United States History s3

UNITED STATES HISTORY

INTENSIVE REVIEW

for the

South Carolina
United States History and the Constitution

End of Course (EOC) Exam

Wren High School

May 15, 2012

DAY ONE

Table of Contents

Standard 1

P. 2-9

Standard 2

P. 10-14

Standard 3

P. 15-20

Standard 4

P. 20-25

SESSION ONE

Colonial America and the American Revolution

Standard 1.1

Comparing and Contrasting British North America

NEW ENGLAND / MIDDLE COLONIES / SOUTHERN COLONIES
Key Colonies
Key Figures
Why Settle?
Economic Activity
Predominant Religion(s)
Religious Outlook

Standard 1.2

Conflict between the British Parliament and the Colonial Legislatures

Magna Carta / English Bill of Rights
When it happened? / 1225 / 1689
What did it do?
How should it affect the colonies
How did it affect the colonies

Parliament Taxes the Colonies

1754-1763 ______

1763 ______

1764 ______

1765 ______Internal Tax

1767 ______

P______P______L______G______T______

The Road to Revolution

1770 ______

1773 ______

1774 ______

1.  ______

2.  ______

3.  ______

4.  ______

5.  ______

The Revolutionary War

1775 Battles of ______Siege of ______

1776 January Publication of ______

July ______

December Publication of ______Battle of ______

1777 Battle of ______

Treaty of Alliance with ______

1781 Siege of ______

1783 Treaty of ______

Standard 1.3

Impact of the Declaration of Independence and Revolutionary War on establishing the ideals of a Democratic Republic

The Declaration’s ideas eventually formed the groundwork for the United States Constitution. Helped ignite debate over other issues regarding ______of citizens. Over the centuries the Declaration of Independence has served as the foundation on which countless crusades for ______and reform have been based.

What impact did the Declaration of independence and the Revolutionary war have on France?

Standard 1.4

Dissatisfaction with the Articles of Confederation/Constructing the Constitution

The Articles of Confederation

The first plan of government for the United States was the ______of ______, which were drafted in 1776. The Articles were replaced by the U.S. Constitution in 1789.

The Articles vs. the Constitution
Articles of Confederation
“A Firm League of Friendship” / U.S. Constitution
“A More Perfect Union”
Representation
Taxation
Powers of Congress / In addition to the Articles:
Amendments / / of Congress + / of States

The Constitutional Convention

May-September, 1787 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

For what purpose? ______

Conflict and Compromise at the Constitutional Convention
Virginia Plan
New Jersey Plan
Great (Connecticut) Compromise
3/5 (“Not So Great”) Compromise
Slave Trade Compromise
Electoral
College / Electors = ______+ ______
Amendments / ___ / ___ OF ______+ ___ / ___ OF THE ______

Standard 1.5

Principles of the Constitution

Federalism – power is divided between the ______government and the ______governments.

Ordered Government ______Rebellion (1786)

Representative Government (Republicanism)

Separation of Powers

______Branch / ______Branch / ______Branch

In addition to separation of powers, the Framers proposed a system of checks and balances in order to make sure that the members of one branch of government did not become too powerful or corrupt.

Examples:

Veto, Treaty Ratification, Judicial Nomination and Confirmation

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Standard 1.6

Two Party System, Democratic-Republicans and Federalist

The First Two-Party System
What was each party’s stance on each of these issues?

/ FEDERALISTS / (Jeffersonian)
DEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS /
Leaders
Federalism
Constitution
Economy
National Bank
Protective Tariff
Federal Assumption of State War Debts
Supporters

Washington’s Farewell Address: 1. ______

Washington urged Americans to avoid 2. ______

Standard 1.7

John Marshall, Marbury V. Madison

The Adams Administration

Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) / Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions (1798-1799)
WHO?
WHAT?

Before leaving office, John Adams appointed several ______judges, who would serve life terms and be able to undermine Jefferson’s Republican administration from the bench. These included John ______who Adams appointed as ______of the ______.

______v. ______established the principle of ______, which says that the ______has the authority to interpret the Constitution. This differed from Thomas Jefferson’s belief that the ______should interpret the Constitution.

John Marshall vs. Thomas Jefferson

John Marshall
(______) / Thomas Jefferson
(______)
Federalism
National Bank
Economic Development?
Strict / Loose Construction
Who Interprets the Constitution?

STANDARD 2

Movement West

Standard 2.1

Impact of Westward Movement on Democracy

Louisiana Purchase / Lewis and Clark Expedition

1803 – Jefferson purchased Louisiana from ______. He sent Lewis and Clark to explore the Purchase (WIN) and to find a ______Passage

(FAIL).

Indian Removal / Trail of Tears

TERRITORIAL ACQUISITIONS TIMELINE

http upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons 9 94 U S Territorial Acquisitions png

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Standard 2.2

Explain the Monroe Doctrine

Monroe Doctrine (1823)

NO MORE…

Describe how this political cartoon represents the Monroe Doctrine’s affect on the world.

Manifest Destiny

http upload wikimedia org wikipedia commons 1 12 American progress JPG

John Gast, American Progress (1872)

Explain the cartoon above in reference to Manifest Destiny.

Whose Will was it that America had the Right to expand West? ______

Texas Revolution

The Republic of Texas (1836-1846)

Problems with Annexation: 1. ______

2. ______

Standard 2.3

Sectionalism and Economic Development

http leahsuhrstedt com personalliberty wp content uploads 2009 06 787px US Secession map 1861 svg png

NORTH
SOUTH
WEST


Standard 2.4

Antebellum Reform and Sectionalism

Antebellum means “______.” In U.S. History, antebellum describes the period between 18__ and the start of the ______in 18__.

SECTIONALISM

NORTH / SOUTH / WEST
Economy
Political Leaders
Political Issues

ANTEBELLUM REFORM MOVEMENTS

Movement / Key Figures / Information
Second Great Awakening
Abolitionism
Temperance
Women’s Rights

Antebellum reform movements were strongest in the ______, but did not catch on in the more traditionally-minded South.

The more aggressively Northerners criticized the institution of slavery, the more

the South ______it.

Standard 3.1

Events Leading to the Civil War

1820 ______

1824 The “______” Bargain (Clay and Adams)

1828 ______

1828-1833 ______Crisis

1831 ______published

William Lloyd ______

1836 Texas ______

1845 Texas ______

1846-1848 ______

______Proviso ______

Abolitionism vs. Free Soil
Abolitionism / Free Soil
Geographic Base: / Geographic Base:

Compromise of 1850

1.  ______

2.  ______

3.  ______

4.  ______

5.  ______

The Crisis of the 1850s

The 1830s vs. the 1850s
1830s / 1850s

1852 ______published IMPACT:

1854 ______-______Act

______Party Founded PLATFORM: ______

1856 “Bleeding ______”

Notable abolitionist involved: ______

1857 ______v. Sandford

1. ______

2. ______

3. Nullified ______

1859 John Brown’s ______’s Ferry Raid

1860 ______Elected President

1.  ______South secedes (12/1860-2/1861)

States:

2.  Fort ______attacked (4/1861)

3.  Lincoln’s Response: ______

4.  ______South secedes (April-June/1861)

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Standard 3.2

Course of the Civil War,

The Civil War

(aka, “The War Between the States”)

United States of America (USA)
“The North” or “The ______” / Confederate States of America (CSA)
“The South” or “The ______”
Strategies
Strengths
Weaknesses
Leaders

Turing Points

Decisive Battles of the Civil War

Battle / Year / Victor / Significance
Union / Confed.
1861
1862
1863
1863
1865

The Emancipation Proclamation

EFFECTIVE DATE: ______, ______

Which slaves were freed by Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation? ______

How many slaves were freed on January 1, 1863? ______

What value did it have, then? ______

By what authority did Lincoln free these slaves? ______

Lincoln defined the proclamation as a “necessary ______measure.”

Why didn’t Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation sooner?

Lincoln and the Civil War

Lincoln’s primary goal in fighting the Civil War was to

______the ______. To this goal, he added the emancipation of slaves as it became clear that the war would be a long and bitter conflict.

Standard 3.3

Effects of Reconstruction

Reconstruction

By what process will the Southern states be brought back into the Union?

“With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nation's wounds… to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves, and with all nations. “

-- Abraham Lincoln

Second Inaugural Address

Presidential Reconstruction

______% Plan – Lincoln’s plan to allow Southern states back into the Union quickly and easily

Lincoln’s ______by John Wilkes Booth in 1865 hardened Northern attitudes toward the defeated South. Lincoln’s successor, Andrew ______, attempted to continue Lincoln’s generous plans for Reconstruction, but encountered resistance from Congress. Northern Republicans also resented Southern states’ efforts to impose ______Codes, which denied basic rights of citizenship to African-Americans.

Radical Republicans

Goals of the Radical Republicans: 1. ______

2. ______

Presidential Reconstruction
(1863-1867) / Congressional (Radical) Reconstruction (1867-1877)

President ______vetoed Reconstruction Acts that were passed by the Radical Republicans in 1867, but his vetoes were overridden by a __/__ vote of Congress. The Radical Republicans ______President Johnson over disagreements about Reconstruction plans. Johnson avoided being removed from office by ___ vote.

Standard 3.4

Effects of Reconstruction

Reconstruction Amendments

Presidential Reconstruction / Radical Reconstruction
13th Amendment (1865) / 14th Amendment (1868) / 15th Amendment (1870)
1.
2.
3.

Reconstruction in the South

Radical Republicans divided the South (except for Tennessee, which ratified the ___th Amendment voluntarily) into five ______districts. Radical Republicans believed that the defeated South should be treated like “______provinces.”

Freedmen’s Bureau: ______

Carpetbaggers / Scalawags

The ______committed acts of violence and intimidation against “carpetbaggers,” “scalawags,” and freedmen.

Compromise of 1877: ______

Jim Crow - ______

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): ______, but ______

Standard 3.5

Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, Ida B. Wells

List the Methods that each of these Activist used in their battle for Civil Rights

Booker T. Washington / W.E.B Du Bois / Ida B. Wells

Standard 4

Standard 4.1

Impact of Government Policy and Construction of the Railroads on the Native American Peoples

The Dawes Severalty Act

Adopted by Congress in 1887

Made as an attempt to ______Native Americans.

Allowed Native Americans to sign up for ______.

______took control of all unclaimed lands.

Standards 4.2/4.3

Capitalism, Railroads, Big Business through Monopolies

The Gilded Age

Gilded Age: ______

Impact of the Railroads:

1.______2. ______3. ______

Advantages of Corporations

1. ______2. ______3. ______

Big Businesses:

Andrew Carnegie John Rockefeller

Business ______

Vertical Integration Horizontal Integration

Controlling all aspects of Buying out the competition

Production

Tactics used: ______

______-

Social Darwinism: ______

Sherman Antitrust: ______

Robber Barons: ______

Governmental Actions that produced Industrial Growth

1. ______2. ______

3. ______4. ______

Labor Unions v. Big Business

What were the problems of the labor force?

1.______2.______3. ______

The two major Labor Unions of the era were

______

Weapons of Labor Weapons of Business

1. ______1.______

2. ______2. ______

3. ______3. ______

Labor Strikes

Railroad Strike of 1877 / Haymarket Strike / Pullman Strike
Causes
Results

Which side did the government take?

______and ______brought public attention to child labor and unsafe working conditions.

President ______changed the government’s stance on labor unions when he supported the use ______by labor unions.

Standard 4.4

Populist Movement

Problems of the Farmers

1. ______2.______

3. ______4. ______

Farmers Movements

1. ______2. ______

Bimetallism Gold Standard

Was the Populist Party successful?

Election of 1896

“Farmers v. Big Business”

Farmers supported the Populist and Democratic Candidate, ______in the Election of 1896. This candidate gave a very important speech called ______, which argued for Bimetallism.

Big Business supported the Republican Party candidate,______and his Front Porch Campaign. He won the election because he received the support of the workers that feared the inflationary (soft money) policies of Populist Party.

Standard 4.5

Immigration, Ethnic Neighborhoods, and Political Machines

Ethnic Neighborhoods and Immigrant Poverty

In most cases, immigrants were too poor to move beyond coastal cities, leading to the rise of densely populated ethnic neighborhoods. Immigrants relied on political machines, led by party bosses, to help them find jobs. The political machines relied on immigrant votes to keep themselves in power.

Muckrakers, such as Jacob ______, author of How the Other Half Lives, exposed the poor conditions in urban tenements (low-rent apartments) and sweatshops, where immigrants performed cheap labor.

Although most immigrants stayed in coastal cities, such as NYC, many went to Chicago and other cities in the Midwest where low-paying, undesirable jobs (e.g., meatpacking) were available. Upton Sinclair’s book, The ______, exposed the wretched working conditions in Chicago’s meatpacking industry.

Native born Americans tended to resent the “New Immigrants” for several reasons:

1.  They didn’t understand ______.

2.  Their home countries lacked traditions of ______government.

3.  Their religions (______, ______, ______) were largely alien to native born Americans.

4.  They provided a steady supply of ______, which undermined efforts by labor unions to get better wages.

Catholicism and cheap labor were also reasons why people resented the ______immigrants during the antebellum period. However, the Irish did speak English and had traditions of republican government, so no efforts were made by Congress to limit Irish immigration during the nineteenth century.

Migration of African Americans to the North and West

Where they went / Why they went / What they encountered
North
West

Political Machines

Key Figures:______

Key groups: Tammany Hall, New York’s Democratic Political Machine

Examples of Corruption: ______

What strategies did political machines use to gain votes from Immigrants? ______

Standard 4.6

Progressive Movement

Progressiveness- Social Activism, Reforms, End Corruption in Politics

Carrie Chapman Catt / Alice Paul / Jane Addams / Theodore Roosevelt / Woodrow Wilson
Progressive Theory / Women’s Suffrage
Activism Accomplished / Founder of the League of Women Voters, and
President of National American Woman Suffrage Association

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