Water and Solubility Review

Name: ______

Water and Solubility Review

1.Whatpropertyofwaterallowsittodissolveionic compoundssuchassalt, NaCl?

polarity

2.Themoleculesinicearelessfree to move than themoleculesinliquid water.

3.Which region of the water molecule has a negative charge?

oxygenregion

4.Water is an extremely good solvent because it is a polarmolecule.

5.Inanexperiment,astudentdissolvespowderedsugarinwaterinabeaker. Whatisthesoluteinthissituation?Powdered sugar

6.In a solution, the substance which is being dissolved is thesolute

7.Which compound is insoluble in water (circle) and why? ______

calciumbromide (CaBr2)

potassiumbromide (KBr)

magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) (Compounds with CO3 are insoluble, with certain exceptions)

sodiumbromide (NaBr)

8.Whichof the followingsaltsproduces the greatestnumberof ions whendissolvedin water (circle) and why? AlF3 Remember back to writing formulas.

NaClNa and Cl are ions. There will be 2 in solution. =2

AlF3Al and F are ions. There will be 1 Al and 3 F in solution. =4

MgOMg and O are ions. There will be 2 in solution. =2

CaBr2Ca and Br are ions. There will be 1 Ca and 2 Br. =3

9.WhenKCldissolvesindistilled water,whichof the following, other than watermolecules, arein thesolution?

A KClmoleculesB KandClatomsC K+ andCl- ions DKCl- ions

10.The term for a solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature is saturated.

11.Inan experiment,ascientistadds one crystalofsolute toasolution,andalarge amount of solutefalls out of the solution. Before the crystal was added, the solution would be classified as supersaturated.

12.Asoluteisadded to waterandit can still hold more. This type of solution would be classified as unsaturated

13.Whichsubstancedissolvesinpure waterandproducesasolution thatisagoodconductorofelectricity (circle) and why? CaCl2 is the only ionic compound

CaCl2

C6H12O6

N2

O2

Label the following as electrolyte (E) or nonelectrolyte (N).

14.KOH_____E____

15.HNO3_____E___

16.CaCl2_____E____

17.C12H22O11_____N____

Label the following as electrolyte (E) or nonelectrolyte (N).

18.C6H12O6(aq)____N_____

19.K2SO4(aq)____E_____

20.NaCl(aq)____E_____

21.LiCl(aq)____E_____

22.A substance that conducts an electrical current when dissolved in water is called an electrolyte.

Astudentdeterminedthemass,ingrams,ofcompoundXthatwouldsaturate30gramsofwateroveratemperaturerangeof40oCin10-degreesintervals. Theresultsaretabulatedhere.

GramsofDissolvedTemperatureof

CompoundX30gramsofH2O

2.0g10oC

4.0g20oC

8.0g30oC

16g40oC

32g50oC

23.If thissolubilitytrendcontinues,whatis the totalnumberof gramsof compoundXthatwilldissolvein30gramsofwaterat60oC?Each 10°C increase in temp = double mass. Therefore at 60°C you will have 64 g.

24.A change in pressure would have the greatest effect on the solubility of agasin a liquid.

25.Carbonated beverages are solutions of carbon dioxide in water. Under what conditionsdoes the most carbonation remain? lowtemperature and highpressure. Think when a soda has the most fizz.

26.Increasing the surface area of a solid will speed the rate of solution.

The following graph shows solubility of various salts in 100 grams of water at temperatures ranging from 0°C to 100°C. Use the graph to answer the following questions.

27.If 60 grams of KNO3 were added to 100 grams of water at 50°C, how would you classify the solution?unsaturated

28.Approximately what mass of KCl is necessary to form a saturated solution if the KCl is dissolved in 100 grams of water at 50oC? 41 g