Unit D Weather and Space

Experiments 363, 379, 393,

  1. The Scientific Method pgs. 2
  2. Make an observation
  3. Ask a question
  4. Form a hypothesis
  5. Test your hypothesis
  6. Record results
  7. Supports hypothesis
  8. Doesn’t support hypothesis
  9. Draw a conclusion
  10. Ask more questions
  1. The Atmosphere and Weather Lesson 1 pg. 362
  2. Insolation
  3. Solar energy that reaches a planet
  4. Equator
  5. Imaginary runs around Earth’s middle
  6. Troposphere
  7. Layer of gases closest to Earth’s surface
  8. Weather
  9. Condition of the troposphere at a particular time and space
  10. Hot or cold
  11. Wet or dry
  12. Calm or stormy
  13. Sunny or cloudy
  14. Air pressure
  15. Force put on a given area by the weight of the air above it
  16. Volume
  17. Measure of how much space an object takes up
  18. Temperature
  19. Air is heated the gas particles speed up and spread out
  20. Altitude
  21. Height above earth’s surface
  22. Measured from sea level
  23. Humidity
  24. Amount of water vapor in air
  25. Latitude
  26. North or South of the equator
  27. Longitude
  28. Place east or west
  29. Barometer
  30. Measures atmospheric pressure
  31. Anemometer
  32. Measures wind speed using cups that rotate when the wind blows
  33. Weather vane
  34. Shows which way wind is blowing
  35. Clouds and Precipitation Lesson 2 pg. 378
  36. Cirrus
  37. Form at the highest altitudes
  38. From ice crystals when water vapor is below freezing point
  39. O degrees C
  40. 32 degrees F
  41. Cumulus
  42. Puffy clouds form from water droplets at middle altitudes
  43. Stratus
  44. Layered form at lower altitudes
  45. Fog
  46. Temp near ground is cold water vapor forms
  47. Forms of precipitation
  48. Hail
  49. Raindrops collide w/ bits of ice severe thunderstorms
  50. Sleet
  51. Raindrops fall through layers of very cold air near ground
  52. Tiny bits of ice
  53. Snow
  54. Air temp is close to or below freezing
  55. Air mass
  56. Large region of air that has similar temps and humidity
  57. Front
  58. The meeting place between two air masses
  59. Low pressure system
  60. Large air mass w/ low air pressure in the center
  61. High air pressure
  62. Large air mass w/ highest air pressure in the center
  63. Weather map
  64. Shows weather in a specific area at a specific time
  65. Meteorologist
  66. Scientists who study earth’s atmosphere & weather
  67. Severe Storms Lesson 3 pg. 392
  68. Thunderstorm
  69. Rainstorm that includes and thunder
  70. Lightning
  71. Spark from the discharge of electricity
  72. Raises temp of air around it
  73. Particles rubbing against rain moving up or down
  74. Blizzard
  75. Snowstorm w/ 56 mph winds and can’t see farther than ¼ mile
  76. Ice storms
  77. Warm front approaches a cold air mass
  78. Freezing rain forms a layer of ice on outside surfaces
  79. Tornado
  80. Rotating funnel cloud w/ wind speeds up to 300 mph
  81. Hurricanes
  82. Wind speed of storm is 74 mph
  83. Rains from tropical storms
  84. Eye is the center of low pressure area
  85. Storm surge
  86. Causes water levels to suddenly rise or surge several meters
  87. Cyclone
  88. Any storm w/ low pressure center starts circular pattern of winds
  89. Climate Lesson 4 pg. 406
  90. Climate
  91. Average weather of a place
  92. Usually for a season’s time
  93. Includes average temp and average rainfall
  94. Currents
  95. Constant movement of ocean waters
  96. Rain shadow
  97. Dry area on leeward side of mountains

Chapter 8 The Universe pg. 418

Experiments 421,

  1. Earth and Sun Lesson 1 pg. 420
  2. Gravity
  3. Force of attraction or pull between any two objects
  4. Affected by distance between two objects
  5. Their masses
  6. On the moon your mass is 6 times less
  7. Orbit
  8. The path one object takes around another object
  9. Planets held in orbit around sun by gravity
  10. Inertia
  11. Tendency of a moving object to keep moving in straight line
  12. Earth orbits sun
  13. Distance between sun and earth is 91-94 million miles
  14. Revolution
  15. One complete trip around the sun
  16. Takes 365 ¼ days to do
  17. Axis
  18. Imaginary line runs through earth between North and South Poles
  19. Rotation
  20. Complete spin on axis done every day or 214 hour period
  21. Tilt of the earth determines length of day’s sunlight and darkness
  22. Sun rises in the east, sets in the west
  23. Earth and Moon Lesson 2 pg. 430
  24. Neil Armstrong 1st man to walk on moon July 20, 1969
  25. Moon
  26. Has no atmosphere, no winds no weather
  27. Phase
  28. Appearance and shape as you see it
  29. It takes 29.5 days for moon to reach its same phase
  30. First quarter
  31. New moon
  32. Last quarter
  33. Full moon
  34. Solar Eclipse
  35. Moon passes directly between earth and sun
  36. Casts shadow down on earth
  37. People see darkness move across sun
  38. Lunar eclipse
  39. Moon moves into earth’s shadow and no longer reached by direct sunlight
  40. During full moon phases only happens
  41. Tide
  42. The rise and fall of the ocean’s surface
  43. Neap tides
  44. Sun and moon pull in different directions
  45. Low tides are higher than normal
  46. High tides are lower than normal
  47. Spring tides
  48. Higher high tides
  49. Lower low tides
  50. Moon and sun pull in same direction
  51. The Solar system Lesson 3 pg. 440
  52. Telescope
  53. Instrument makes distant objects seem larger and nearer
  54. Hubble Space Telescope in 1990
  55. Detects heat from objects in space
  56. Planet
  57. Large object that orbits a star
  58. Inner planets-Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
  59. Outer planets- Jupiter, Saturn , Uranus, Neptune
  60. Pluto, Ceres, Eris are now dwarf planets
  61. Venus is closest to Earth in being the same
  62. Moon
  63. Natural object orbits a planet
  64. Satellites
  65. Object in space that circles around another object
  66. Artificial satellites
  67. Weather ones, space probes
  68. Comet
  69. Mixture of frozen gases, ice, dust and rock that moves in n elliptical orbit around sun
  70. Asteroid
  71. A rock that revolves around the sun
  72. Meteors
  73. Object enters earth’s atmosphere
  74. Burns up before it hits the earth’s surface
  75. Meteorite
  76. A meteor that lands on the earth’s surface
  77. Creates a crater
  78. Space Probes
  79. Vehicle carrying instruments that is sent to explore objects in space
  80. Spirit, Opportunity, New Horizons, Dawn
  81. Stars and the Universe Lesson 4 pg. 456
  82. Star
  83. Characterized by size, color, temperature
  84. Object that produces its own energy including heat and light
  85. End when done giving energy
  86. Nebula
  87. Huge cloud of gases and dust
  88. Pro star
  89. Beginning star
  90. 18,000,ooo degrees F combine w/ hydrogen atoms
  91. Red Giant
  92. Many times larger than original star
  93. White dwarf
  94. Small very dense star shines w/ a cooler white light
  95. End of medium size star’s cycle
  96. 10 billion years pass between cycle
  97. Super Nova
  98. Shines brightly for days or weeks then fades
  99. Exploding star
  100. Black Hole
  101. Object so dense, powerful gravity
  102. nothing can escape even light
  103. Sun
  104. Medium size yellow star temp 11,ooo degrees F
  105. Neutron
  106. Smallest stars
  107. Constellation
  108. Patterns of stars in the sky (88 of them)
  109. Animals, characters from stories, or familiar objects
  110. Big dipper, little dipper,
  111. Light-Year
  112. Distance light travels in a year (5.9 trillion miles)
  113. Galaxy
  114. Huge collection of starts
  115. Spiral in shape
  116. Milky Way
  117. More than 200 billion stars
  118. Elliptical
  119. Shaped like an egg or thick pancake
  120. Irregular galaxies
  121. No distinct shapes