Use the Following KEY to Answer the Questions

South Pasadena • ChemistryName

Period Date

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 1 • HISTORY OF ATOMIC THEORY

Use the following KEY to answer the questions:

(A)Democritus(B) John Dalton(C) J.J. Thomson(D)Ernest Rutherford

___1.He was a philosopher who argued that matter was made of indivisible particles.

___2.His experiments led to the idea that most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in a tiny “nucleus.”

___3.He experimented with cathode-ray tubes.

___4.He used alpha particles shot through gold foil.

___5.He discovered that atoms have positive and negative parts.

___6.He is associated with the “billiard ball” model of the atom.

___7.He is associated with the “nuclear” model of the atom.

___8.He coined the term “electron.”

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 2 • ATOMIC ORBITALS

• Complete this table:

• How many types of orbitals are on the third shell (n = 3)?

What is the total number of orbitals on the third shell?

• What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 5f orbitals?
• Unknown element X has outer electrons ns2 np4. What ion would X likely form?

• Students fill the outer electrons in oxygen in the following way. Explain what is wrong, if anything, with each.

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 3 • ELECTRON CONFIGURATION

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 4 • PERIODIC TABLE

Identify the orbital filled by the highest-energy electron for each of these elements.

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 5 • VALENCE ELECTRONS

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 6 • IONIZATION ENERGY

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 7 • PERIODIC PUZZLER

The following elements belong together in families as grouped below. Use the clues to fill in the chart.

AQ, MB, GNC, XYZ, RT, PD, EH, JS

Clues:

1.A is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere.8.D has more layers of electrons than P.

2.G has the highest ionization energy of any atom.9.H is a halogen.

3.M forms 2+ ions.10.Y has three “floors” of electrons.

4.N is the largest member of its group.11.E is the most electronegative atom.

5.B has a greater atomic radius than M.12.R has 5 valence electrons.

6.Z is the only atom with no neutrons.13.R is smaller than T.

7.P has 3 valence electrons.14.J has more protons than S.

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 8 • ATOMIC SIZE

For each pair, circle the species with the LARGER radius:

1.NF6.NeAr

2.MgMg2+7.BrBr

3.KCa8.SiO

4.OO29.AlAl3+

5.SAr10.NaF

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 9 • RECOGNIZING TRENDS

In each group of atoms, circle the atom with the…

9 · Atomic Structure

STATION 9 • RECOGNIZING TRENDS

In each group of atoms, circle the atom with the…