Water on Earth, Part II Unit Test

Water on Earth, Part II Unit Test

As energy moves in waves through the water, the water moves
In waves toward shorec. In the direction of the waves.
In a small vertical circled. Against the current.
Which shows the correct order of Earth’s three major oceans from largest to smallest?
Pacific, Atlantic. Indianc. Indian, Atlantic, Pacific
Atlantic, Pacific, Indiand. Pacific, Atlantic, Southern
The 2 main dissolved gases in the ocean that marine organisms need to live are ______.
Sodium chloride & carbon dioxidec. Carbon dioxide & potassium
Oxygen & carbon dioxided. Oxygen & potassium
All of the following are sources of salt in ocean EXCEPT for
Solids from volcanic eruptionsc. Decaying sea animals
Ocean waves weathering rocksd. Rivers and streams dumping water in the oceans
The average salinity of ocean water is _____.
35%c. 97%
70%d. 3.5%
As ocean depth ______water pressure ______;
Increases, increasesc. Decreases, increases
Increases, decreases
This part of the globe is very hot and a lot of evaporation occurs. Ocean water here would have a_____ salinity.
Highb. Low
Some currents flow in large rotating loops called what?
Coriolosc. Gyres
Westerliesd. Upwellings
Along the coast, the Mississippi River dumps freshwater into a gulf. The ocean where the river enters would have a _____ salinity
Highb. Low
Which of the following statements is true?
Earth's water is distributed evenly around the world.
Ninety-five percent of the world's population has access to the water they need.
Glaciers add to Earth's groundwater and surface water sources.
¾ of Earth is water.
Approximately 99.7% of all water on Earth is found in oceans, seas, ice, and the atmosphere. Based on this information, which statement is most accurate?
The Earth's freshwater supply is infinite.
Less than 0.3% of Earth's water is drinkable.
Humans are not dependent on ocean water.
The water cycle returns all usable water to the sea
Most of Earth’s fresh water is found in…
Huge masses of ice near the North and South Poles.c. The oceans
Cracks and spaces in underground soil and rockd. Rivers and lakes
All of the following increase salinity EXCEPT for when…
Water evaporates near the equator, leaving salts behind
Sediment is deposited into the ocean by rivers
Freshwater is moved into the ocean by rivers and streams
Water freezes at the poles leaving the salts behind

Use the diagram. For each of the wave parts, identify the letter that is pointing to that part on the diagram.

Crest ______
Trough______
Wavelength ______
Wave height ______

18. Which of these is the CAUSE of a WAVE?

a. Continental deflectionc. Coriolis effect

b. Windd. Changes in density

19. Which currents carry warm water away from the equator?

a. Deep currents b. Evaporation c. Surface currents d. Freezing

20. What is the primary cause of deep ocean currents?
a. Wind changes b. Changes in gravity c. Sunlight d. Changes in density
21. When I put my beach chair on the beach in the morning, I notice that the tide is very low. In 6 hours, what can I expect to happen?
a. It will still be low tide, so I will not have to move.
b. It will be high tide, and will be covered in water if I don’t move.
c. The tide will continue to go out to sea and not come further up on shore.
d. The tide only changes once a day, so I will not need to worry about it.

22. How many tides occur in a 24 hour period?
a. 2 low tides, 2 high tidesc. 2 low tides, 1 high tides
b. 1 low tide, 1 high tided. 1 low tides, 2 high tides
23. What type of tide has the LEAST difference BETWEEN HIGH tide & LOW tide?

a. Low tidec. Neap tide

b. High tided. Spring tide

24. Why do waves increase in height as they approach the shore?

a. The waves are forced into narrow inlets of land.

b. The water particles speed up as they approach land.

c. The water’s density decreases because it’s warmer near the shore.

d. The waves begin to interact with the ocean floor

25. What type of tide has the GREATEST difference BETWEEN HIGH tide & LOW tide?

a. Low tidec. Neap tide

b. High tided. Spring tide

26. Which type of tide occurs at the 1st and 3rd quarters of the month when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other?

a. Low tidec. Neap tide

b. High tided. Spring tide

27. Which type of tide occurs at the NEW moon and the FULL moon, when the sun and moon are in a STRAIGHT LINE?

a. Low tidec. Neap tide

b. High tided. Spring tide

28. Waves on the surface of the ocean are mostly caused by…

a. The moon c. Earthquakes

b. Wind d. The Coriolis effect

29. Which of the following is not a water conservation method?

a. Turning off the water while brushing your teeth

b. Running the dishwater only when it’s full

c. Washing your car everyday

d. Take shorter showers

30. What is water conservation?

a. Using as much water as you possibly can

b. Making the most efficient use of our water

c. Saving water in the freezer

d. Using your bath water to brush your teeth

31. More than 97% of Earth’s total water supply is found in

a. ice sheets.c. the atmosphere

b. groundwater.d. the oceans.

32. What percentage of water is usable for humans?

a. 97c. 2%
b. 1%d. 70%

33. By measuring the difference between high and low tide, we can find the______?

a. Ebb Currentc. Ekman Spiral

b. Tidal Ranged. Tide length

34. What percentage of all water is locked up in ice?

a.97%c. 2%

b. 1%d. 70%

Use the diagram to answer number 35.

35. The diagram above shows a map of ocean surface currents. Warm currents carry water from the equator. Cool currents carry water toward the equator. Hurricanes form where the ocean surface is warmest. Based on the types of surface currents and the directions they flow, where would most hurricanes commonly form?

a. Off the southwest coast of Africac. Off the north coast of Antarctica

b. Off the north coast of South Americad. Off the west coast of South America

36. Cold, nutrient-rich water from the deep ocean rises to the surface and replaces warm surface water in a process called

a. The Coriolis effectc. Downwelling

b. Upwellingd. Tides

37. Which of the following causes water from deep currents to rise to the surface to replace warm currents?

a. The flow of warm currents from the equator toward the poles ****I TOSSED THIS QUESTION****

b. Freezing of the surface of the water

c. Mixing of cold and warm water near shore

d. Squeezing solids out of the ice down into the water below

38. Warmer climates in coastal areas that would otherwise be much cooler may be created by

a. Cold-water currentsc. Deep currents

b. Warm-water currentsd. Breaking currents

39. From what is known about spring tides and neap tides, you can conclude that

a. The sun’s gravity exerts the most power when the moon is on the opposite side of the Earth from the sun.

b. The height of high tides varies with the phases of the moon.

c. Spring tides and neap tides affect the phases of the moon.

d. The moon revolves around the Earth every 14 days.

40. Karla is going to search for clams and oysters during low tide. If she knows that low tide is at 3:00 P.M. today, at what time should she plan to go searching for shellfish tomorrow?
a. 3:00 A.M.c. 3:00 P.M.

b. 2:10 P.M.d. 3:50 P.M.

41. On a clear day, a tsunami suddenly hits the beach of an island in the South Pacific. What was the likely cause of the wave?

a. Offshore hurricanec. Continental deflection

b. Undersea earthquaked. Wind in the open ocean

42. Which of the following does not influence currents?

a. Continental deflectionc. Gravitational pull of the moon

b. The Coriolis effectd. Rotation of the Earth

43. What is meant by the term "tidal range"?

a. Difference in height between high and low tide

b. Length of time required for tides to change

c. Length of time high tide is maintained

d. Length of time low tide is maintained

44. Draw the high tides and low tides for the day. Pay attention to the times. These drawings will represent a 24 hour period. Write the time, type of tide (high or low), and draw what it would look like.

7 AM Low Tide

45. Explain the importance of water conservation based on the amount of freshwater available for human necessities. Provide at least three ways water is wasted and three ways to conserve the water.

7 AM Low Tide

45. Explain the importance of water conservation based on the amount of freshwater available for human necessities. Provide at least three ways water is wasted and three ways to conserve the water.