Name: ______
Unit 8 – STUDY GUIDENONREnewable & renewable energy sources
Chapter 2 – (Only pages 44-47) Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems
energy
kinetic energy
potential energy
energy quality
Chapter 2 – Guiding Questions
1.What is the difference between high-quality energy and low-quality energy? Give examples of high and low quality energy and what tasks you can use that energy for.
Chapter 15: Nonrenewable Energy
fossil fuel era
petroleum or crude oil, conventional oil
refinery
petrochemicals
Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR)
Oil sand or tar sand
Shale oil
natural gas
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) / liquefied natural gas (LNG)
coal
bituminous (soft coal)
anthracite (hard coal)
nuclear fission
uranium-235
decommissioned
high-level radioactive wastes
nuclear fusion
Chapter 15 –Guiding Questions
1.Briefly describe the history of human energy use.
2.What is crude oil and where does it come from?
3.What happens at a refinery? What are some products that can be generated by refining crude oil?
4.List the major advantages and disadvantages of using conventional oil as an energy source.
5.What is natural gas and where does it come from?
6.List the major advantages and disadvantages of using natural gas as an energy source.
7.What is coal and where does it come from?
8.Briefly describe the inner workings of a coal-burning power plant.
9.List the major advantages and disadvantages of using coal as a fuel source.
10.Briefly describe the following components of a conventional nuclear reactor…
reactor core–
fuel rods–
control rods–
coolant–
containment shell –
11.Describe what took place at the Three Mile Island nuclear plant.
12.Describe the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident.
13.List advantages and disadvantages of using conventional nuclear fission to create electricity.
14.Summarize current thinking about disposal of high-level radioactive wastes.
Chapter 16: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
energy conservation
energy efficiency
Cogeneration or combined heat and power (CHP)
Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards
hybrid car
plug-in hybrid electric vehicle
passive solar heating system
active solar heating system
solar thermal plant
photovoltaic (PV) cells or solar cells
hydropower
wind turbine (not in textbook)
wind farms (not in textbook)
biomass
biofuels
biodiesel
ethanol
switchgrass
geothermal energy
geothermal heat pump (GHP)
open loop geothermal system (not in textbook)
re-injection well (not in textbook)
closed loop geothermal system (not in textbook)
hydrothermal reservoirs
fuel cells
electrolysis (not in textbook)
macropower
micropower
Chapter 16 – Guiding Questions
1.List the advantages of improving energy efficiency.
2.Describe changes which can be made in transportation which would improve energy efficiency.
3.Describe changes which can be made in buildings, lights, and appliances which would improve energy efficiency.
4.Distinguish between usingactive and passive solar heating for your home.
5.List the advantages and disadvantages of using solar energy to heat air and water for buildings.
6.Describe the use of photovoltaic cells and list their advantages and disadvantages.
7.List the advantages and disadvantages of using large dams and reservoirs to produce electricity.
8.List the advantages and disadvantages of using wind to produce electricity.
9.List the advantages and disadvantages of using biomass to heat space and water, produce electricity, and propel vehicles.
10.Describe the issues surrounding the production and use of ethanol.
11.List the advantages and disadvantages of using geothermal energy for space heating, high-temperature industrial heating, and electricity production.
12.List the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen gas to heat space and water, produce electricity, and propel vehicles.
13.List ways that the United States could build a more sustainable energy future.