food.

Vitamin D is added to most milk products in the united states.

Forms of Milk:

Raw Milk –

______= ______% milk fat ______= ______% milk fat

______= ______% milk fat ______= ______% milk fat

The percentages indicated how much fat is in the milk by weight.

Chocolate milk – Made by adding ______.

Eggnog -

A mixture of milk, ______, ______, & ______. May also contain added flavorings (rum extract, nutmeg, vanilla). Seasonal product most readily available during the holidays.

Buttermilk –

Made by adding a special ______to milk to produce the desirable acidity, body, flavor and aroma . Has a tart, ______flavor & smooth, thick ______.

Nonfat dry milk –

Removal of ______only from pasteurized ______milk. ______form of fat-free milk.

Evaporated Milk –

Canned whole or fat-free milk that contains ______the amount of water as regular milk.

Sweetened condensed milk –

Concentrated, sweetened form of milk, used to make ______& ______.

Whipping Cream –

The ______of whole milk. Heavy cream = ______fat Light cream = ______fat

Half-and-half – A blend of ______& ______= 10-12% fat

Sour Cream – Cream that has been soured by lactic-acid bacteria =18% fat. High in ______and ______.

Yogurt – Adding harmless ______culture to milk. Makes a thick, creamy, custard like product.

Uses of Milk:

  1. 2.

Other Dairy Products:

Butter - Made from milk, cream , or a ______of both. High in ______.

Ice cream – A ______, frozen mixture of milk, cream, sweeteners, flavorings, & other additives.

Frozen yogurt – Similar to ice cream, but with ______added.

Cheese - Natural food made from ______with the ______drained off.

______– dairy product obtained by coagulating milk with an edible acidic substance & draining off the liquid portion (______). Sour milk also produces curds.

2Categories of Cheese:

1.______

Made from curds from which ______(mold, bacteria, yeast) have been added.

Also called ______; can be stored for relatively long time; Hardened texture.

Examples:

2.______

Made from curds that have ______.

Will only keep a few days in the refrigerator.

Examples:

Lactose Intolerant - Inability to digest ______.

Health Benefits:

Build and maintain strong ______& ______. Reduce risk of ______. Maintain healthy ______& ______. Decrease risk of certain ______.

How Much is Needed?

Children (2-8 yrs):______Adolescents (9-18 yrs):______Adults (19 +):______

What Counts as a Cup?

Milk:Cheese:

Yogurt:Milk Based Desserts:

Buying Dairy:

Price depends on the milk form:

______milk is least expensive.

______is one of the most expensive.

Price also depends on ______.

Check the expiration date: “sell by” date –

Usually good for about ______days after.

Keep it Safe:

Pick up as one of ______items in store.

Temperature:

Store at less than ______degrees F

Refrigerate ______.

Store in tightly sealed containers

They can pick up ______from other foods.

Store milk away from light – it destroys the ______.

Dairy as Part of a Meal:

Cooking with Dairy:

Can be served as ______part of the meal

Adds ______, ______, & ______to foods

Dairy Products are important ingredients in many recipes.

Tips for Making Wise Choices:

Include milk as a ______at meals.

Gradually switch to a ______milk – Whole to 2% to 1% to skim

Add fat-free or low-fat milk instead of ______to oatmeal

Top cut-up fruit with flavored ______for a quick dessert